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email - SPF、DKIM 和 DMARC 都已设置，但 dmarc-reports 一直在说相反的

转载 作者：行者123 更新时间：2023-12-01 19:37:16 31 4
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我(再次)对电子邮件失去了理智。

我有一个 Kimsufi/OVH(Debian Wheezy 7.10)服务器。我已经设置了 postfix 和 dovecot。

我的主域/主机名是 mywebsite.fr，我正在使用 mywebsite.fr 上设置的 mywebsite.fr。

我在两个域的 dns 区域中设置了 spf、dkim 和 dmarc 条目。从 contact[at]mywebsite[dot]fr 和 no-reply[at]mywebsite[dot]fr，我运行的所有测试都很好:

1) auth-resultats@verifier.port25.com

The Port25 Solutions, Inc. team

==========================================================
 Summary of Results
==========================================================
SPF check:          pass
DomainKeys check:   neutral
DKIM check:         pass
SpamAssassin check: ham

==========================================================
Details:
==========================================================

HELO hostname:  mywebsite.fr
Source IP:      91.121.166.194
mail-from:      contact@mywebsite.fr

----------------------------------------------------------
SPF check details:
----------------------------------------------------------
Result:         pass
ID(s) verified: smtp.mailfrom=contact@mywebsite.fr
DNS record(s):
    mywebsite.fr. SPF (no records)
    mywebsite.fr. 6055 IN TXT "v=spf1 a mx include:mx.ovh.com ~all"
    mywebsite.fr. 6054 IN A 91.121.166.194

----------------------------------------------------------
DomainKeys check details:
----------------------------------------------------------
Result:         neutral (message not signed)
ID(s) verified: header.From=contact@mywebsite.fr
DNS record(s):

----------------------------------------------------------
DKIM check details:
----------------------------------------------------------
Result:         pass (matches From: contact@mywebsite.fr)
ID(s) verified: header.d=mywebsite.fr

2) dmarcian.com 
https://dmarcian.com/dmarc-inspector/mywebsite.fr
All seems good

3) dkimvalidator.com 
DKIM Information:

DKIM Signature

Message contains this DKIM Signature:
DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=mywebsite.fr;
    s=mail; t=1491673268;
    bh=g3zLYH4xKxcPrHOD18z9YfpQcnk/GaJedfustWU5uGs=;
    h=Date:From:To:Subject:From;
    b=CScyX9ZvWCDL6FGLroXZi/8dFiWmgPbKwcTuSZqPuCHBOR4tv4QdGzxgZ3acWf6AP
     AwAt3Y2h+9IHeayu8mT2rl2Bz3E3XbMC6waEHoc645sAOq1nV9l8hAuw73hm6YsvXU
     QEAgcDIaD8b5fAXoX99rGkSfD6Rx5ygeuJOs0MzZcxnOzaJM+6mvOzusep4PRv0XvG
     eEJYYwL2sNd0qEJSLJ666fhvE781qtwnWaUewlceSgek5bnJ1DVEOsLkcl3uwTabau
     PsLZm9SPuqsc+aDRTTNNRKuI2noO1/w3M6XWfZxpYPIeoxwNnflWxP0s9O6+UbhsCJ
     PJbZeYVATVFKYKjFJlbwAqPMMmJAiqSWzsXvT06/P/Qw70nT5Q9qK1FI8Uu9NRFhWe
     g+35wx03zNG5OMgKzKsv9qH06qccBsbfhHXKm63YkxLDhO+2AtdicdWqrMlZQap7V0
     CC4VyTCNLZdOASWdLJdh8JDsY2TXNU/Pcpxw0uSf0BigY/0q3qj5O7GRzzSLG1rKz0
     +HpvDql/PpsscXt16URaOtO7/rZ6H3EsS1ZkutO5udiwJvoZulraMbI8sQQghR3Yyw
     OZqDardodYdVo1tHzTPQ4MJTEKI+2IO4ulCj7/kJ109xpTYo8+8x3I7Z5Bhmnyui7j
     TIxRT8MCD1sRUOoP7mD/7Pb0=


