java - 运行 JAR 文件时右键菜单损坏

Question

我有一个 Java 应用程序，它在系统托盘中放置一个带有右键菜单的图标。当我从 IDE (NetBeans) 运行它时，它可以正常工作。但是当我构建它并运行 JAR 文件时，它会将图标放入系统托盘中，但当我右键单击它时，它没有上下文菜单。

这是一些代码。任何帮助表示赞赏。我检查了Java的平台版本和控制台版本，它们似乎都是相同的。

package abaxis;

import java.awt.AWTException;
import java.awt.Image;
import java.awt.MenuItem;
import java.awt.PopupMenu;
import java.awt.SystemTray;
import java.awt.Toolkit;
import java.awt.TrayIcon;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.swing.JFrame;

public class Systray
{
    private TrayIcon trayIcon = null;
private Image databaseimage;
private Image databaseDisconnectedImage;
public PopupMenu popup;
private ActionListener exitListener;
private ActionListener settingsListener;
private ActionListener connectListener;
private ActionListener disconnectListener;
private static Systray instance;
private static Abaxis abaxis = null;

private SystemTray tray;

private MenuItem connectItem;
private MenuItem settingsItem; 
private MenuItem exitItem;
private MenuItem disconnectItem;

public Systray() 
{
    // create a action listener to listen for default action executed on the tray icon
    exitListener = new ActionListener() {
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) 
        {
            System.exit(0);
        }
    };
    settingsListener = new ActionListener() {
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) 
        {
            //New Jframe.
            JFrame settingsJFrame = new AbaxisSettingsForm();
            settingsJFrame.setVisible(true);
        }
    };
    connectListener = new ActionListener() {
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) 
        {
            //Start the application.
            abaxis.connect();
            setConnectedItems();
        }
    };
    disconnectListener = new ActionListener() {
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) 
        {
            //Discconect the application.
            abaxis.disconnect();
            setDisconnectedItems();
        }
    };
}

public static Systray getSystray()
{
    if(instance == null)
    {
        instance = new Systray();
        instance.init();
    }
    return instance;
}

public void init()
{
    // get the SystemTray instance
    tray = SystemTray.getSystemTray();
    // load Images
        databaseimage = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getImage(getClass().getResource("/images/database.png"));
        databaseDisconnectedImage = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getImage(getClass().getResource("/images/database_delete.png"));
    // create a popup menu
    this.popup = new PopupMenu();

    // create menu item for the default action
    connectItem = new MenuItem("Connect");
    connectItem.addActionListener(connectListener);
    settingsItem = new MenuItem("Settings");
    settingsItem.addActionListener(settingsListener);
    exitItem = new MenuItem("Exit");
    exitItem.addActionListener(exitListener);
    disconnectItem = new MenuItem("Disconnect");
    disconnectItem.addActionListener(disconnectListener);       

    // set the TrayIcon properties
    //trayIcon.addActionListener(exitListener);
    // construct a TrayIcon
    trayIcon = new TrayIcon( databaseimage, "Abaxis", this.popup );
    // add the tray image
    try 
    {
        tray.add(trayIcon);
    } 
    catch (AWTException e) 
    {
        System.err.println(e);
    }

    try 
    {
        abaxis = Abaxis.start();
    } 
    catch (Exception e)
    {
        System.out.println(e.getMessage());
    }

    if(abaxis.isConnected())
    {
        //Set all the stuff if its connected.
        setConnectedItems();
    } 
    else
    {
        //Set all the stuff if its disconnected.
        setDisconnectedItems();
    }
}

private void setConnectedItems()
{
    this.popup.removeAll();
    this.popup.add(disconnectItem);
    this.popup.add(settingsItem);
    this.popup.add(exitItem);
    this.updateImage(databaseimage);

}

private void setDisconnectedItems()
{
    this.popup.removeAll();
    this.popup.add(connectItem);
    this.popup.add(settingsItem);
    this.popup.add(exitItem);
    this.updateImage(databaseDisconnectedImage);
}

public void updateImage(Image x)
{
    if (this.trayIcon != null) 
    {
         this.trayIcon.setImage(x);
    }
}

}

谢谢，我设法发现这是一个丢失 jar 的问题。但 jar 文件似乎位于 lib 文件夹中。所以我不知道为什么它有一个翅膀。堆栈跟踪:

java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: no rxtxSerial in java.library.path thrown while loading gnu.io.RXTXCommDriver
    Exception in thread "main" java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: no rxtxSerial in java.library.path
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadLibrary(Unknown Source)
    at java.lang.Runtime.loadLibrary0(Unknown Source)
    at java.lang.System.loadLibrary(Unknown Source)
    at gnu.io.CommPortIdentifier.<clinit>(CommPortIdentifier.java:123)
    at abaxis.Abaxis.connectToBloodMachine(Abaxis.java:114)
    at abaxis.Abaxis.connect(Abaxis.java:90)
    at abaxis.Abaxis.init(Abaxis.java:76)
    at abaxis.Abaxis.start(Abaxis.java:53)
    at abaxis.Systray.init(Systray.java:141)
    at abaxis.Systray.getSystray(Systray.java:88)
    at abaxis.Abaxis.main(Abaxis.java:279)

Answer 1

RXTX 与依赖于其运行的操作系统的驱动程序配合使用。这些驱动程序随 RXTX 库一起提供，它们是:

• librxtxSerial.so 和 librxtxParallel.so(适用于 Linux)。
• librxtxSerial.dll 和 librxtxParallel.dll(适用于 Windows)。
• librxtxSerial.jnilib 适用于 Mac

This link有正确安装这些驱动程序的说明和这个问题:java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: no rxtxSerial in java.library.path有几种解决方法可以解决此类异常。

但是，它们都假设您有权访问 %JAVA_HOME% 路径，或者您知道驱动程序所在的位置，如果您在计算机上工作，这很好，但如果您需要分发应用程序，则不行。如果是这种情况，只需将驱动程序文件复制到放置 jar 的同一文件夹中即可。您必须看到类似这样的内容才能知道它正常工作:

Stable Library
=========================================
Native lib Version = RXTX-2.1-7
Java lib Version   = RXTX-2.1-7

更新

最近我注意到 Linux 的 java.library.path 属性中不包含当前工作目录。因此，如果您只是将 librxtxSerial.so 添加到应用程序文件夹中，您仍然会收到 UnsatisfiedLinkError。再次，您可以在通过命令行运行应用程序时设置此属性，如下所示:

java -jar -Djava.library.path=/path/to/lib

或者您可以使用此处解释的 hacky 方法:Setting "java.library.path" programmatically 。这种方法不安全，如果您有权实现另一种解决方法，我不建议您使用它，但我已经尝试过并且它有效:

String javaLibraryPath = System.getProperty("java.library.path");

if(!javaLibraryPath.contains(File.pathSeparator + "." + File.pathSeparator)){

    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(javaLibraryPath).append(File.pathSeparator).append(".");
    // The line above appends "." (current directory) to the library path
    // Of course 'rxtxSerial.so' must be placed in the current directory

    System.setProperty("java.library.path", sb.toString());

    try {
        Field sysPathsField = ClassLoader.class.getDeclaredField("sys_paths");
        sysPathsField.setAccessible(true);
        sysPathsField.set(null, null);// Setting this field to null will force a reevaluation of 
                                      // the library path as soon as loadLibrary() is called

    } catch (NoSuchFieldException | SecurityException | IllegalArgumentException | IllegalAccessException ex) {
        ex.printStackTrace();
    }
}