Java 刽子手。如何创建多个按钮和 Action 监听器？

Question

我正在尝试创建一个刽子手游戏，其中每个字母都有一个按钮。我用绝对定位和多个 Action 监听器以困难的方式做到了这一点。有什么办法可以用 for 循环同时完成这两个任务吗？

另外，如何使用多态数组实现我的刽子手？按照我现在的方式，我将为每个肢体使用 if 语句。我宁愿在他自己的面板上创建这个人，然后将每个肢体的可见性设置为 true，因为使用时无法猜测。

感谢任何帮助。

public class HangmanGui extends JFrame{
    private JLabel headerLabel;
    private JPanel man;
    private Graphics gobj;

    private JButton aButton ;
    private JButton bButton ;
    private JButton cButton ;
    private  JButton dButton ;
    private  JButton eButton ;
    private  JButton fButton ;
    private  JButton gButton ;
    private  JButton hButton ;
    private  JButton iButton ;
    private  JButton jButton ;
    private  JButton kButton ;
    private  JButton lButton ;
    private  JButton mButton ;
    private  JButton nButton ;
    private  JButton oButton ;
    private  JButton pButton ;
    private  JButton qButton ;
    private  JButton rButton ;
    private  JButton sButton ;
    private  JButton tButton ;
    private  JButton uButton ;
    private  JButton vButton ;
    private  JButton wButton ;
    private  JButton xButton ;
    private  JButton yButton ;
    private  JButton zButton ;
    private  JButton newWButton ;
    private JButton showWButton ;
    private  JButton quitButton ;
    private  JButton startButton ;

    private JLabel blankWord;

    private JLabel titleWord;

    private JFrame frame;
    private JPanel hangman;
    private FlowLayout layout;
    private Container container;



    /*  
    public static void main (String[] args){
        GUITest gui = new GUITest();

        gui.setSize(800,900);
        gui.setVisible(true);

    }
 */ 
     //
    //   public GUITest()
   //  {



   //  }



    public HangmanGui(){
        buildGui();

    }





    public void buildGui(){
        frame = new JFrame();
        frame.getContentPane().setBackground(Color.WHITE);
        frame.setBackground(Color.WHITE);
        frame.setBounds(100, 100, 450, 600);
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        frame.getContentPane().setLayout(null);
        Font lblFont= new Font("Serif", Font.BOLD, 30); 
         JLabel[] uscore = new JLabel[15];

        Man man = new Man();

        titleWord = new JLabel("A Game of Hangman.");
        titleWord.setBounds(260,10,500,150);
        titleWord.setFont(lblFont);


        add(titleWord);
    //  add(blankWord);
        //frame.add(man);
        this.add(man);
        man.setBounds(100,100,400,400);
        JPanel panel = new JPanel();


        panel.setBounds(6, 232, 400, 400);
        frame.getContentPane().add(panel);



        layout = new FlowLayout();
         container = getContentPane();
         setLayout(null);


         aButton = new JButton("A");

         add(aButton);
         aButton.setBounds(30, 520, 50, 29);
        aButton.addActionListener(
                 new ActionListener()
                 {
                 @Override
                    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
                    {

                    }
                 }
                 );



           bButton = new JButton("B");
         add(bButton);
        bButton.setBounds(80, 520, 50, 29);
        bButton.addActionListener(
                 new ActionListener()
                 {
                 @Override
                    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
                    {

                    }
                 }
                 );
        cButton = new JButton("C");
     add(cButton);
    cButton.setBounds(130, 520, 50, 29);
    cButton.addActionListener(
             new ActionListener()
             {
             @Override
                public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
                {

                }
             }
             );
    dButton = new JButton("D");
     add(dButton);
     dButton.setBounds(180, 520, 50, 29);
    dButton.addActionListener(
             new ActionListener()
             {
             @Override
                public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
                {

                }
             }
             );
       eButton = new JButton("E");
     add(eButton);
    eButton.setBounds(230, 520, 50, 29);
    eButton.addActionListener(
             new ActionListener()
             {
             @Override
                public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
                {

                }
             }
             );
    fButton = new JButton("F");
     add(fButton);
     fButton.setBounds(280, 520, 50, 29);
    fButton.addActionListener(
             new ActionListener()
             {
             @Override
                public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
                {

                }
             }
             );
       gButton = new JButton("G");
     add(gButton);
    gButton.setBounds(330, 520, 50, 29);
    gButton.addActionListener(
             new ActionListener()
             {
             @Override
                public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
                {

                }
             }
             );
    hButton = new JButton("H");
     add(hButton);
     hButton.setBounds(380, 520, 50, 29);
    hButton.addActionListener(
             new ActionListener()
             {
             @Override
                public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
                {

                }
             }
             );
       iButton = new JButton("I");
     add(iButton);
    iButton.setBounds(430, 520, 50, 29);
    iButton.addActionListener(
             new ActionListener()
             {
             @Override
                public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
                {

                }
             }
             );
    jButton = new JButton("J");
     add(jButton);
     jButton.setBounds(480, 520, 50, 29);
    jButton.addActionListener(
             new ActionListener()
             {
             @Override
                public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
                {

                }
             }
             );
       kButton = new JButton("K");
     add(kButton);
    kButton.setBounds(530, 520, 50, 29);
    kButton.addActionListener(
             new ActionListener()
             {
             @Override
                public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
                {

