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我在 SQl Server 2008 数据库中有一个大表,它有大约 5.7 亿条记录。我们每天都会运行一个批处理作业,该作业获取包含 200,000 条左右交易记录的文件,对这些数据进行分组和求和,然后将其插入到大表中。
最近我尝试将大表的聚集索引更改为identity int列,这将插入时间从3小时缩短到1小时,但我仍然很困惑为什么这个简单的查询要花这么长时间来运行(无论表格大小)
这是一个有 5.7 亿行的表
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[POINTS_EARNED](
[POINTS_EARNED_ID]int identity not null,
[CARD_ID] [int] NOT NULL,
[CYCLE_ID] [int] NOT NULL,
[POINTS_CODE] [int] NOT NULL,
[NO_POINTS] [int] NULL,
[ACCOUNT_ID] [int] NOT NULL,
[CREATED_DATE] [datetime] NULL,
[CREATED_BY] [varchar](20) NULL,
[LAST_MODIFIED_DATE] [datetime] NULL,
[LAST_MODIFIED_BY] [varchar](20) NULL,
[DELETED] [bit] NULL,
CONSTRAINT [PK_POINTS_EARNED] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED
(
[POINTS_EARNED_ID] ASC
)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF,
IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
) ON [PRIMARY]
它还有一些约束(默认值和外键)和索引,我想知道这些是否是导致问题的原因。
实际运行需要一个小时的 SQL 是:
insert into points_earned (
card_id,
cycle_id,
points_code,
no_points,
account_id
)
select pe.card_id, pe.cycle_id, pe.points_code, sum(pe.no_points),pe.account_id
from #points_earned pe
group by pe.card_id, pe.cycle_id, pe.points_code,pe.account_id
临时表#points_earned大约有200,000行,并且具有以下结构(没有索引)
create table #points_earned (
card_id int,
cycle_id int,
points_code int,
card_type varchar(5),
no_points int,
account_id int
)
所以,我想听听一些关于我是否应该这样做的意见
更新 - 根据要求提供更多信息 - select 语句在 2 秒内运行,没有插入,所以这似乎不是问题,所以可能不需要担心临时表的索引
索引、(更新)触发器和约束是:
CREATE NONCLUSTERED INDEX [IDX_CYCLE_ID] ON [dbo].[POINTS_EARNED]
(
[CYCLE_ID] ASC
)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, SORT_IN_TEMPDB = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, DROP_EXISTING = OFF, ONLINE = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
GO
CREATE NONCLUSTERED INDEX [IX_ACCOUNT_ID] ON [dbo].[POINTS_EARNED]
(
[ACCOUNT_ID] ASC
)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, SORT_IN_TEMPDB = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, DROP_EXISTING = OFF, ONLINE = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
GO
CREATE NONCLUSTERED INDEX [IX_ACCOUNT_ID_POINTS_CODE] ON [dbo].[POINTS_EARNED]
(
[ACCOUNT_ID] ASC,
[POINTS_CODE] ASC
)
INCLUDE ( [CARD_ID],
[CYCLE_ID],
[NO_POINTS]) WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, SORT_IN_TEMPDB = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, DROP_EXISTING = OFF, ONLINE = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
GO
CREATE NONCLUSTERED INDEX [RELATION_151_FK] ON [dbo].[POINTS_EARNED]
(
[CARD_ID] ASC,
[CYCLE_ID] ASC
)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, SORT_IN_TEMPDB = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, DROP_EXISTING = OFF, ONLINE = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
GO
CREATE NONCLUSTERED INDEX [RELATION_152_FK] ON [dbo].[POINTS_EARNED]
(
[POINTS_CODE] ASC
)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, SORT_IN_TEMPDB = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, DROP_EXISTING = OFF, ONLINE = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
GO
/****** Object: Trigger [update_points_earned] Script Date: 09/13/2013 13:20:54 ******/
SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO
CREATE TRIGGER [dbo].[update_points_earned] ON [dbo].[POINTS_EARNED]
FOR UPDATE
AS
BEGIN
UPDATE points_earned
SET Last_Modified_By = USER,
Last_Modified_Date = GETDATE()
FROM
points_earned t,
inserted i
WHERE
t.card_id = i.card_id AND
t.cycle_id = i.cycle_id AND
