java - 在java中模拟类变量值的问题

Question

我有一个类，它的私有(private)类变量初始化如下

public class MyClass{

    private BusinessObject businessObject = BusinessObjectGenerator.getBusinessObject();

    public MyClass(){

    }

    public Object myMethodToTest(){
    return businessObject.getObject();
    }
}

现在，我正在尝试对 myMethodToTest 进行单元测试，我想发送一个模拟对象来代替 businessObject。我使用mockito进行模拟，并使用spy(new MyClass())进行部分模拟，但在模拟获取businessObject的调用时遇到问题。1.是否可以模拟对businessObject的调用？如果是这样怎么办？2. 如何重构此代码以在编写单元测试时提供帮助。任何指向此的资源都会有很大帮助。

谢谢!

Answer 1

要正确重构此代码，您需要:

private BusinessObject businessObject;

public void setBusinessObject(BusinessObject instance) {
    businessObject = instance;
}

private BusinessObject getBusinessObject() {
    if (businessObject == null) {
        // represents existing implementation in original code sample
        businessObject = BusinessObjectGenerator.getBusinessObject();
    }
    return businessObject;
}

/* rest of your code */

现在您可以在测试站点将您的模拟注入(inject)到类中。

我建议使用像Guice这样的框架进行依赖注入(inject)来做到这一点。 。这将值得您花时间。