java - 在 Android 应用程序中调用 string.xml 文件中的数组中的值

Question

我构建了一个财富厨师应用程序，之前该应用程序的值已硬编码到数组中

FortuneActivity.java

package juangallardo.emofortunecookie;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;

import java.util.Random;


public class FortuneActivity extends Activity {

  private FortuneBox mFortuneBox = new FortuneBox();

  @Override
  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_fortune);

    // Declare our View variables and assign them the Views from the layout file
    final TextView fortuneLabel = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.fortuneTextView);
    Button showFortuneButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.showFortuneButton);
    View.OnClickListener listener = new View.OnClickListener() {
      @Override
      public void onClick(View view) {
          String fortune = mFortuneBox.getFortune();
          // Update the label with dynamic fortune
          fortuneLabel.setText(fortune);
      }
    };
    showFortuneButton.setOnClickListener(listener);

  }
}

FortuneBox.java

package juangallardo.emofortunecookie;

import java.util.Random;

public class FortuneBox {

  public String[] mFortunes = {

        "What is the point?",
        "Sometimes it is best to just sleep in.",
  #98 other fortunes...
};

// Methods (abilities)
public String getFortune() {

    String fortune = "";

    // Randomly select a fortune
    Random randomGenerator = new Random();
    int randomNumber = randomGenerator.nextInt(mFortunes.length);

    fortune = mFortunes[randomNumber];

    return fortune;
  }
}

<小时/>

问题是现在我想添加西类牙语版本。所以我意识到我应该将该数组添加到 strings.xml 中。

我在 Android developer page 上查找了字符串资源。这让我想到将其添加到我的代码中

strings.xml

<string-array name="emo_fortunes">
    <item>What is the point?</item>
    <item>Sometimes it is best to just sleep in.</item>
</string-array>

但现在我不知道在哪里添加这部分，其中包含有关资源等的部分。

我按照 Treehouse 的有关字符串的教程进行操作，但我的应用程序不断崩溃。

基本上我所做的更改是将原始数组变成

FortuneBox.java

# above unchanged from previous code
public String[] mFortunes;
# below unchanged from previous code

FortuneActivity.java

# same imports as before
public class FortuneActivity extends Activity {

private FortuneBox mFortuneBox = new FortuneBox();

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_fortune);

    Resources resources = getResources();
    final String[] mFortuneBox = resources.getStringArray(R.array.emo_fortunes);

    // Declare our View variables and assign them the Views from the layout file
    final TextView fortuneLabel = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.fortuneTextView);
    Button showFortuneButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.showFortuneButton);
    View.OnClickListener listener = new View.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(View view) {
            String fortune = mFortuneBox.getFortune();
            // Update the label with dynamic fortune
            fortuneLabel.setText(fortune);
        }
    };
    showFortuneButton.setOnClickListener(listener);

  }
}

这些是我的错误，但不知道该从哪里开始，因为我是 Android 新手，而且自从大学以来我就没有接触过 Java。

日志

FortuneActivity.java

FortuneBox.java

Answer 1

Mikki 给出了正确的答案，但有点令人困惑。在上面的代码中，您对两个不同的变量使用相同的名称:mFortuneBox。这是你麻烦的根源:

private FortuneBox mFortuneBox = new FortuneBox();
...
final String[] mFortuneBox = resources.getStringArray(R.array.emo_fortunes);

将第二个名称更改为不同的名称，如下所示，错误就会消失:

final String[] fortunes = resources.getStringArray(R.array.emo_fortunes);

但是，您仍然没有在任何地方使用数组中的这些财富。实际上，您可以从 Activity 中删除 fortunes 并将其移动到 FortuneBox 类中。不过，这有点棘手，因为您需要知道上下文是什么才能获取其他类中的字符串数组资源。 上下文 是 Activity，因此您需要在创建 FortuneBox 对象时将其作为参数传递。

我建议进行一些轻微的重组。以下是应该适合您的两个文件:

FortuneActivity.java

public class FortuneActivity extends Activity {

    private FortuneBox mFortuneBox;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_fortune);

        mFortuneBox = new FortuneBox(this);

        // Declare our View variables and assign them the Views from the layout file
        final TextView fortuneLabel = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.fortuneTextView);
        Button showFortuneButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.showFortuneButton);
        View.OnClickListener listener = new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                String fortune = mFortuneBox.getFortune();
                // Update the label with dynamic fortune
                fortuneLabel.setText(fortune);
            }
        };
        showFortuneButton.setOnClickListener(listener);

    }
}

FortuneBox.java

public class FortuneBox {

    public String[] mFortunes;

    public FortuneBox(Context context) {
        Resources resources = context.getResources();
        mFortunes = resources.getStringArray(R.array.emo_fortunes);
    }

    // Methods (abilities)
    public String getFortune() {

        String fortune = "";

        // Randomly select a fortune
        Random randomGenerator = new Random();
        int randomNumber = randomGenerator.nextInt(mFortunes.length);

        fortune = mFortunes[randomNumber];

        return fortune;
    }
}