t.points_code = i.points_code AND
t.account_id = i.account_id
END
GO
/****** Object: Default [DF_POINTS_EARNED_ACCOUNT_ID] Script Date: 09/13/2013 13:20:54 ******/
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[POINTS_EARNED] ADD CONSTRAINT [DF_POINTS_EARNED_ACCOUNT_ID] DEFAULT ((0)) FOR [ACCOUNT_ID]
GO
/****** Object: Default [DF_POINTS_EARNED_CREATED_DATE] Script Date: 09/13/2013 13:20:54 ******/
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[POINTS_EARNED] ADD CONSTRAINT [DF_POINTS_EARNED_CREATED_DATE] DEFAULT (getdate()) FOR [CREATED_DATE]
GO
/****** Object: Default [DF_POINTS_EARNED_CREATED_BY] Script Date: 09/13/2013 13:20:54 ******/
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[POINTS_EARNED] ADD CONSTRAINT [DF_POINTS_EARNED_CREATED_BY] DEFAULT (user_name()) FOR [CREATED_BY]
GO
/****** Object: Default [DF_POINTS_EARNED_DELETED] Script Date: 09/13/2013 13:20:54 ******/
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[POINTS_EARNED] ADD CONSTRAINT [DF_POINTS_EARNED_DELETED] DEFAULT ((0)) FOR [DELETED]
GO
/****** Object: ForeignKey [FK_POINTS_E_REFERENCE_CYCLE_CA] Script Date: 09/13/2013 13:20:54 ******/
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[POINTS_EARNED] WITH CHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_POINTS_E_REFERENCE_CYCLE_CA] FOREIGN KEY([CARD_ID], [CYCLE_ID])
REFERENCES [dbo].[CYCLE_CARD] ([CARD_ID], [CYCLE_ID])
GO
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[POINTS_EARNED] CHECK CONSTRAINT [FK_POINTS_E_REFERENCE_CYCLE_CA]
GO
/****** Object: ForeignKey [FK_POINTS_E_REFERENCE_POINTS_C] Script Date: 09/13/2013 13:20:54 ******/
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[POINTS_EARNED] WITH NOCHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_POINTS_E_REFERENCE_POINTS_C] FOREIGN KEY([POINTS_CODE])
REFERENCES [dbo].[POINTS_CODE] ([POINTS_CODE])
GO
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[POINTS_EARNED] CHECK CONSTRAINT [FK_POINTS_E_REFERENCE_POINTS_C]
GO
/****** Object: ForeignKey [FK_POINTS_EARNED_REF_ACCOUNT] Script Date: 09/13/2013 13:20:54 ******/
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[POINTS_EARNED] WITH NOCHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_POINTS_EARNED_REF_ACCOUNT] FOREIGN KEY([ACCOUNT_ID])
REFERENCES [dbo].[ACCOUNT] ([ACCOUNT_ID])
GO
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[POINTS_EARNED] CHECK CONSTRAINT [FK_POINTS_EARNED_REF_ACCOUNT]
编辑2、insert语句的查询计划
|--Sequence
|--Index Insert(OBJECT:([Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_EARNED].[IDX_CYCLE_ID]), SET:([POINTS_EARNED_ID1040] = [Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_EARNED].[POINTS_EARNED_ID],[CYCLE_ID1041] = [Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_EARNED].[CYCLE_ID]) WITH ORDERED PREFETCH)
| |--Sort(ORDER BY:([Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_EARNED].[CYCLE_ID] ASC, [Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_EARNED].[POINTS_EARNED_ID] ASC))
| |--Table Spool
