node.js - 如何解决错误 gypgyp ERR!ERR!发现 VSfind VS msvs_version 未从命令行或 npm 配置设置？

Question

我想运行这个项目:https://github.com/adonis-china/adonis-adminify

当我运行npm install时，存在错误:

> sqlite3@3.1.13 install C:\laragon\www\adonis-admin\node_modules\sqlite3
> node-pre-gyp install --fallback-to-build

node-pre-gyp ERR! Tried to download(403): https://mapbox-node-binary.s3.amazonaws.com/sqlite3/v3.1.13/node-v64-win32-x64.tar.gz
node-pre-gyp ERR! Pre-built binaries not found for sqlite3@3.1.13 and node@10.15.0 (node-v64 ABI) (falling back to source compile with node-gyp)
node-pre-gyp ERR! Tried to download(undefined): https://mapbox-node-binary.s3.amazonaws.com/sqlite3/v3.1.13/node-v64-win32-x64.tar.gz
node-pre-gyp ERR! Pre-built binaries not found for sqlite3@3.1.13 and node@10.15.0 (node-v64 ABI) (falling back to source compile with node-gyp)
gyp ERR! gypfind VS
 gyp ERR!ERR!  find VSfind VS
 msvs_version not set from command line or npm config
gypgyp  ERR!ERR!  find VSfind VS msvs_version not set from command line or npm config
 VCINSTALLDIR not set, not running in VS Command Prompt
gyp gypERR! ERR!  find VSfind VS VCINSTALLDIR not set, not running in VS Command Prompt
gyp checking VS2019 (16.2.29230.47) found at:
 gypERR!  find VSERR! checking VS2019 (16.2.29230.47) found at:
gyp  find VS "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Professional"
ERR!gyp find VS ERR! "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Professional"
 gypfind VS ERR! - "Visual Studio C++ core features" missing
gyp  ERR!find VS  - "Visual Studio C++ core features" missing
find VSgyp could not find a version of Visual Studio 2017 or newer to use
 gypERR!  ERR!find VS  could not find a version of Visual Studio 2017 or newer to use
find VS looking for Visual Studio 2015
gyp gyp ERR!ERR!  find VSfind VS looking for Visual Studio 2015
 - not found
gyp gyp ERR!ERR!  find VSfind VS - not found
 not looking for VS2013 as it is only supported up to Node.js 8
gyp ERR!gyp  ERR!find VS find VS not looking for VS2013 as it is only supported up to Node.js 8

