database-design - 表示数据库中的产品分类

Question

我必须在数据库中表示具有父子关系的复杂产品分类。有人可以指导我这样做吗？？

例如根可能是“所有产品”然后可能在第二层我们有“电脑”和“家具”像一棵树？？

Answer 1

这是一个使用 SQL Server 2005 的简单树示例:

--go through a nested table supervisor - user table and display the chain
DECLARE @Contacts table (id varchar(6), first_name varchar(10), reports_to_id varchar(6))
INSERT @Contacts VALUES ('1','Jerome', NULL )  -- tree is as follows:
INSERT @Contacts VALUES ('2','Joe'   ,'1')     --                      1-Jerome
INSERT @Contacts VALUES ('3','Paul'  ,'2')     --                     /        \
INSERT @Contacts VALUES ('4','Jack'  ,'3')     --              2-Joe           9-Bill
INSERT @Contacts VALUES ('5','Daniel','3')     --            /       \              \
INSERT @Contacts VALUES ('6','David' ,'2')     --     3-Paul          6-David       10-Sam
INSERT @Contacts VALUES ('7','Ian'   ,'6')     --    /      \            /    \
INSERT @Contacts VALUES ('8','Helen' ,'6')     -- 4-Jack  5-Daniel   7-Ian    8-Helen
INSERT @Contacts VALUES ('9','Bill ' ,'1')     --
INSERT @Contacts VALUES ('10','Sam'  ,'9')     --

DECLARE @Root_id  char(4)

--get 2 and below
SET @Root_id=2
PRINT '@Root_id='+COALESCE(''''+@Root_id+'''','null')
;WITH StaffTree AS
(
    SELECT 
        c.id, c.first_name, c.reports_to_id, c.reports_to_id as Manager_id, cc.first_name AS Manager_first_name, 1 AS LevelOf
        FROM @Contacts                  c
            LEFT OUTER JOIN @Contacts  cc ON c.reports_to_id=cc.id
        WHERE c.id=@Root_id OR (@Root_id IS NULL AND c.reports_to_id IS NULL)
    UNION ALL
        SELECT 
            s.id, s.first_name, s.reports_to_id, t.id, t.first_name, t.LevelOf+1
        FROM StaffTree            t
            INNER JOIN @Contacts  s ON t.id=s.reports_to_id
    WHERE s.reports_to_id=@Root_id OR @Root_id IS NULL OR t.LevelOf>1
)
SELECT * FROM StaffTree

输出:

@Root_id='2   '
id     first_name reports_to_id Manager_id Manager_first_name LevelOf
------ ---------- ------------- ---------- ------------------ -----------
2      Joe        1             1          Jerome             1
3      Paul       2             2          Joe                2
6      David      2             2          Joe                2
7      Ian        6             6          David              3
8      Helen      6             6          David              3
4      Jack       3             3          Paul               3
5      Daniel     3             3          Paul               3

(7 row(s) affected)

更改@Root_id 以获得不同的输出:

@Root_id=null
id     first_name reports_to_id Manager_id Manager_first_name LevelOf
------ ---------- ------------- ---------- ------------------ -----------
1      Jerome     NULL          NULL       NULL               1
2      Joe        1             1          Jerome             2
9      Bill       1             1          Jerome             2
10     Sam        9             9          Bill               3
3      Paul       2             2          Joe                3
6      David      2             2          Joe                3
7      Ian        6             6          David              4
8      Helen      6             6          David              4
4      Jack       3             3          Paul               4
5      Daniel     3             3          Paul               4

(10 row(s) affected)