python - 如何扩展输出显示以查看 Pandas DataFrame 的更多列？

Question

有没有办法在交互或脚本执行模式下扩大输出的显示？

具体来说，我在 Pandas DataFrame 上使用 describe() 函数。当 DataFrame 的宽度为五列(标签)时，我可以获得所需的描述性统计信息。但是，如果 DataFrame 有更多列，则统计信息将被抑制并返回类似以下内容:

>> Index: 8 entries, count to max
>> Data columns:
>> x1          8  non-null values
>> x2          8  non-null values
>> x3          8  non-null values
>> x4          8  non-null values
>> x5          8  non-null values
>> x6          8  non-null values
>> x7          8  non-null values

无论有 6 列还是 7 列，都会给出“8”值。 “8”代表什么？

我已经尝试过拖动 IDLE窗口变大，以及增加“配置 IDLE”宽度选项，都无济于事。

Answer 1

更新:Pandas 0.23.4 及以上版本

这是没有必要的。如果您设置 pd.options.display.width = 0，Pandas 会自动检测终端窗口的大小。 (对于旧版本，请参阅底部。)

pandas.set_printoptions(...)已弃用。相反，使用 pandas.set_option(optname, val) ，或等效 pd.options.<opt.hierarchical.name> = val 。喜欢:

import pandas as pd
pd.set_option('display.max_rows', 500)
pd.set_option('display.max_columns', 500)
pd.set_option('display.width', 1000)

这是help for set_option :