gyp gypERR!  ERR!find VS
 gypfind VS  **************************************************************
gypERR!  ERR!find VS find VS **************************************************************
 You need to install the latest version of Visual Studio
gypgyp ERR!  ERR!find VS find VS You need to install the latest version of Visual Studio
 including the "Desktop development with C++" workload.
gypgyp  ERR!ERR! find VS find VS including the "Desktop development with C++" workload.
 For more information consult the documentation at:
gyp ERR!gyp find VS  For more information consult the documentation at:
ERR!gyp  ERR! find VSfind VS https://github.com/nodejs/node-gyp#on-windows
 https://github.com/nodejs/node-gyp#on-windows
gyp gyp ERR!ERR! find VS  **************************************************************
find VSgyp **************************************************************
 gypERR! find VS
ERR! find VS
gyp gypERR!  ERR!configure error
 configure errorgyp
 ERR! stackgyp Error: Could not find any Visual Studio installation to use
 gypERR!  stackERR! Error: Could not find any Visual Studio installation to use
 stackgyp      at VisualStudioFinder.fail (C:\Users\Chelsea\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\npm\node_modules\node-gyp\lib\find-visualstudio.js:121:47)
ERR!gyp stack      at VisualStudioFinder.fail (C:\Users\Chelsea\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\npm\node_modules\node-gyp\lib\find-visualstudio.js:121:47)
ERR! gypstack      at findVisualStudio2013 (C:\Users\Chelsea\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\npm\node_modules\node-gyp\lib\find-visualstudio.js:74:16)
gypERR!  ERR!stack      at findVisualStudio2013 (C:\Users\Chelsea\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\npm\node_modules\node-gyp\lib\find-visualstudio.js:74:16)
stack     at VisualStudioFinder.findVisualStudio2013 (C:\Users\Chelsea\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\npm\node_modules\node-gyp\lib\find-visualstudio.js:344:14)
gypgyp ERR! stack     at findVisualStudio2015 (C:\Users\Chelsea\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\npm\node_modules\node-gyp\lib\find-visualstudio.js:70:14)
 gypERR!  ERR! stackstack     at regSearchKeys (C:\Users\Chelsea\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\npm\node_modules\node-gyp\lib\find-visualstudio.js:365:16)
     at VisualStudioFinder.findVisualStudio2013 (C:\Users\Chelsea\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\npm\node_modules\node-gyp\lib\find-visualstudio.js:344:14)
gyp gypERR!  ERR!stack stack     at regGetValue (C:\Users\Chelsea\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\npm\node_modules\node-gyp\lib\util.js:54:7)
     at findVisualStudio2015 (C:\Users\Chelsea\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\npm\node_modules\node-gyp\lib\find-visualstudio.js:70:14)
gypgyp  ERR!ERR!  stackstack     at C:\Users\Chelsea\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\npm\node_modules\node-gyp\lib\util.js:33:16
gyp     at regSearchKeys (C:\Users\Chelsea\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\npm\node_modules\node-gyp\lib\find-visualstudio.js:365:16)
 gyp ERR! ERR!stack     at ChildProcess.exithandler (child_process.js:301:5)
 gypstack      at regGetValue (C:\Users\Chelsea\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\npm\node_modules\node-gyp\lib\util.js:54:7)
ERR! gypstack     at ChildProcess.emit (events.js:182:13)
 gypERR! ERR!  stack     at C:\Users\Chelsea\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\npm\node_modules\node-gyp\lib\util.js:33:16
stack     at maybeClose (internal/child_process.js:962:16)
gyp gypERR! ERR!  System Windows_NT 10.0.17134
stackgyp     at ChildProcess.exithandler (child_process.js:301:5)
 ERR!gyp  commandERR! "C:\\Program Files\\nodejs\\node.exe" "C:\\Users\\Chelsea\\AppData\\Roaming\\npm\\node_modules\\npm\\node_modules\\node-gyp\\bin\\node-gyp.js" "configure" "--fallback-to-build" "--module=C:\\laragon\\www\\adonis-admin\\node_modules\\sqlite3\\lib\\binding\\node-v64-win32-x64\\node_sqlite3.node" "--module_name=node_sqlite3" "--module_path=C:\\laragon\\www\\adonis-admin\\node_modules\\sqlite3\\lib\\binding\\node-v64-win32-x64" "--python=C:\\Users\\Chelsea\\.windows-build-tools\\python27\\python.exe"
 gypstack     at ChildProcess.emit (events.js:182:13)
 gypERR!  ERR!cwd C:\laragon\www\adonis-admin\node_modules\sqlite3
 gypstack ERR!     at maybeClose (internal/child_process.js:962:16)
 node -v v10.15.0
gypgyp  ERR!ERR!  Systemnode-gyp -v Windows_NT 10.0.17134
 v5.0.3
gypgyp  ERR!ERR! command  "C:\\Program Files\\nodejs\\node.exe" "C:\\Users\\Chelsea\\AppData\\Roaming\\npm\\node_modules\\npm\\node_modules\\node-gyp\\bin\\node-gyp.js" "configure" "--fallback-to-build" "--module=C:\\laragon\\www\\adonis-admin\\node_modules\\sqlite3\\lib\\binding\\node-v64-win32-x64\\node_sqlite3.node" "--module_name=node_sqlite3" "--module_path=C:\\laragon\\www\\adonis-admin\\node_modules\\sqlite3\\lib\\binding\\node-v64-win32-x64" "--python=C:\\Users\\Chelsea\\.windows-build-tools\\python27\\python.exe"
not okgyp
 ERR! cwd C:\laragon\www\adonis-admin\node_modules\sqlite3
gyp ERR! node -v v10.15.0
gyp ERR! node-gyp -v v5.0.3
gyp ERR! not ok
node-pre-gyp ERR! build error
node-pre-gyp ERR! stack Error: Failed to execute 'C:\Program Files\nodejs\node.exe C:\Users\Chelsea\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\npm\node_modules\node-gyp\bin\node-gyp.js configure --fallback-to-build --module=C:\laragon\www\adonis-admin\node_modules\sqlite3\lib\binding\node-v64-win32-x64\node_sqlite3.node --module_name=node_sqlite3 --module_path=C:\laragon\www\adonis-admin\node_modules\sqlite3\lib\binding\node-v64-win32-x64 --python=C:\Users\Chelsea\.windows-build-tools\python27\python.exe' (1)
node-pre-gyp ERR! stack     at ChildProcess.<anonymous> (C:\laragon\www\adonis-admin\node_modules\sqlite3\node_modules\node-pre-gyp\lib\util\compile.js:83:29)
node-pre-gyp ERR! stack     at ChildProcess.emit (events.js:182:13)
node-pre-gyp ERR! stack     at maybeClose (internal/child_process.js:962:16)
node-pre-gyp ERR! stack     at Process.ChildProcess._handle.onexit (internal/child_process.js:251:5)
node-pre-gyp ERR! System Windows_NT 10.0.17134
node-pre-gyp ERR! command "C:\\Program Files\\nodejs\\node.exe" "C:\\laragon\\www\\adonis-admin\\node_modules\\sqlite3\\node_modules\\node-pre-gyp\\bin\\node-pre-gyp" "install" "--fallback-to-build"
node-pre-gyp ERR! cwd C:\laragon\www\adonis-admin\node_modules\sqlite3
node-pre-gyp ERR! node -v v10.15.0
node-pre-gyp ERR! node-pre-gyp -v v0.6.38
node-pre-gyp ERR! not ok
Failed to execute 'C:\Program Files\nodejs\node.exe C:\Users\Chelsea\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\npm\node_modules\node-gyp\bin\node-gyp.js configure --fallback-to-build --module=C:\laragon\www\adonis-admin\node_modules\sqlite3\lib\binding\node-v64-win32-x64\node_sqlite3.node --module_name=node_sqlite3 --module_path=C:\laragon\www\adonis-admin\node_modules\sqlite3\lib\binding\node-v64-win32-x64 --python=C:\Users\Chelsea\.windows-build-tools\python27\python.exe' (1)
npm WARN optional SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: fsevents@1.2.9 (node_modules\fsevents):
npm WARN notsup SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: Unsupported platform for fsevents@1.2.9: wanted {"os":"darwin","arch":"any"} (current: {"os":"win32","arch":"x64"})

