sql - 编写 Database.Esqueleto 查询、条件连接和计数

Question

我怎样才能写作Database.Esqueleto以模块化方式进行查询，这样在定义“基本”查询和相应的结果集之后，我可以通过添加额外的内部联接和 where 表达式来限制结果集。

此外，如何将返回实体(或字段元组)列表的基本查询转换为对结果集进行计数的查询，因为基本查询不是这样执行的，而是使用 LIMIT 和 LIMIT 对其进行修改的版本偏移。

以下错误的 Haskell 代码片段采用自 the Yesod Book希望能澄清我的目标。

{-# LANGUAGE QuasiQuotes, TemplateHaskell, TypeFamilies, OverloadedStrings #-}
{-# LANGUAGE GADTs, FlexibleContexts #-}
import qualified Database.Persist as P
import qualified Database.Persist.Sqlite as PS
import Database.Persist.TH
import Control.Monad.IO.Class (liftIO)
import Data.Conduit
import Control.Monad.Logger
import Database.Esqueleto
import Control.Applicative

share [mkPersist sqlSettings, mkMigrate "migrateAll"] [persistLowerCase|
Person
    name String
    age Int Maybe
    deriving Show
BlogPost
    title String
    authorId PersonId
    deriving Show
Comment
    comment String
    blogPostId BlogPostId
|]

main :: IO ()
main = runStdoutLoggingT $ runResourceT $ PS.withSqliteConn ":memory:" $ PS.runSqlConn $ do
    runMigration migrateAll

    johnId <- P.insert $ Person "John Doe" $ Just 35
    janeId <- P.insert $ Person "Jane Doe" Nothing

    jackId <- P.insert $ Person "Jack Black" $ Just 45
    jillId <- P.insert $ Person "Jill Black" Nothing

    blogPostId <- P.insert $ BlogPost "My fr1st p0st" johnId
    P.insert $ BlogPost "One more for good measure" johnId
    P.insert $ BlogPost "Jane's" janeId

    P.insert $ Comment "great!" blogPostId

    let baseQuery = select $ from $ \(p `InnerJoin` b) -> do 
        on (p ^. PersonId ==. b ^. BlogPostAuthorId)
        where_ (p ^. PersonName `like` (val "J%"))
        return (p,b)

    -- Does not compile
    let baseQueryLimited = (,) <$> baseQuery <*> (limit 2)

    -- Does not compile
    let countingQuery = (,) <$> baseQuery <*> (return countRows)

    -- Results in invalid SQL 
    let commentsQuery = (,) <$> baseQuery
                <*> (select $ from $ \(b `InnerJoin` c) -> do
                        on (b ^. BlogPostId ==. c ^. CommentBlogPostId)
                        return ())

    somePosts <- baseQueryLimited
    count <- countingQuery
    withComments <- commentsQuery
    liftIO $ print somePosts
    liftIO $ print ((head count) :: Value Int)
    liftIO $ print withComments
    return ()

Answer 1

查看文档和select的类型:

select :: (...) => SqlQuery a -> SqlPersistT m [r]

很明显，在调用 select 后，我们离开了纯可组合查询 (SqlQuery a) 的世界，并进入了副作用的世界 (SqlPersistT m [ r])。因此，我们只需要在选择之前进行组合即可。

let baseQuery = from $ \(p `InnerJoin` b) -> do 
      on (p ^. PersonId ==. b ^. BlogPostAuthorId)
      where_ (p ^. PersonName `like` (val "J%"))
      return (p,b)

let baseQueryLimited = do r <- baseQuery; limit 2; return r
let countingQuery    = do baseQuery; return countRows

somePosts <- select baseQueryLimited
count     <- select countingQuery

这适用于限制和计数。我还没弄清楚如何进行连接，但看起来应该是可能的。