java - 当循环卡住程序时继续计算并在计算之间暂停

Question

你好，我有这段代码，你可以点击几个立方体将它们设置为死或活，然后根据一组规则，java将计算下一步后哪些单元格将是活的/死的。

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.util.*;
import java.io.*;
class GameOfLife implements ActionListener{
Scanner scanner;                                                               //to      read the text file
File file;
boolean play = false;
String filename = "birth.txt";                                                 //the file that has to be read
Cell[][] cells=new Cell[10][10];                                               //array containing all the cells
JButton nextButton;
JButton playButton;
JPanel buttonPanel;
JPanel cellPanel;
GridLayout gridLayout=new GridLayout(10,10);
JFrame frame=new JFrame();
void buildit(){
    readInput();
    frame.setSize(600,700);        
    frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    buttonPanel=new JPanel();
    buttonPanel.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(600,100));
    frame.add(buttonPanel, BorderLayout.PAGE_START);
    nextButton=new JButton("Next generation");
    playButton=new JButton("Play");
    nextButton.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(150,50));
    playButton.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(150,50));
    nextButton.addActionListener(this);
    playButton.addActionListener(this);
    frame.add(nextButton, BorderLayout.LINE_START);
    frame.add(playButton, BorderLayout.LINE_END);

    cellPanel=new JPanel();        
    cellPanel.setLayout(gridLayout);                                               //gives the panel a gridlayout
    cellPanel.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(600,600));
    frame.add(cellPanel, BorderLayout.PAGE_START);
    for(int i=0; i<100; i++){  
        cells[i%10][i/10]=new Cell();                                            //i/10 will be rounded down, so it equals the rownumber
        cellPanel.add(cells[i%10][i/10]);
        cells[i%10][i/10].addMouseListener(cells[i%10][i/10]);                   //add a mouselistener to the cell
        cells[i%10][i/10].setOpaque(true);                                       //makes the backgroundcolor visible
        cells[i%10][i/10].setBackground(Color.BLACK);
        cells[i%10][i/10].setBorder(BorderFactory.createLineBorder(Color.WHITE));

    }    

    frame.setVisible(true);
    for(int i=0; i<100; i++){  
        for(int j=0; j<9; j++){
            if((i%10-1+j%3>=0) && (i%10-1+j%3<10) && (i/10-1+j/3>=0) && (i/10-1+j/3<10) && !(j==4)){   //exclude cells that are outside the frame (non existant) and the cell itself  
                cells[i%10][i/10].setNeighbours(cells[i%10-1+j%3][i/10-1+j/3]);           //this adds all the neighbours to the arraylist
            }
        }
    }
}
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){
    if(e.getSource()==nextButton){
        for(int i=0; i<100; i++){ 
            cells[i%10][i/10].calculateNextState(); 
        }
        for(int i=0; i<100; i++){  
            cells[i%10][i/10].updateToNextState();
        }
    }
    else{if (e.getSource()==playButton) {
      play = true;
      for (int p=0; p<3;p++) {

        for(int i=0; i<100; i++){ 
            cells[i%10][i/10].calculateNextState(); 
        }
        for(int i=0; i<100; i++){  
            cells[i%10][i/10].updateToNextState();
        }

    }

    }

    }
}

void readInput(){
    try{
        file = new File( filename);
        scanner = new Scanner( file );
        String nextGen="";                                                               //this string will contain the output
        int row=scanner.nextInt();                                                       //read the row number
        int col=scanner.nextInt();                                                       //and the column number
        Cell[][] cellen=new Cell[row][col];                                              //array containing all the cells
        for(int i=0; i<row*col; i++){
            cellen[i%row][i/col]=new Cell(); 
            if(scanner.next().equals(".")){
                cellen[i%row][i/col].setState(CellState.alive);                                     //set the state
            }
            else{
                cellen[i%row][i/col].setState(CellState.dead); 

            }

        }
        for(int i=0; i<row*col; i++){
            for(int j=0; j<9; j++){
                if((i%row-1+j%3>=0) && (i%row-1+j%3<row) && (i/col-1+j/3>=0) && (i/col-1+j/3<col) && !(j==4)){ 
                    cellen[i%row][i/col].setNeighbours(cellen[i%row-1+j%3][i/col-1+j/3]);            //set the neighbours
                }
            }
        }
        for(int i=0; i<row*col; i++){
            cellen[i%row][i/col].calculateNextState();                                  //calculate the next state for all the cells
        }
        for(int i=0; i<row*col; i++){
            cellen[i%row][i/col].updateToNextState();                                   //update all the cells to the next state
        }
        for(int i=0; i<row; i++){
            for(int j=0; j<col; j++){
                if(cellen[i%row][i/col].getCurrentState()==CellState.alive){                             //the cell is alive if getCurrentState is true
                    nextGen+="*";
                }
                else{
                    nextGen+=".";
                }
            }
            nextGen+=System.getProperty("line.separator");                              //add an enter after each row
        }
        System.out.println(nextGen);                                                    //print the next generation to the console
    }

    catch(FileNotFoundException e) {
        System.out.println( "Could not find or open file <"+filename+">\n"+e );         
    } 
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
    new GameOfLife().buildit();
}
}

我的问题是，当我尝试无限次地保持计算时我的程序卡住了，如下面的代码所示

 else{if (e.getSource()==playButton) {
      play = true;
      for (int p=0; p<3;p++) {

        for(int i=0; i<100; i++){ 
            cells[i%10][i/10].calculateNextState(); 
        }
        for(int i=0; i<100; i++){  
            cells[i%10][i/10].updateToNextState();
        }

    }

    }

我只进行了 3 次计算，但我希望它能够无限次地进行计算，直到出现停止按钮(要创建喷射流)，每次计算之间有 1 秒的暂停。我已经尝试过 while 循环，但这只是卡住了我的应用程序对于暂停和无限计算的一些帮助将非常感激

Answer 1

这里的问题是您的代码正在 Swing Event Dispatch Thread 中运行，这意味着您正在做的所有事情都必须先完成，然后才能返回到响应按钮单击和绘图更改等操作。

我建议你研究一下:

• javax.swing.SwingWorker<T,V> 作为启动复杂或耗时任务的一种方式
• javax.swing.Timer 作为定期重新计算和步进模拟的一种方式。