c++ - 如何清除使用用户定义比较的 `priority_queue`？

Question

如何清除使用用户定义比较的priority_queue？

来自 std::priority_queue documentation ，我将 priority_queue 的使用减少到我需要的情况(= 具有用户定义比较的队列)

>> cat test.cpp 
#include <functional>
#include <queue>
#include <vector>
#include <iostream>
#include <utility>

auto queue_cmp = [](std::pair<int, double> const& lhs,
                    std::pair<int, double> const& rhs) {
    return lhs.second > rhs.second; // Custom order.
};
typedef std::priority_queue<std::pair<int, double>,
                            std::vector<std::pair<int, double>>,
                            decltype(queue_cmp)> custom_queue;

template<typename T>
void print_queue(T q) { // NB: pass by value so the print uses a copy
    int s = 0;
    while(!q.empty()) {
        std::pair<int, double> elem = q.top();
        std::cout << s << ": " << elem.first << ", " << elem.second << std::endl;
        q.pop();
        s++;
    }
    std::cout << '\n';
}

int main() {
    custom_queue q(queue_cmp);
    for (int n = 10; n < 20; n++) {
        double val = static_cast <double>(rand())/(static_cast<double>(RAND_MAX));
        q.push(std::pair<int, double>(n, val));
    }
    print_queue(q);
    //q = custom_queue(queue_cmp);
}

运行正常

>> g++ -o test test.cpp 

>> ./test 
0: 15, 0.197551
1: 18, 0.277775
2: 16, 0.335223
3: 11, 0.394383
4: 19, 0.55397
5: 17, 0.76823
6: 12, 0.783099
7: 13, 0.79844
8: 10, 0.840188
9: 14, 0.911647

现在我需要重置q，所以，按照priority queue clear method ，我取消注释 test.cpp 中的最后一行......并得到这个编译错误，就好像我得到了正确的一样，在 lamdba 上删除了复制构造函数:

>> g++ -o test test.cpp 
test.cpp: In function ‘int main()’:
test.cpp:34:31: error: use of deleted function ‘std::priority_queue<std::pair<int, double>, std::vector<std::pair<int, double> >, <lambda(const std::pair<int, double>&, const std::pair<int, double>&)> >& std::priority_queue<std::pair<int, double>, std::vector<std::pair<int, double> >, <lambda(const std::pair<int, double>&, const std::pair<int, double>&)> >::operator=(std::priority_queue<std::pair<int, double>, std::vector<std::pair<int, double> >, <lambda(const std::pair<int, double>&, const std::pair<int, double>&)> >&&)’
   34 |     q = custom_queue(queue_cmp);
      |                               ^
In file included from /usr/include/c++/12/queue:64,
                 from test.cpp:2:
/usr/include/c++/12/bits/stl_queue.h:498:11: note: ‘std::priority_queue<std::pair<int, double>, std::vector<std::pair<int, double> >, <lambda(const std::pair<int, double>&, const std::pair<int, double>&)> >& std::priority_queue<std::pair<int, double>, std::vector<std::pair<int, double> >, <lambda(const std::pair<int, double>&, const std::pair<int, double>&)> >::operator=(std::priority_queue<std::pair<int, double>, std::vector<std::pair<int, double> >, <lambda(const std::pair<int, double>&, const std::pair<int, double>&)> >&&)’ is implicitly deleted because the default definition would be ill-formed:
  498 |     class priority_queue
      |           ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/12/bits/stl_queue.h:498:11: error: use of deleted function ‘<lambda(const std::pair<int, double>&, const std::pair<int, double>&)>&<lambda(const std::pair<int, double>&, const std::pair<int, double>&)>::operator=(const<lambda(const std::pair<int, double>&, const std::pair<int, double>&)>&)’
test.cpp:7:19: note: a lambda closure type has a deleted copy assignment operator
    7 | auto queue_cmp = [](std::pair<int, double> const& lhs,
      |                   ^

在这种情况下有没有办法重置q？

编辑

bool queue_cmp(std::pair<int, double> const& lhs,
               std::pair<int, double> const& rhs) {
    return lhs.second > rhs.second; // Custom order.
};

没有帮助

Answer 1

不在 C++17 中。

C++20 为无捕获 lambda 提供了默认构造函数。但是在早期的语言版本中，构造函数被删除了。

真的，你不应该使用 lambda。只需使用命名结构。