java - Spring引导2.2.0测试: Configuration error: found multiple declarations of @BootstrapWith

Question

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes=MyApplication.class)
@TestPropertySource(locations = "classpath:test-application.properties")
@WebAppConfiguration
@RestClientTest(Controller.class)
public class MyIntegrationTest {

}

当我运行这个时，我收到以下错误java.lang.IllegalStateException:配置错误:发现测试类有多个@BootstrapWith声明

Answer 1

根本原因是您同时使用了@SpringBootTest和@RestClientTest。
因为它会导致 @BootstrapWith 注解发生冲突。您可以看到下面的图片。

Tip: If you are using JUnit 4, don’t forget to also add@RunWith(SpringRunner.class) to your test, otherwise the annotationswill be ignored. If you are using JUnit 5, there’s no need to add theequivalent @ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class) as @SpringBootTest andthe other @…​Test annotations are already annotated with it.
Reference: https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/reference/html/features.html#features.testing

如果您的测试用例很简单，您可以引用使用@RestClientTest的示例here .

就我而言，我定义了一些与测试服务相关的复杂配置(例如:jpaAuditingHandler、jpaMappingContext，...)。这就是我使用 @SpringBootTest 进行自动配置的原因。

这是我的代码示例:

@SpringBootTest
class MyTest {

    @Autowired
    private MyProperties myProperties;

    @Autowired
    private MyService myService;

    private MockRestServiceServer server;

    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("restTemplateBean1")
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @BeforeEach
    void setUp() {
        server = MockRestServiceServer.createServer(restTemplate);
    }

    @Test
    void testCallRestServiceSuccess() throws Exception {
        this.server.expect(requestTo(myProperties.getUrl())).andRespond(withStatus(HttpStatus.OK));

        boolean result = myService.callRestService();
        assertThat(result).isTrue();
    }
}

其他一些引用:

• MockRestResponseCreators javadoc:https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/current/javadoc-api/org/springframework/test/web/client/response/MockRestResponseCreators.html
• https://www.baeldung.com/restclienttest-in-spring-boot