npm ERR! code ELIFECYCLE
npm ERR! errno 1
npm ERR! sqlite3@3.1.13 install: `node-pre-gyp install --fallback-to-build`
npm ERR! Exit status 1
npm ERR!
npm ERR! Failed at the sqlite3@3.1.13 install script.
npm ERR! This is probably not a problem with npm. There is likely additional logging output above.

npm ERR! A complete log of this run can be found in:
npm ERR!     C:\Users\Chelsea\AppData\Roaming\npm-cache\_logs\2019-09-10T22_53_41_072Z-debug.log

如何解决该错误？

Answer 1

TL;DR

使用Visual Studio Installer获得使用 C++ 进行桌面开发 workload在您计算机上安装的Visual Studio版本之一中:

原因/详细信息

仔细阅读日志，主要错误是这样的:

msvs_version not set from command line or npm config

在此之后，您会发现其中一些:

"Visual Studio C++ core features" missing

之后:

You need to install the latest version of Visual Studio including the "Desktop development with C++" workload.

For more information consult the documentation at:

VS https://github.com/nodejs/node-gyp#on-windows

最后:

Could not find any Visual Studio installation to use

所以要解决这个问题，你只需要获得“用C++进行桌面开发”的工作量即可。

如果您安装了 Visual Studio 版本

1. 打开Visual Studio 安装程序(Win + 搜索它)
2. 在显示的 PC 上所有 Visual Studio 安装的列表中，按其中一个(最好是最新版本)的修改按钮
3. 在工作负载网格/列表中，选中使用 C++ 进行桌面开发复选框
4. 按安装按钮之一

gyp 然后会找到该版本并使用它:

gyp info find Python using Python version 3.8.1 found at "C:\Users\USER\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\python.exe"

gyp info find VS using VS2019 (16.4.29709.97) found at:

gyp info find VS "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\

未安装 Visual Studio

以下解决方案假设您有 node安装。免责声明:我没有测试其中任何一个，但我感谢所有报告他们解决此问题的人。

替代方案 0:安装附加软件之前

如kaulshapranav wrote in a couple of comments ，稍微缩短/改写:

windows-build-tools installation log mentions this tools package is deprecated and is already included with node. It corrupts my anaconda installation by installing a separate python 2.7 (...); updating npm version from 6 -> 8 solved the issue.

npm 附带 node ，所以解决方案:更新您的 node/npm 版本。但是，如果您需要保留特定版本，nvm (notice the v)允许在它们之间进行更改:simple tutorial on how to use nvm .

替代方案 1

如Hamid Jolany's answer建议，在 admin shell 上，只需全局安装构建工具包 ( node-gyp README ):

npm i -g windows-build-tools

替代方案 2

Ragavan's idea/answer来自类似的线程:

1. 通过运行 npm config get msvs_version 验证您是否有 VS 构建工具(如果有，请跳到步骤 4 并尝试设置环境变量)
2. 如果未安装，get the VS build tools latest version exe并安装它(Ragavan 的想法是使用 or Microsoft Build Tools 2015 )
3. 运行 npm config set msvs_version 2019 --global (或根据 Ragavan 的想法运行 npm config set msvs_version 2015 --global)
4. 可能可选:将 VCTargetsPath 环境变量(Win + 搜索 var)设置为适当的路径(例如 C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\Microsoft\Portable\v5.0) 或通过以管理员身份运行终端，就像 Ragavan 的 2015 构建工具的想法一样:
   • 设置 VCTargetsPath="C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\Microsoft.Cpp\v4.0\V140"
   • 或在 Powershell 中:$env:VCTargetsPath=C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\Microsoft.Cpp\v4.0\V140

旁注:

• 之前的错误可以通过安装 Microsoft Visual C++ Redistributable for Visual Studio 2015, 2017 and 2019 来解决;
• 您可能还想在安装上述任何内容后重新启动