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delphi - TXMLDocument.Active := False causes FastMM4 errormessage "FastMM detected that a block has been modified after being freed"

转载 作者:行者123 更新时间:2023-12-01 19:47:50 25 4
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在 FullDebugMode 下使用 Delphi XE8 和 FastMM4(版本 4.992)会产生奇怪的效果。

要重现效果,只需创建一个新的 TForm 应用程序,将 FastMM4 放入 DPR 文件的第一行,在表单上放置一个按钮并将以下代码放入点击处理程序中:

(您需要安装 FastMM 4,必须在 FastMM4Options.inc 文件中启用 FullDebugMode,并且FullDebugMode.dll 必须位于程序的输出文件夹中!)

procedure TForm3.Button4Click(Sender: TObject);
var
dm: tdatamodule;
doc: txmldocument;
begin
//this causes the messagebox to be shown directly after clicking the button.
//without it the box is shown when the program is exited.
FastMM4.FullDebugModeScanMemoryPoolBeforeEveryOperation := true;

//prepare a xml document
dm := tdatamodule.create(nil);
doc := txmldocument.create(dm);
doc.LoadFromXml('<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="yes"?><root/>');

//doc.Active := true; //no need to set active to true. doc is already active at this point!

//the following does matter. ChildNodes needs to be accessed twice!
//doc.DocumentElement.ChildNodes.FindNode('first');
//doc.DocumentElement.ChildNodes.FindNode('second');

//alternative access:
doc.DocumentElement.ChildNodes.count; //first access to ChildNodes
doc.DocumentElement.ChildNodes.count; //second access to ChildNodes

//this does matter. if doc stays active then there is no problem!
doc.Active := false; //active needs to be set to false!

//doc.free; //doesn't matter if doc is freed manually. doc will be freed when datamodule is freed. problem occurs either way.
dm.free;
end;

当您单击该按钮时,FastMM4 将显示一个大消息框,其中包含以下报告:

FastMM has detected an error during a free block scan operation. FastMM detected that a block has been modified after being freed. 

Modified byte offsets (and lengths): 80(1)

The previous block size was: 228

This block was previously allocated by thread 0xC74, and the stack trace (return addresses) at the time was:
406C46 [System.pas][System][@GetMem$qqri][4565]
407A73 [System.pas][System][TObject.NewInstance$qqrv][15975]
5DF25D [Xml.XMLDoc.pas][Xml.XMLDoc][Xmldoc.TXMLDocument.NewInstance$qqrv][2368]
408202 [System.pas][System][@ClassCreate$qqrpvzc][17290]
5DF116 [Xml.XMLDoc.pas][Xml.XMLDoc][Xmldoc.TXMLDocument.$bctr$qqrp25System.Classes.TComponent][2344]
5E2094 [Unit3.pas][Unit3][TForm3.Button4Click$qqrp14System.TObject][47]
407E6F [System.pas][System][@IsClass$qqrxp14System.TObjectp17System.TMetaClass][16465]
51EB39 [Vcl.Controls.pas][Vcl.Controls][Controls.TControl.Click$qqrv][7361]
535CF3 [Vcl.StdCtrls.pas][Vcl.StdCtrls][Stdctrls.TCustomButton.Click$qqrv][5327]
536801 [Vcl.StdCtrls.pas][Vcl.StdCtrls][Stdctrls.TCustomButton.CNCommand$qqrr26Winapi.Messages.TWMCommand][5788]
51E5C8 [Vcl.Controls.pas][Vcl.Controls][Controls.TControl.WndProc$qqrr24Winapi.Messages.TMessage][7245]

The block was previously used for an object of class: TXMLDocument

The allocation number was: 650

The block was previously freed by thread 0xC74, and the stack trace (return addresses) at the time was:
406C62 [System.pas][System][@FreeMem$qqrpv][4613]
407A91 [System.pas][System][TObject.FreeInstance$qqrv][15984]
40824D [System.pas][System][@ClassDestroy$qqrxp14System.TObject][17333]
5DF241 [Xml.XMLDoc.pas][Xml.XMLDoc][Xmldoc.TXMLDocument.$bdtr$qqrv][2363]
4C3661 [System.Classes.pas][System.Classes][Classes.TComponent.DestroyComponents$qqrv][15648]
4C3100 [System.Classes.pas][System.Classes][Classes.TComponent.$bdtr$qqrv][15445]
4C5543 [System.Classes.pas][System.Classes][Classes.TDataModule.$bdtr$qqrv][16694]
407B97 [System.pas][System][TObject.Free$qqrv][16052]
5E20F2 [Unit3.pas][Unit3][TForm3.Button4Click$qqrp14System.TObject][63]
51EB39 [Vcl.Controls.pas][Vcl.Controls][Controls.TControl.Click$qqrv][7361]
535CF3 [Vcl.StdCtrls.pas][Vcl.StdCtrls][Stdctrls.TCustomButton.Click$qqrv][5327]