set_option(pat,value) - Sets the value of the specified optionAvailable options:display.[chop_threshold, colheader_justify, column_space, date_dayfirst,         date_yearfirst, encoding, expand_frame_repr, float_format, height,         line_width, max_columns, max_colwidth, max_info_columns, max_info_rows,         max_rows, max_seq_items, mpl_style, multi_sparse, notebook_repr_html,         pprint_nest_depth, precision, width]mode.[sim_interactive, use_inf_as_null]Parameters----------pat - str/regexp which should match a single option.Note: partial matches are supported for convenience, but unless you use thefull option name (e.g., *x.y.z.option_name*), your code may break in futureversions if new options with similar names are introduced.value - new value of option.Returns-------NoneRaises------KeyError if no such option existsdisplay.chop_threshold: [default: None] [currently: None]: float or None        if set to a float value, all float values smaller then the given threshold        will be displayed as exactly 0 by repr and friends.display.colheader_justify: [default: right] [currently: right]: 'left'/'right'        Controls the justification of column headers. used by DataFrameFormatter.display.column_space: [default: 12] [currently: 12]No description available.display.date_dayfirst: [default: False] [currently: False]: boolean        When True, prints and parses dates with the day first, eg 20/01/2005display.date_yearfirst: [default: False] [currently: False]: boolean        When True, prints and parses dates with the year first, e.g., 2005/01/20display.encoding: [default: UTF-8] [currently: UTF-8]: str/unicode        Defaults to the detected encoding of the console.        Specifies the encoding to be used for strings returned by to_string,        these are generally strings meant to be displayed on the console.display.expand_frame_repr: [default: True] [currently: True]: boolean        Whether to print out the full DataFrame repr for wide DataFrames        across multiple lines, `max_columns` is still respected, but the output will        wrap-around across multiple "pages" if it's width exceeds `display.width`.display.float_format: [default: None] [currently: None]: callable        The callable should accept a floating point number and return        a string with the desired format of the number. This is used        in some places like SeriesFormatter.        See core.format.EngFormatter for an example.display.height: [default: 60] [currently: 1000]: int        Deprecated.        (Deprecated, use `display.height` instead.)display.line_width: [default: 80] [currently: 1000]: int        Deprecated.        (Deprecated, use `display.width` instead.)display.max_columns: [default: 20] [currently: 500]: int        max_rows and max_columns are used in __repr__() methods to decide if        to_string() or info() is used to render an object to a string.  In case        python/IPython is running in a terminal this can be set to 0 and Pandas        will correctly auto-detect the width the terminal and swap to a smaller        format in case all columns would not fit vertically. The IPython notebook,        IPython qtconsole, or IDLE do not run in a terminal and hence it is not        possible to do correct auto-detection.        'None' value means unlimited.display.max_colwidth: [default: 50] [currently: 50]: int        The maximum width in characters of a column in the repr of        a Pandas data structure. When the column overflows, a "..."        placeholder is embedded in the output.display.max_info_columns: [default: 100] [currently: 100]: int        max_info_columns is used in DataFrame.info method to decide if        per column information will be printed.display.max_info_rows: [default: 1690785] [currently: 1690785]: int or None        max_info_rows is the maximum number of rows for which a frame will        perform a null check on its columns when repr'ing To a console.        The default is 1,000,000 rows. So, if a DataFrame has more        1,000,000 rows there will be no null check performed on the        columns and thus the representation will take much less time to        display in an interactive session. A value of None means always        perform a null check when repr'ing.display.max_rows: [default: 60] [currently: 500]: int        This sets the maximum number of rows Pandas should output when printing        out various output. For example, this value determines whether the repr()        for a dataframe prints out fully or just a summary repr.        'None' value means unlimited.display.max_seq_items: [default: None] [currently: None]: int or None        when pretty-printing a long sequence, no more then `max_seq_items`        will be printed. If items are ommitted, they will be denoted by the addition        of "..." to the resulting string.        If set to None, the number of items to be printed is unlimited.display.mpl_style: [default: None] [currently: None]: bool        Setting this to 'default' will modify the rcParams used by matplotlib        to give plots a more pleasing visual style by default.        Setting this to None/False restores the values to their initial value.display.multi_sparse: [default: True] [currently: True]: boolean        "sparsify" MultiIndex display (don't display repeated        elements in outer levels within groups)display.notebook_repr_html: [default: True] [currently: True]: boolean        When True, IPython notebook will use html representation for        Pandas objects (if it is available).display.pprint_nest_depth: [default: 3] [currently: 3]: int        Controls the number of nested levels to process when pretty-printingdisplay.precision: [default: 7] [currently: 7]: int        Floating point output precision (number of significant digits). This is        only a suggestiondisplay.width: [default: 80] [currently: 1000]: int        Width of the display in characters. In case python/IPython is running in        a terminal this can be set to None and Pandas will correctly auto-detect the        width.        Note that the IPython notebook, IPython qtconsole, or IDLE do not run in a        terminal and hence it is not possible to correctly detect the width.mode.sim_interactive: [default: False] [currently: False]: boolean        Whether to simulate interactive mode for purposes of testingmode.use_inf_as_null: [default: False] [currently: False]: boolean        True means treat None, NaN, INF, -INF as null (old way),        False means None and NaN are null, but INF, -INF are not null        (new way).Call def:   pd.set_option(self, *args, **kwds)

<小时/>

旧版本信息。其中大部分内容已被弃用。

作为@bmu mentioned ，Pandas 自动检测(默认情况下)显示区域的大小，当对象 repr 不适合显示时，将使用摘要 View 。您提到调整 IDLE 窗口的大小，但没有效果。如果你这样做print df.describe().to_string()它适合 IDLE 窗口吗？

终端尺寸由 pandas.util.terminal.get_terminal_size() 决定(已弃用并删除)，这将返回一个包含 (width, height) 的元组显示器的。输出与 IDLE 窗口的大小匹配吗？可能存在问题(之前在 Emacs 中运行终端时曾出现过问题)。

请注意，可以绕过自动检测，pandas.set_printoptions(max_rows=200, max_columns=10)如果行数、列数不超过给定的限制，则永远不会切换到摘要 View 。

<小时/>

“max_colwidth”选项有助于查看每列的未截断形式。