| |--Clustered Index Insert(OBJECT:([Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_EARNED].[PK_POINTS_EARNED]), SET:([Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_EARNED].[CARD_ID] = RaiseIfNullInsert([tempdb].[dbo].[#points_earned].[card_id] as [pe].[card_id]),[Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_EARNED].[CYCLE_ID] = RaiseIfNullInsert([tempdb].[dbo].[#points_earned].[cycle_id] as [pe].[cycle_id]),[Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_EARNED].[POINTS_CODE] = RaiseIfNullInsert([tempdb].[dbo].[#points_earned].[points_code] as [pe].[points_code]),[Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_EARNED].[NO_POINTS] = [Expr1006],[Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_EARNED].[ACCOUNT_ID] = RaiseIfNullInsert([tempdb].[dbo].[#points_earned].[account_id] as [pe].[account_id]),[Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_EARNED].[POINTS_EARNED_ID] = [Expr1007],[Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_EARNED].[CREATED_DATE] = [Expr1008],[Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_EARNED].[CREATED_BY] = [Expr1009],[Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_EARNED].[DELETED] = [Expr1010],[Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_EARNED].[LAST_MODIFIED_DATE] = NULL,[Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_EARNED].[LAST_MODIFIED_BY] = NULL) WITH UNORDERED PREFETCH)
| |--Compute Scalar(DEFINE:([Expr1008]=getdate(), [Expr1009]=CONVERT_IMPLICIT(varchar(20),user_name(),0), [Expr1010]=(0)))
| |--Compute Scalar(DEFINE:([Expr1007]=getidentity((1243867498),(8),NULL)))
| |--Top(ROWCOUNT est 0)
| |--Parallelism(Gather Streams)
| |--Compute Scalar(DEFINE:([Expr1006]=CASE WHEN [Expr1062]=(0) THEN NULL ELSE [Expr1063] END))
| |--Hash Match(Aggregate, HASH:([pe].[card_id], [pe].[cycle_id], [pe].[points_code], [pe].[account_id]), RESIDUAL:([tempdb].[dbo].[#points_earned].[card_id] as [pe].[card_id] = [tempdb].[dbo].[#points_earned].[card_id] as [pe].[card_id] AND [tempdb].[dbo].[#points_earned].[cycle_id] as [pe].[cycle_id] = [tempdb].[dbo].[#points_earned].[cycle_id] as [pe].[cycle_id] AND [tempdb].[dbo].[#points_earned].[points_code] as [pe].[points_code] = [tempdb].[dbo].[#points_earned].[points_code] as [pe].[points_code] AND [tempdb].[dbo].[#points_earned].[account_id] as [pe].[account_id] = [tempdb].[dbo].[#points_earned].[account_id] as [pe].[account_id]) DEFINE:([Expr1062]=COUNT_BIG([tempdb].[dbo].[#points_earned].[no_points] as [pe].[no_points]), [Expr1063]=SUM([tempdb].[dbo].[#points_earned].[no_points] as [pe].[no_points])))
| |--Parallelism(Repartition Streams, Hash Partitioning, PARTITION COLUMNS:([pe].[card_id], [pe].[cycle_id], [pe].[points_code], [pe].[account_id]))
| |--Clustered Index Scan(OBJECT:([tempdb].[dbo].[#points_earned] AS [pe]))
|--Index Insert(OBJECT:([Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_EARNED].[IX_ACCOUNT_ID]), SET:([POINTS_EARNED_ID1042] = [Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_EARNED].[POINTS_EARNED_ID],[ACCOUNT_ID1043] = [Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_EARNED].[ACCOUNT_ID]) WITH ORDERED PREFETCH)
| |--Sort(ORDER BY:([Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_EARNED].[ACCOUNT_ID] ASC, [Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_EARNED].[POINTS_EARNED_ID] ASC))
| |--Table Spool
|--Assert(WHERE:(CASE WHEN [Expr1050] IS NULL THEN (0) ELSE NULL END))
| |--Nested Loops(Left Semi Join, OUTER REFERENCES:([Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_EARNED].[ACCOUNT_ID], [Expr1068]) WITH UNORDERED PREFETCH, DEFINE:([Expr1050] = [PROBE VALUE]))
| |--Index Insert(OBJECT:([Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_EARNED].[IX_ACCOUNT_ID_POINTS_CODE]), SET:([POINTS_EARNED_ID1044] = [Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_EARNED].[POINTS_EARNED_ID],[CARD_ID1045] = [Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_EARNED].[CARD_ID],[CYCLE_ID1046] = [Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_EARNED].[CYCLE_ID],[POINTS_CODE1047] = [Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_EARNED].[POINTS_CODE],[NO_POINTS1048] = [Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_EARNED].[NO_POINTS],[ACCOUNT_ID1049] = [Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_EARNED].[ACCOUNT_ID]) WITH UNORDERED PREFETCH)