The current thread ID is 0xC74, and the stack trace (return addresses) leading to this error is:
416526 [fastmm4.pas][FastMM4][InternalScanMemoryPool$qqruiui][10018]
416601 [fastmm4.pas][FastMM4][ScanMemoryPoolForCorruptions$qqrv][10092]
4161DF [fastmm4.pas][FastMM4][DebugFreeMem$qqrpv][9761]
406C62 [System.pas][System][@FreeMem$qqrpv][4613]
407A91 [System.pas][System][TObject.FreeInstance$qqrv][15984]
40824D [System.pas][System][@ClassDestroy$qqrxp14System.TObject][17333]
407B8A [System.pas][System][TObject.$bdtr$qqrv][16044]
40D5DD [System.pas][System][TInterfacedObject._Release$qqsv][37311]
40D4B7 [System.pas][System][@IntfClear$qqrr44System.%DelphiInterface$17System.IInterface%][36327]
40B189 [System.pas][System][@FinalizeArray$qqrpvt1ui][31704]
40B079 [System.pas][System][@FinalizeRecord$qqrpvt1][31407]

Current memory dump of 256 bytes starting at pointer address 7EA18B60:
98 72 5F 00 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80
80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80
80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 7F 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80
80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80
80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80
80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80
80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80
80 80 80 80 BD 4A 52 7A 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
˜ r _ . € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € €
€ € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € €
€ € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € €
€ € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € €
€ € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € €
€ € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € €
€ € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € €
€ € € € ½ J R z € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € € . . . . . . . .

如果我们正确解释这一点,那么 FastMM 告诉我们,TXMLDocument 对象的内存释放后已被修改。

“一些代码”似乎在 TXMLDocument 的内存块中所有这些 $80 的中间写入了 $7F已经被释放了。

仅当 ChildNodes 被访问两次 (!) 并且 TXMLDocument 的 Active 属性设置为 false 时,才会发生这种情况在对象被释放之前!

问题:

有人可以解释一下这是怎么回事吗?

  • 将 TXMLDocument.Active 设置为 false 通常被认为是错误或“不好”吗? (已知它会引起问题吗?)

  • 我们在这里犯了其他错误吗?

  • 这是 FastMM4 中的问题吗?

  • 这是 TXMLDocument 中的问题吗?

额外观察:

如果释放 TXMLDocument 时未将 active 设置为 false,则没有问题。

如果我们查看 TXMLDocument 的析构函数,我们会发现之前有一些附加代码active 设置为 false :

destructor TXMLDocument.Destroy;
begin
Destroying;
if FOwnerIsComponent and Active and Assigned(FDocumentNode) and (FRefCount > 1) then //additional code
(FDocumentNode as IXMLNodeAccess).ClearDocumentRef; //additional code
SetActive(False);
FreeAndNil(FXMLStrings);
inherited;
end;

现在,如果我们修改自己的示例代码并调用

(FDocumentNode as IXMLNodeAccess).ClearDocumentRef; 

在将active设置为false之前,问题就消失了!

代码看起来像这样:

type
TMyXMLDocument = class(TXMLDocument);

procedure TForm3.Button4Click(Sender: TObject);
var
dm: tdatamodule;
doc: txmldocument;
begin
FastMM4.FullDebugModeScanMemoryPoolBeforeEveryOperation := true;

dm := tdatamodule.create(nil);
doc := txmldocument.create(dm);
doc.LoadFromXml('<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="yes"?><root/>');

doc.DocumentElement.ChildNodes.count;
doc.DocumentElement.ChildNodes.count;

(TMyXMLDocument(doc).GetDocumentElement as IXMLNodeAccess).ClearDocumentRef; //<-- with this additional hack the problem is gone!

doc.Active := false; //no more problem!

dm.free;
end;

最佳答案

当调用返回接口(interface)的方法/函数时,编译器会隐式生成变量来放入这些结果。它们一直存在到方法结束,然后被最终确定/清除。

在您的情况下,doc.DocumentElement.ChildNodes 执行 2 个返回接口(interface)的方法调用。现在,当您销毁 TXMLDocument 实例时,这些隐式变量仍然指向某些内存,并且由于编译器生成的代码调用 IntfClear 时进行 _Release 调用,它们会调用一些方法,这些方法不再有对象 - FastMM 能够跟踪并报告该情况。

所以这个提到的调用被翻译成这样:

var
...
nodes1: IXMLNodeList;
node1: IXMLNode;
nodes2: IXMLNodeList;
node2: IXMLNode;
begin
...

node1 := doc.DocumentElement;
nodes1 := node1.ChildNodes;
nodes1.count;
node2 := doc.DocumentElement;
nodes2 := node2.ChildNodes;
nodes2.count;

dm.free;

nodes1 := nil;
node1 := nil;
nodes2 := nil;
node2 := nil; // <- boom

在许多情况下,如果不使用 FastMM,则不会出现此错误,除非之前释放的内存没有被重新用于其他分配,从而导致奇怪的 AV。

经验法则:不要销毁同一范围内的某些接口(interface)引用的实例,因为这可能会导致隐式创建的接口(interface)变量仍然指向它们。

关于delphi - TXMLDocument.Active := False causes FastMM4 errormessage "FastMM detected that a block has been modified after being freed",我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/51422248/

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