java - driver.get(URL)、driver.navigate().to(URL) 和 driver.navigate().back() 不起作用

Question

我正在尝试获取此亚马逊页面中列出的每台笔记本电脑的图像 URL ( https://www.amazon.com/s?rh=n%3A565108%2Cp_72%3A4-&pf_rd_i=565108&pf_rd_p=b2e34a42-7eb2-50c2-8561-292e13c797df&pf_rd_r=E87FK4Z32CV7VPR4EZGP&pf_rd_s=merchandised-search-11&pf_rd_t=BROWSE&ref=Oct_s9_apbd_otopr_hd_bw_b2N0e_S )。

该方法应该单击每个正在销售的列表，使用 driver.findElement(By.xpath(namesXpath)).getAttribute("src") 获取图像 URL 并将其保存到 URL 列表中。 。但是，当我尝试让驱动程序返回到包含所有笔记本电脑列表的页面，以便它可以继续通过 for 循环并获取其他列表的图像时，它给了我以下错误。我尝试过 driver.get(URL)、driver.navigate().to(URL) 和 driver.navigate().back() 但它们都无法带我回到上一页。

奇怪的是，在我的主要方法中， driver.get("https://amazon.com ") 工作正常， driver.findElement(by.xpath).click() 也工作正常。正是在这个方法中它崩溃了。

我是 s=java 和 selenium 的新手，所以我希望这一切都有意义。任何帮助，将不胜感激。如果您需要更多说明，请告诉我

Exception in thread "main" org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException: no such element: Unable to locate element: {"method":"xpath","selector":"//img [@id="detailImg"]"}
  (Session info: chrome=81.0.4044.138)
For documentation on this error, please visit: https://www.seleniumhq.org/exceptions/no_such_element.html
Build info: version: '3.141.59', revision: 'e82be7d358', time: '2018-11-14T08:25:48'
System info: host: 'DESKTOP-AU2FJQL', ip: '192.168.0.245', os.name: 'Windows 10', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '10.0', java.version: '1.8.0_251'
Driver info: org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver
Capabilities {acceptInsecureCerts: false, browserName: chrome, browserVersion: 81.0.4044.138, chrome: {chromedriverVersion: 81.0.4044.69 (6813546031a4b..., userDataDir: C:\Users\email\AppData\Loca...}, goog:chromeOptions: {debuggerAddress: localhost:50907}, javascriptEnabled: true, networkConnectionEnabled: false, pageLoadStrategy: normal, platform: WINDOWS, platformName: WINDOWS, proxy: Proxy(), setWindowRect: true, strictFileInteractability: false, timeouts: {implicit: 0, pageLoad: 300000, script: 30000}, unhandledPromptBehavior: dismiss and notify, webauthn:virtualAuthenticators: true}
Session ID: 1fe48e105aae883db4215eba6bb8c06b
*** Element info: {Using=xpath, value=//img [@id="detailImg"]}
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)
    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Unknown Source)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.W3CHttpResponseCodec.createException(W3CHttpResponseCodec.java:187)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.W3CHttpResponseCodec.decode(W3CHttpResponseCodec.java:122)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.W3CHttpResponseCodec.decode(W3CHttpResponseCodec.java:49)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.HttpCommandExecutor.execute(HttpCommandExecutor.java:158)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverCommandExecutor.execute(DriverCommandExecutor.java:83)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:552)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElement(RemoteWebDriver.java:323)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElementByXPath(RemoteWebDriver.java:428)
    at org.openqa.selenium.By$ByXPath.findElement(By.java:353)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElement(RemoteWebDriver.java:315)
    at Executer.picsUpdateList(Executer.java:363)
    at Executer.main(Executer.java:163) 

public static String namesXpath = "//span[@data-a-strike=\"true\" or contains(@class,\"text-strike\")][.//text()]/preceding::span[@class][10]";

public static void picsUpdateList(WebDriver driver, List<String> URLs, List<BufferedImage> pics) throws IOException, InterruptedException
    {
        //list of deals on amazon page
        List<WebElement> deals = driver.findElements(By.xpath(namesXpath));

        //URL of each picture saved since this method was called
        List<String> freshURLs = new ArrayList<String>();

        //saves the URL of the page with all listings
        String pageURL = driver.getCurrentUrl();
        System.out.println(pageURL);

        //1. clicks on each deal from List<> deals
        //2. Grabs picture by xpath and saves the URL to both lists
        //3. 
        for(WebElement deal : deals)
        {
            deal.click();
            System.out.println("clicked on next deal");
            Thread.sleep(time);
            String url = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//img [@id=\"detailImg\"]")).getAttribute("src");
            URLs.add(url);
            freshURLs.add(url);
            System.out.println(url);
/// ERROR HERE//////////////////////////
            driver.navigate().back();
//////////////////////////////////////////
            System.out.println("back to page");
            Thread.sleep(time);
        }

        for(String url : freshURLs)
        {
            pics.add(ImageIO.read(new URL(url)));
        }

    }

Answer 1

我建议使用@id="landingImage"而不是@id="detailImg"。然后获取data-old-hires字段值来获取url。这与您从 @id="detailImg" 获取的源网址相同(但正如我之前的评论中提到的，您可能需要先将鼠标悬停在屏幕中该元素之前的图像上弹出，我认为这是错误的原因)。

您可以先尝试使用您的代码，然后告诉我们这是否可以解决您的问题。

这是交易示例，请点击您提供的亚马逊页面网址。我已经用蓝色强调了上面提到的细节。希望这可以解决您的问题。