| | |--Table Spool
| |--Clustered Index Seek(OBJECT:([Progressive_Points].[dbo].[ACCOUNT].[PK_ACCOUNT]), SEEK:([Progressive_Points].[dbo].[ACCOUNT].[ACCOUNT_ID]=[Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_EARNED].[ACCOUNT_ID]) ORDERED FORWARD)
|--Assert(WHERE:(CASE WHEN [Expr1054] IS NULL THEN (0) ELSE NULL END))
| |--Nested Loops(Left Semi Join, OUTER REFERENCES:([Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_EARNED].[CARD_ID], [Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_EARNED].[CYCLE_ID], [Expr1070]) WITH UNORDERED PREFETCH, DEFINE:([Expr1054] = [PROBE VALUE]))
| |--Index Insert(OBJECT:([Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_EARNED].[RELATION_151_FK]), SET:([POINTS_EARNED_ID1051] = [Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_EARNED].[POINTS_EARNED_ID],[CARD_ID1052] = [Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_EARNED].[CARD_ID],[CYCLE_ID1053] = [Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_EARNED].[CYCLE_ID]) WITH ORDERED PREFETCH)
| | |--Sort(ORDER BY:([Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_EARNED].[CARD_ID] ASC, [Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_EARNED].[CYCLE_ID] ASC, [Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_EARNED].[POINTS_EARNED_ID] ASC))
| | |--Table Spool
| |--Row Count Spool
| |--Index Seek(OBJECT:([Progressive_Points].[dbo].[CYCLE_CARD].[IDX_NCLST_CARD_ID_CYCLE_ID]), SEEK:([Progressive_Points].[dbo].[CYCLE_CARD].[CARD_ID]=[Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_EARNED].[CARD_ID] AND [Progressive_Points].[dbo].[CYCLE_CARD].[CYCLE_ID]=[Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_EARNED].[CYCLE_ID]) ORDERED FORWARD)
|--Assert(WHERE:(CASE WHEN [Expr1057] IS NULL THEN (0) ELSE NULL END))
|--Merge Join(Left Semi Join, MANY-TO-MANY MERGE:([Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_EARNED].[POINTS_CODE])=([Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_CODE].[POINTS_CODE]), RESIDUAL:([Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_EARNED].[POINTS_CODE]=[Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_CODE].[POINTS_CODE]))
|--Index Insert(OBJECT:([Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_EARNED].[RELATION_152_FK]), SET:([POINTS_EARNED_ID1055] = [Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_EARNED].[POINTS_EARNED_ID],[POINTS_CODE1056] = [Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_EARNED].[POINTS_CODE]) WITH ORDERED PREFETCH)
| |--Sort(ORDER BY:([Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_EARNED].[POINTS_CODE] ASC, [Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_EARNED].[POINTS_EARNED_ID] ASC))
| |--Table Spool
|--Index Scan(OBJECT:([Progressive_Points].[dbo].[POINTS_CODE].[POINTS_CODES_PK]), ORDERED FORWARD)
最佳答案
好的,这就是我要做的:
检查您是否需要同时使用索引 [IX_ACCOUNT_ID_POINTS_CODE] 和 [IX_ACCOUNT_ID],因为它们可能是多余的。
在执行INSERT
之前,禁用触发器并删除外键。
执行INSERT
设置通常由触发器设置的字段,并确保 FK 列的值有效。
重新启用触发器,并使用 NOCHECK 重新创建外键。
当您插入的行数少于总行数的 0.2% 时,我会保留索引,因此就地更新它们可能比删除并重建它们更快。
关于sql-server - SQL Server INSERT 到大表很慢,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/18775475/
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