awk - 如何每列打印使用awk

Question

a.txt的内容

name age
alice 21
ryan 30

#test.sh
nf=`awk '{print NF; exit}' a.txt`
for((i=1;i<=$nf;i++))
{
    awk '{print $i}' ./a.txt
}

我期望的结果是按列打印，但实际结果是将所有内容打印两次。

我的预期输出是

name
alice
ryan
age
21
30

实际输出为

name age
alice 21
ryan 30
name age
alice 21
ryan 30

Answer 1

这可以在单个 awk 本身中完成，请尝试以下操作；使用您的节目样本编写和测试。

awk -v tot="0" '
{
  for(i=1;i<=NF;i++){
    arr[i]=(arr[i]?arr[i] ORS:"")$i
  }
  tot=(tot>NF?tot:NF)
}
END{
  for(i=1;i<=tot;i++){
    print arr[i]
  }
}
' Input_file

说明: 为以上添加详细说明。

awk -v tot="0" '          ##Starting awk program from here, setting tot to 0 here.
{
  for(i=1;i<=NF;i++){     ##Traversing through all fields here.
    arr[i]=(arr[i]?arr[i] ORS:"")$i  ##Creating arr with index of i and keep appending current field value in it.
  }
  tot=(tot>NF?tot:NF)     ##Creating tot by seeing current total number of fields, to get highest NF value here.
}
END{                      ##Starting END block of this program from here.
  for(i=1;i<=tot;i++){    ##Running for loop from i=1 to till tot value here.
    print arr[i]          ##Printing array with index of i here.
  }
}
' Input_file              ##Mentioning Input_file name here.