Signature Information:
v= Version:         1
a= Algorithm:       rsa-sha256
c= Method:          relaxed/relaxed
d= Domain:          mywebsite.fr
s= Selector:        mail
q= Protocol:        
bh=                 g3zLYH4xKxcPrHOD18z9YfpQcnk/GaJedfustWU5uGs=
h= Signed Headers:  Date:From:To:Subject:From
b= Data:            CScyX9ZvWCDL6FGLroXZi/8dFiWmgPbKwcTuSZqPuCHBOR4tv4QdGzxgZ3acWf6AP
     AwAt3Y2h+9IHeayu8mT2rl2Bz3E3XbMC6waEHoc645sAOq1nV9l8hAuw73hm6YsvXU
     QEAgcDIaD8b5fAXoX99rGkSfD6Rx5ygeuJOs0MzZcxnOzaJM+6mvOzusep4PRv0XvG
     eEJYYwL2sNd0qEJSLJ666fhvE781qtwnWaUewlceSgek5bnJ1DVEOsLkcl3uwTabau
     PsLZm9SPuqsc+aDRTTNNRKuI2noO1/w3M6XWfZxpYPIeoxwNnflWxP0s9O6+UbhsCJ
     PJbZeYVATVFKYKjFJlbwAqPMMmJAiqSWzsXvT06/P/Qw70nT5Q9qK1FI8Uu9NRFhWe
     g+35wx03zNG5OMgKzKsv9qH06qccBsbfhHXKm63YkxLDhO+2AtdicdWqrMlZQap7V0
     CC4VyTCNLZdOASWdLJdh8JDsY2TXNU/Pcpxw0uSf0BigY/0q3qj5O7GRzzSLG1rKz0
     +HpvDql/PpsscXt16URaOtO7/rZ6H3EsS1ZkutO5udiwJvoZulraMbI8sQQghR3Yyw
     OZqDardodYdVo1tHzTPQ4MJTEKI+2IO4ulCj7/kJ109xpTYo8+8x3I7Z5Bhmnyui7j
     TIxRT8MCD1sRUOoP7mD/7Pb0=
Public Key DNS Lookup

Building DNS Query for mail._domainkey.mywebsite.fr
Retrieved this publickey from DNS: v=DKIM1; k=rsa;p=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
Validating Signature

result = pass
Details: 

SPF Information:

Using this information that I obtained from the headers

Helo Address = mywebsite.fr
From Address = contact@mywebsite.fr
From IP      = 91.121.166.194
SPF Record Lookup

Looking up TXT SPF record for mywebsite.fr
Found the following namesevers for mywebsite.fr: ns.kimsufi.com nsXXXXXX.ip-91-XXX-166.eu
Retrieved this SPF Record: zone updated 20170408 (TTL = 46739)
using authoritative server (ns.kimsufi.com) directly for SPF Check
Result: pass (Mechanism 'a' matched)

Result code: pass
Local Explanation: mywebsite.fr: 91.121.166.194 is authorized to use 'contact@mywebsite.fr' in 'mfrom' identity (mechanism 'a' matched)
spf_header = Received-SPF: pass (mywebsite.fr: 91.121.166.194 is authorized to use 'contact@mywebsite.fr' in 'mfrom' identity (mechanism 'a' matched)) receiver=ip-172-31-3-128.us-west-1.compute.internal; identity=mailfrom; envelope-from="contact@mywebsite.fr"; helo=mywebsite.fr; client-ip=91.121.166.194

