java - getBytes ("UTF-8")、getBytes ("windows-1252") 和 getBytes() 之间有什么区别？

Question

我有以下代码，它会产生令人困惑的输出..

import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;

    public class Main {

        String testString = "Moage test String";

        public static void main(String[] args) {
            new Main();
        }

        public Main(){

            System.out.println("Default charset: "+Charset.defaultCharset());
            System.out.println("Teststring: "+testString);
            System.out.println();
            System.out.println("get the byteStreeam of the test String...");
            System.out.println();
            System.out.println("Bytestream with default encoding: ");
            for(int i = 0; i < testString.getBytes().length; i++){
                System.out.print(testString.getBytes()[i]);
            }
            System.out.println();
            System.out.println();
            System.out.println("Bytestream with encoding UTF-8: ");
            try {
                for(int i = 0; i < testString.getBytes("UTF-8").length; i++){
                    System.out.print(testString.getBytes("UTF-8")[i]);
                }
                System.out.println();
                System.out.println();
                System.out.println("Bytestream with encoding windows-1252 (default): ");

                for(int i = 0; i < testString.getBytes("windows-1252").length; i++){
                    System.out.print(testString.getBytes("windows-1252")[i]);
                }

                System.out.println();
                System.out.println();
                System.out.println("Bytestream with encoding UTF-16: ");

                for(int i = 0; i < testString.getBytes("UTF-16").length; i++){
                    System.out.print(testString.getBytes("UTF-16")[i]);
                }

            } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

所以我想看看utf-8编码和windows-1252之间的区别。但当我查看输出时，似乎没有什么区别。只有当我将 windows-1252 与 utf-16 进行 cdompare 时，才会有区别。

输出:

> Default charset: windows-1252 Teststring: Moage test String
> 
> get the byteStreeam of the test String...
> 
> Bytestream with default encoding: 
> 7711197103101321161011151163283116114105110103
> 
> Bytestream with encoding UTF-8: 
> 7711197103101321161011151163283116114105110103
> 
> Bytestream with encoding windows-1252 (default): 
> 7711197103101321161011151163283116114105110103
> 
> Bytestream with encoding UTF-16: 
> -2-1077011109701030101032011601010115011603208301160114010501100103

谁能解释一下为什么utf-8和windows-1252看起来一样？

干杯亚历克斯

Answer 1

这是因为您在测试String中仅使用ASCII字符，在您的情况下是“Moage test String”，请尝试使用特殊例如，诸如 "éèà" 之类的字符，您将看到不同的结果。