                }
             }
             );
    lButton = new JButton("L");
     add(lButton);
     lButton.setBounds(580, 520, 50, 29);
    lButton.addActionListener(
             new ActionListener()
             {
             @Override
                public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
                {

                }
             }
             );
       mButton = new JButton("M");
     add(mButton);
    mButton.setBounds(630, 520, 50, 29);
    mButton.addActionListener(
             new ActionListener()
             {
             @Override
                public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
                {

                }
             }
             );
    nButton = new JButton("N");
     add(nButton);
     nButton.setBounds(680, 520, 50, 29);
    nButton.addActionListener(
             new ActionListener()
             {
             @Override
                public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
                {

                }
             }
             );
       oButton = new JButton("O");
     add(oButton);
    oButton.setBounds(30, 550, 50, 29);
    oButton.addActionListener(
             new ActionListener()
             {
             @Override
                public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
                {

                }
             }
             );
    pButton = new JButton("P");
     add(pButton);
     pButton.setBounds(80, 550, 50, 29);
    pButton.addActionListener(
             new ActionListener()
             {
             @Override
                public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
                {

                }
             }
             );
       qButton = new JButton("Q");
     add(qButton);
    qButton.setBounds(130, 550, 50, 29);
    qButton.addActionListener(
             new ActionListener()
             {
             @Override
                public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
                {

                }
             }
             );
    rButton = new JButton("R");
     add(rButton);
     rButton.setBounds(180, 550, 50, 29);
    rButton.addActionListener(
             new ActionListener()
             {
             @Override
                public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
                {

                }
             }
             );
       sButton = new JButton("S");
     add(sButton);
    sButton.setBounds(230, 550, 50, 29);
    sButton.addActionListener(
             new ActionListener()
             {
             @Override
                public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
                {

                }
             }
             );
    tButton = new JButton("T");
     add(tButton);
     tButton.setBounds(280, 550, 50, 29);
    tButton.addActionListener(
             new ActionListener()
             {
             @Override
                public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
                {

                }
             }
             );
       uButton = new JButton("U");
     add(uButton);
    uButton.setBounds(330, 550, 50, 29);
    uButton.addActionListener(
             new ActionListener()
             {
             @Override
                public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
                {

                }
             }
             );
    vButton = new JButton("V");
     add(vButton);
     vButton.setBounds(380, 550, 50, 29);
    vButton.addActionListener(
             new ActionListener()
             {
             @Override
                public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
                {

                }
             }
             );
       wButton = new JButton("W");
     add(wButton);
     wButton.setBounds(430, 550, 50, 29);
    wButton.addActionListener(
             new ActionListener()
             {
             @Override
                public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
                {

                }
             }
             );
    xButton = new JButton("X");
     add(xButton);
     xButton.setBounds(480, 550, 50, 29);
    xButton.addActionListener(
             new ActionListener()
             {
             @Override
                public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
                {

                }
             }
             );
       yButton = new JButton("Y");
     add(yButton);
     yButton.setBounds(530, 550, 50, 29);
    yButton.addActionListener(
             new ActionListener()
             {
             @Override
                public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
                {

                }
             }
             );
    zButton = new JButton("Z");
     add(zButton);
     zButton.setBounds(580, 550, 50, 29);
    zButton.addActionListener(
             new ActionListener()
             {
             @Override
                public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
                {

                }
             }
             );

     startButton = new JButton("Start Game");
     add(startButton);
     startButton.setBounds(100, 700, 120, 29);
    startButton.addActionListener(
             new ActionListener()
             {
             @Override
                public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
                {

                }
             }
             );

     newWButton = new JButton("New Word");
     add(newWButton);
     newWButton.setBounds(250, 700, 120, 29);
    newWButton.addActionListener(
             new ActionListener()
             {
             @Override
                public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
                {

                }
             }
             );
     showWButton = new JButton("Show Word");
     add(showWButton);
     showWButton.setBounds(400, 700, 120, 29);
    showWButton.addActionListener(
             new ActionListener()
             {
             @Override
                public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
                {

                }
             }
             );

     quitButton = new JButton("Quit Game");
     add(quitButton);
     quitButton.setBounds(550, 700, 120, 29);
    quitButton.addActionListener(
             new ActionListener()
             {
             @Override
                public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
                {

                }
             }
             );



}

}

import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Color;
import javax.swing.JPanel;


public class Man extends JPanel {

     protected void paintComponent(Graphics g ){
                super.paintComponent(g);


       //gallows
           g.fillRect(10, 250, 150, 20);
           g.fillRect(40,70,10,200);
           g.fillRect(40,70,60,10);
           g.setColor(Color.yellow);
           g.fillRect(95,70,5,25);
          //head
           g.setColor(Color.black);
           g.drawOval(82,95,30,30);

           //body
           g.drawLine(97,125,97,150);
          //left leg
           g.drawLine(97,150,117,183);
           //right leg
          g.drawLine(97,150,77,183);
           // right arm
           g.drawLine(97,125,117,135);
           //left arm
           g.drawLine(97,125,77,135);




}

}

Answer 1

使用布局管理器来管理按钮的大小，不要使用setBounds()。您当前创建了一个但未设置它，因此未使用它。

layout = new FlowLayout();
setLayout(null); // Why set null and not layout

正确设置布局，然后您可以在 for 循环中使用 char ，例如

for(char c = 'A'; c <= 'Z'; c++)
{
    JButton button = new JButton("" + c);
    // add action listener also
    add(button); // adding will add it using the layout manager
}

您可以了解更多关于layout managers here的信息.