等等等等等等。

一切似乎都很好，我发送电子邮件的所有邮件测试人员都在说“10/10，你很高兴成为 friend ”。

问题是，我收到了 dmarc 报告，但它们并不好。
例如，来自雅虎的最新日期: 
<?xml version="1.0"?>   
<feedback>  
  <report_metadata> 
    <org_name>Yahoo! Inc.</org_name>    
    <email>postmaster@dmarc.yahoo.com</email>   
    <report_id>1491615950.716847</report_id>    
    <date_range>    
      <begin>1491523200</begin> 
      <end>1491609599 </end>    
    </date_range>   
  </report_metadata>    
  <policy_published>    
    <domain>mywebsite.fr</domain>   
    <adkim>r</adkim>    
    <aspf>r</aspf>  
    <p>none</p> 
    <pct>100</pct>  
  </policy_published>   
  <record>  
    <row>   
      <source_ip>91.121.166.194</source_ip> 
      <count>1</count>  
      <policy_evaluated>    
        <disposition>none</disposition> 
        <dkim>fail</dkim>   
        <spf>fail</spf> 
      </policy_evaluated>   
    </row>  
    <identifiers>   
      <header_from>mywebsite.fr</header_from>   
    </identifiers>  
    <auth_results>  
      <dkim>    
        <domain>mywebsite.fr</domain>   
        <result>permerror</result>  
      </dkim>   
      <spf> 
        <domain>mywebsite.fr</domain>   
        <result>pass</result>   
      </spf>    
    </auth_results> 
  </record> 
</feedback>

最后来自 google.com 的日期: 
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<feedback>
  <report_metadata>
    <org_name>google.com</org_name>
    <email>noreply-dmarc-support@google.com</email>
    <extra_contact_info>https://support.google.com/a/answer/2466580</extra_contact_info>
    <report_id>14868783784049997701</report_id>
    <date_range>
      <begin>1491523200</begin>
      <end>1491609599</end>
    </date_range>
  </report_metadata>
  <policy_published>
    <domain>mywebsite.fr</domain>
    <adkim>r</adkim>
    <aspf>r</aspf>
    <p>none</p>
    <sp>none</sp>
    <pct>100</pct>
  </policy_published>
  <record>
    <row>
      <source_ip>2001:41d0:1:e7c2::1</source_ip>
      <count>1</count>
      <policy_evaluated>
        <disposition>none</disposition>
        <dkim>fail</dkim>
        <spf>fail</spf>
      </policy_evaluated>
    </row>
    <identifiers>
      <header_from>mywebsite.fr</header_from>
    </identifiers>
    <auth_results>
      <dkim>
        <domain>mywebsite.fr</domain>
        <result>fail</result>
        <selector>mail</selector>
      </dkim>
      <spf>
        <domain>mywebsite.fr</domain>
        <result>softfail</result>
      </spf>
    </auth_results>
  </record>
  <record>
    <row>
      <source_ip>2001:41d0:1:e7c2::1</source_ip>
      <count>1</count>
      <policy_evaluated>
        <disposition>none</disposition>
        <dkim>pass</dkim>
        <spf>fail</spf>
      </policy_evaluated>
    </row>
    <identifiers>
      <header_from>mywebsite.fr</header_from>
    </identifiers>
    <auth_results>
      <dkim>
        <domain>mywebsite.fr</domain>
        <result>pass</result>
        <selector>mail</selector>
      </dkim>
      <spf>
        <domain>mywebsite.fr</domain>
        <result>pass</result>
      </spf>
    </auth_results>
  </record>
</feedback>

我迷路了，除了已经设定的之外，我不知道该怎么做。不要犹豫，问我更多信息，如果它可以帮助。谢谢...

最佳答案

无论如何，从其他测试人员那里查看您的结果，看起来您正在使用 4096 DKIM，它生成的 key 大小超过 512 字节。将您的 DKIM 大小降低到 2048，我认为您的问题会随着 DKIM 故障而消失。我看到了许多大 key 导致 DKIM 失败的实例。

此外，谷歌的结果显示一个 ipv6 地址作为源 IP，我有一种感觉谷歌可能被窃听，即可能没有正确地进行关于 a 的 SPF 查找。和 aaaa记录，您应该添加 ip6:2001:41d0:1:e7c2::1到您的 SPF，看看是否可以解决 Google 的 SPF 故障。

理论上，当 ESP 接收到 ipv6 IP 时，他们应该查找 aaaa如果 a，则记录 SPF被指定为一种机制和 a如果指定了 IPv4”

关于email - SPF、DKIM 和 DMARC 都已设置，但 dmarc-reports 一直在说相反的，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/43298408/

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