c++ - cmake 找不到使用 vcpkg 安装的库

Question

我想在 Windows 的 CMake 项目中使用 vcpkg，因为我需要 boost 和 xerces，它们都由这个包管理器处理.

我有以下CMakeLists.txt:

cmake_minimum_required (VERSION 3.12.0)

project (myproj)

set (CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH ${XERCES_ROOT})
set (Boost_USE_STATIC_LIBS ON)
set (Boost_USE_MULTITHREADED ON)
unset (Boost_INCLUDE_DIR CACHE)
unset (Boost_LIBRARY_DIRS CACHE)

# set (CMAKE_MODULE_PATH ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/../../cmake/modules)
find_package (Boost COMPONENTS filesystem regex REQUIRED)
find_package (XercesC CONFIG REQUIRED)

set (CMAKE_INCLUDE_CURRENT_DIR ON)
message (STATUS "binary dir is ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}")
include_directories (${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/${PROJECT_NAME}/)
include_directories (${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/..)
include_directories (${Boost_INCLUDE_DIRS})
include_directories (${XercesC_INCLUDE_DIRS})

set (PROJECT_SRC
  code.cpp
  )

add_library (${PROJECT_NAME} SHARED ${PROJECT_SRC})
add_dependencies (${PROJECT_NAME} UPDATE_RESOURCES)
target_link_libraries (${PROJECT_NAME} ${Boost_LIBRARIES} XercesC::XercesC)

Boost 和 xerces-c 随 vcpkg 一起安装。由于我使用的是 Visual Studio Code，所以我在 settings.json 中设置 vcpkg 变量:

  "cmake.configureSettings": {
    "CMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE" : "some/path/vcpkg/scripts/buildsystems/vcpkg.cmake",
    "VCPKG_TARGET_TRIPLET": "x64-windows"
  }

当我运行 che CMake 时，出现以下错误:

[cmake] CMake Error at C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.14/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:2132 (message):
[cmake]   Unable to find the requested Boost libraries.
[cmake] 
[cmake]   Unable to find the Boost header files.  Please set BOOST_ROOT to the root
[cmake]   directory containing Boost or BOOST_INCLUDEDIR to the directory containing
[cmake]   Boost's headers.
[cmake] Call Stack (most recent call first):
[cmake]   D:/projects/vcpkg/scripts/buildsystems/vcpkg.cmake:233 (_find_package)
[cmake]   src/myroject/CMakeLists.txt:24 (find_package)
[cmake] 
[cmake] 
[cmake] CMake Error at D:/Projects/vcpkg/installed/x64-windows/share/xercesc/vcpkg-cmake-wrapper.cmake:1 (_find_package):
[cmake]   Could not find a package configuration file provided by "XercesC" with any
[cmake]   of the following names:
[cmake] 
[cmake]     XercesCConfig.cmake
[cmake]     xercesc-config.cmake
[cmake] 
[cmake]   Add the installation prefix of "XercesC" to CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH or set
[cmake]   "XercesC_DIR" to a directory containing one of the above files.  If
[cmake]   "XercesC" provides a separate development package or SDK, be sure it has
[cmake]   been installed.
[cmake] Call Stack (most recent call first):
[cmake]   D:/Projects/vcpkg/scripts/buildsystems/vcpkg.cmake:189 (include)
[cmake]   src/ZLA/CMakeLists.txt:25 (find_package)
[cmake] 
[cmake] 
[cmake] Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!
[cmake] See also "D:/Projects/zla/build/vscode/CMakeFiles/CMakeOutput.log".
[cms-driver] Error during CMake configure: [cmake-server] Configuration failed.

目前我已经使用 vcpkg 命令安装了 xerces，而 boost 目前尚未安装，但我期望在执行 cmake 命令期间，vcpkg将下载并构建所需的构建包。

我也尝试过命令行:

 cmake -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=D:/Projects/vcpkg/scripts/buildsystems/vcpkg.cmake -DVCPKG_TARGET_TRIPLET=x64-windows ../

但结果是一样的。

我做错了什么？如何成功使用vcpkg？

Answer 1

理论上它很简单(假设 vcpkg 安装在 C:/vcpkg 中，就像它用于 github 操作一样)；

1. 用 vcpkg install foo 安装你的“foo”包

2. 确保您的 CMakeLists.txt 找到并使用该包；

   find_package(FOO)
   # Use these instead of the package doesn't have proper cmake 
   package support.
   # find_path(FOO_INCLUDE_DIRS foo.h)
   # find_library(FOO_LIBRARYS foo)
   include_directories(${FOO_INCLUDE_DIRS})
   target_link_libraries(myprogram ${FOO_LIBRARIES})                                     
   

3. 运行 cmake

   -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=C:/vcpkg/scripts/buildsystems/vcpkg.cmake
   

但是...这对我不起作用，直到我添加 --triplet x64-windows到vcpkg install命令。

DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE设置各种CMAKE_(SYSTEM_)?(PREFIX|LIBRARY|INCLUDE|FRAMEWORK)_PATH变量以使 find_*() cmake 函数能够工作，但请注意这些路径包括 VCPKG_TARGET_TRIPLET。就我而言，软件包安装为 vcpkg install <foo>默认为x86-windows但然后使用 -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=C:/.... 调用 cmake默认为x64-windows所以它找不到包。

当前 vcpkg 默认为较旧的 x86 目标，但现代 Visual Studio(由 githup 操作使用)默认为 x64。修复方法是使用 vcpkg -triplet x64-windows install <foo> 安装软件包。 。我花了很长时间才发现这一点。