r - `sp::over()` 相当于 `terra`

Question

包 terra 中是否有等价于 sp::over() 的东西？要获取显示 SpatVector 的哪些几何形状覆盖另一个 SpatVector 的哪些几何形状的数据框——像这样，但仅使用 terra:

# get a polygons map:
library(terra)
lux <- vect(system.file("ex/lux.shp", package="terra"))
plot(lux)
text(lux, lux$NAME_2)

# get points that overlay some of those polygons:
pts <- vect(cbind(c(5.8, 6, 6.2), c(49.85, 49.5, 49.6)), crs = crs(lux))
plot(pts, col = "blue", add = TRUE)

# find which points overlay which polygons:
library(sp); library(raster)
over(as(pts, "Spatial"), as(lux, "Spatial"))

#   ID_1     NAME_1 ID_2           NAME_2 AREA    POP
# 1    1   Diekirch    3          Redange  259  18664
# 2    3 Luxembourg    9 Esch-sur-Alzette  251 176820
# 3    3 Luxembourg   10       Luxembourg  237 182607

Answer 1

您的示例数据

library(terra)
lux <- vect(system.file("ex/lux.shp", package="terra"))
pts <- vect(cbind(c(5.8, 6, 6.2), c(49.85, 49.5, 49.6)), crs = crs(lux))

您可以使用extract(也在raster中)

extract(lux, pts)[,-1]
#  ID_1     NAME_1 ID_2           NAME_2 AREA    POP
#1    1   Diekirch    3          Redange  259  18664
#2    3 Luxembourg    9 Esch-sur-Alzette  251 176820
#3    3 Luxembourg   10       Luxembourg  237 182607

或者你可以这样做(通过 lovalery 解决方案的变体)

i <- relate(pts, lux, "within") |> apply(2, any)
lux[i,] |> data.frame()
#  ID_1     NAME_1 ID_2           NAME_2 AREA    POP
#1    1   Diekirch    3          Redange  259  18664
#2    3 Luxembourg    9 Esch-sur-Alzette  251 176820
#3    3 Luxembourg   10       Luxembourg  237 182607

或者只是这样

i <- is.related(lux, pts, "intersects")
lux[i,] |> data.frame()
#  ID_1     NAME_1 ID_2           NAME_2 AREA    POP
#1    1   Diekirch    3          Redange  259  18664
#2    3 Luxembourg    9 Esch-sur-Alzette  251 176820
#3    3 Luxembourg   10       Luxembourg  237 182607