JavaFX NullPointerException 位置是必需的 NetBeans

Question

这个问题已经有答案了:

How do I determine the correct path for FXML files, CSS files, Images, and other resources needed by my JavaFX Application? (1 个回答)

已关闭 2 年前。

我已经尝试了在堆栈 stackoverflow 上找到的其他任何内容，但我真的不明白为什么这不起作用。我不会向您展示我的应用程序无法正常工作的代码，因为即使在示例项目中它也无法正常工作。那么问题来了:

当我使用示例代码创建新的 JavaFX 应用程序时，该按钮提供单击后打印 hello world 的按钮，当我将其作为桌面应用程序运行以及构建它并在浏览器中启动时，它会起作用。这可以完美地用作桌面和浏览器应用程序

但是当我创建新的 JavaFX FXML 应用程序时，它与上面几乎相同，但阶段是由 fxml 和 css 而不是字节代码定义的。这个应用程序可以完美地用作 Windows 应用程序，但不能用作浏览器应用程序

java.lang.NullPointerException: Location is required.
    at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.loadImpl(Unknown Source)
    at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.loadImpl(Unknown Source)
    at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.loadImpl(Unknown Source)
    at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.loadImpl(Unknown Source)
    at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.loadImpl(Unknown Source)
    at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.load(Unknown Source)
    at javafxapplication3.JavaFXApplication3.start(JavaFXApplication3.java:22)
    at com.sun.javafx.applet.FXApplet2$2.run(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.lambda$null$170(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl$$Lambda$46/15592694.run(Unknown Source)
    at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
    at com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.lambda$runLater$171(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl$$Lambda$45/19532686.run(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.glass.ui.InvokeLaterDispatcher$Future.run(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.glass.ui.win.WinApplication._runLoop(Native Method)
    at com.sun.glass.ui.win.WinApplication.lambda$null$145(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.glass.ui.win.WinApplication$$Lambda$35/9825943.run(Unknown Source)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)
Exception in thread "JavaFX Application Thread" java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.NullPointerException: Location is required.
    at com.sun.javafx.applet.FXApplet2$2.run(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.lambda$null$170(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl$$Lambda$46/15592694.run(Unknown Source)
    at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
    at com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.lambda$runLater$171(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl$$Lambda$45/19532686.run(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.glass.ui.InvokeLaterDispatcher$Future.run(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.glass.ui.win.WinApplication._runLoop(Native Method)
    at com.sun.glass.ui.win.WinApplication.lambda$null$145(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.glass.ui.win.WinApplication$$Lambda$35/9825943.run(Unknown Source)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)
Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException: Location is required.
    at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.loadImpl(Unknown Source)
    at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.loadImpl(Unknown Source)
    at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.loadImpl(Unknown Source)
    at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.loadImpl(Unknown Source)
    at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.loadImpl(Unknown Source)
    at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.load(Unknown Source)
    at javafxapplication3.JavaFXApplication3.start(JavaFXApplication3.java:22)
    ... 11 more

这是工作应用程序的代码:

public class JavaFXApplication4 extends Application {

    @Override
    public void start(Stage primaryStage) {
        Button btn = new Button();
        btn.setText("Say 'Hello World'");
        btn.setOnAction(new EventHandler<ActionEvent>() {

            @Override
            public void handle(ActionEvent event) {
                System.out.println("Hello World!");
            }
        });

        StackPane root = new StackPane();
        root.getChildren().add(btn);

        Scene scene = new Scene(root, 300, 250);

        primaryStage.setTitle("Hello World!");
        primaryStage.setScene(scene);
        primaryStage.show();
    }

    /**
     * @param args the command line arguments
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        launch(args);
    }

此应用程序无法在浏览器中运行并引发异常:

public class JavaFXApplication3 extends Application {

    @Override
    public void start(Stage stage) throws Exception {
        Parent root = FXMLLoader.load(getClass().getResource("FXMLDocument.fxml"));

        Scene scene = new Scene(root);

        stage.setScene(scene);
        stage.show();
    }

    /**
     * @param args the command line arguments
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        launch(args);
    }

}

有人可以帮助我吗？

Answer 1

问题出在这一行:

Parent root = FXMLLoader.load(getClass().getResource("FXMLDocument.fxml"));

很明显，load 方法实际上是用 null 参数调用的。发生这种情况是因为 getResource("/sample/sample.fxml") 无法归档该资源。

运行时类路径上缺少资源(或路径错误)。

Source