javascript - 纯 Javascript : What is the best way to click a button in the group of buttons in a calculator?

Question

我有这段代码，是我用基于 Mac/Apple 计算器的 HTML/CSS 构建的。它的显示方式是使用 flexbox 将按钮分组为 5 行。

这是我的代码 codepen :

<div class="wrapper">
  <div class="calheader">
      <h2>Simple Calculator</h2>
    </div>
  <div class="calculatorbox">
    <div class="calwindow">
      <!-- ENTRY BOX -->
     <div class="entry">
        <p id="answer"></p>
      </div>
      <div class="entryhistory">
        <p id="history"></p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <!-- BUTTONS \\-->
    <div class="calbuttons">
      <div class="row">
        <button id="clear" class="key topcolor" value="clear">C</button>
        <button class="key topcolor" value="plusminus"><sup>+</sup>/<sub>−</sub></button>
        <button class="key topcolor" value="%">%</button>
        <button id="divide" class="key orange" value="/">÷</button>
      </div>
      <div class="row">
        <button id="seven" class="key" value="7">7</button>
        <button id="eight" class="key" value="8">8</button>
        <button id="nine" class="key" value="9">9</button>
        <button id="multiply" class="key orange" value="*">×</button>
      </div>
      <div class="row">
        <button id="four" class="key" value="4">4</button>
        <button id="five" class="key" value="5">5</button>
        <button id="six" class="key" value="6">6</button>
        <button id="subtract" class="key orange" value="-">−</button>
      </div>
      <div class="row">
        <button id="one" class="key" value="1">1</button>
        <button id="two" class="key" value="2">2</button>
        <button id="three" class="key" value="3">3</button>
        <button id="add" class="key orange" value="+">+</button>
      </div>
      <div class="row">
        <button id="zero" class="key btnspan" value="0">0</button>
        <button id="decimal" class="key" value=".">.</button>
        <button id="equals" class="key orange" value="=">=</button>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

现在，我想弄清楚如何选择按钮，以便我可以对每个按钮使用 addEventListener。

我查过的其他纯javascript教程只有这样显示:

<div class="calculator-keys">
    
    <button type="button" class="operator" value="+">+</button>
    <button type="button" class="operator" value="-">-</button>
    <button type="button" class="operator" value="*">&times;</button>
    <button type="button" class="operator" value="/">&divide;</button>

    <button type="button" value="7">7</button>
    <button type="button" value="8">8</button>
    <button type="button" value="9">9</button>


    <button type="button" value="4">4</button>
    <button type="button" value="5">5</button>
    <button type="button" value="6">6</button>


    <button type="button" value="1">1</button>
    <button type="button" value="2">2</button>
    <button type="button" value="3">3</button>


    <button type="button" value="0">0</button>
    <button type="button" class="decimal" value=".">.</button>
    <button type="button" class="all-clear" value="all-clear">AC</button>

    <button type="button" class="equal-sign operator" value="=">=</button>

  </div>

这样他就可以使用这段代码了:

const keys = document.querySelector('.calculator-keys');

keys.addEventListener('click', (event) => {
  const { target } = event;
  console.log('digit', target.value);
});

据我了解，我检查过的本教程使用 querySelector 选择类 calculator-keys 中的所有子项。

在我的例子中，我能够让它只对第一行起作用。但是，如果我使用 querySelectorAll，我是否需要使用 .map()、.forEach() 或其他东西才能使用addEventListener 在每个按钮上？

Answer 1

querySelector 只返回一个元素，所以你需要使用 querySelectorAll您需要选择具有 key 类的所有元素，然后为每个键添加事件监听器

 const keys = document.querySelectorAll('.key');

keys.forEach(item => {
 item.addEventListener('click', (event) => {
    const { target } = event;
    console.log('digit', target.value);
    });
});

<div class="wrapper">
  <div class="calheader">
      <h2>Simple Calculator</h2>
    </div>
  <div class="calculatorbox">
    <div class="calwindow">
      <!-- ENTRY BOX -->
     <div class="entry">
        <p id="answer"></p>
      </div>
      <div class="entryhistory">
        <p id="history"></p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <!-- BUTTONS \\-->
    <div class="calbuttons">
      <div class="row">
        <button id="clear" class="key topcolor" value="clear">C</button>
        <button class="key topcolor" value="plusminus"><sup>+</sup>/<sub>−</sub></button>
        <button class="key topcolor" value="%">%</button>
        <button id="divide" class="key orange" value="/">÷</button>
      </div>
      <div class="row">
        <button id="seven" class="key" value="7">7</button>
        <button id="eight" class="key" value="8">8</button>
        <button id="nine" class="key" value="9">9</button>
        <button id="multiply" class="key orange" value="*">×</button>
      </div>
      <div class="row">
        <button id="four" class="key" value="4">4</button>
        <button id="five" class="key" value="5">5</button>
        <button id="six" class="key" value="6">6</button>
        <button id="subtract" class="key orange" value="-">−</button>
      </div>
      <div class="row">
        <button id="one" class="key" value="1">1</button>
        <button id="two" class="key" value="2">2</button>
        <button id="three" class="key" value="3">3</button>
        <button id="add" class="key orange" value="+">+</button>
      </div>
      <div class="row">
        <button id="zero" class="key btnspan" value="0">0</button>
        <button id="decimal" class="key" value=".">.</button>
        <button id="equals" class="key orange" value="=">=</button>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>