java - 使用KeyListener使用setText时出现NullPointerException

Question

这是一个猜词游戏。第一个字母每次都会显示，其余的则不会。每当用户键入时，我希望它更改板上的字母，这是一个屏幕截图:http://puu.sh/7moQS.jpg

错误:

Exception in thread "AWT-EventQueue-0" java.lang.NullPointerException
at BoardUI.keyTyped(BoardUI.java:48)

其中 BoardUI.java:48 行位于

b.getLetters()[b.position(b.getCurrentRow(), b.getCurrentColumn())].setText(typed + "");

游戏.java

public class Game {
}

testGUI.java

public class testGUI {
public static void main(String[] args) {
    new GUI("Lingo");
}
}

BoardUI.java

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.event.KeyListener;

public class BoardUI extends JPanel implements KeyListener {

private final Game game;
private Board b = new Board();
private Color hoverColor = new  Color(100, 100, 255);

public BoardUI(LayoutManager layout, Game game, String word) {
    super(layout);
    this.b = new Board();
    this.game = game;
    initComponents(word);
}

public BoardUI(Game game) {
    this.game = game;
}

private void initComponents(String word) {
    this.setLayout(new GridLayout(5, 5, 2, 2));
    for (int i = 0; i < 5 * 5; i++) {
        b.getLetters()[i] = new Label();
        b.getLetters()[i].setBackground(Color.WHITE);
        b.getLetters()[i].setForeground(Color.BLACK);
        b.getLetters()[i].setAlignment(Label.CENTER);
        b.getLetters()[i].setFont(new Font("Big", Font.BOLD, 48));
        this.add(b.getLetters()[i]);
    }

        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
            b.getLetters()[i].setText(word.charAt(i) + "");
            b.getLetters()[i].setBackground(Color.BLUE);
        }
    b.setCurrentColumn(0);
    b.setCurrentRow(0);
    }

@Override
public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {
    char typed = e.getKeyChar();

    if (Character.isLetter(typed) && b.getCurrentColumn() < 5) {
        typed = Character.toUpperCase(typed);
        b.getLetters()[b.position(b.getCurrentRow(), b.getCurrentColumn())].setText(typed + "");
        b.getLetters()[b.position(b.getCurrentRow(), b.getCurrentColumn())].setBackground(Color.BLUE);

        if (b.getCurrentColumn() == 0) {
            for (int i = 1; i < 5; i++) {
                b.getLetters()[b.position(b.getCurrentRow(), i)].setText(".");
                b.getLetters()[b.position(b.getCurrentRow(), i)].setBackground(Color.BLUE);
            }

            b.nextColumn(true);

            if (b.getCurrentColumn() < 5) {
                b.getLetters()[b.position(b.getCurrentRow(), b.getCurrentColumn())].setBackground(hoverColor);
            }

            if (typed == 8 && b.getCurrentColumn() >= 0) {
                this.oneBack();
            }
        }
    }
}

private void oneBack() {
    if (b.getCurrentColumn() < 5) {
        b.getLetters()[b.position(b.getCurrentRow(), b.getCurrentColumn())].setBackground(Color.BLUE);
        b.nextColumn(false);
        b.getLetters()[b.position(b.getCurrentRow(), b.getCurrentColumn())].setText(".");
        b.getLetters()[b.position(b.getCurrentRow(), b.getCurrentColumn())].setBackground(Color.BLUE);
    }
}

@Override
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {

}

@Override
public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {

}
}

Board.java:

import java.awt.*;

public class Board {
private Reader reader = new Reader();
private Label[] letters = new Label[5 * 5];
private String[] words = new String[100];
private int currentRow, currentColumn;

public Label[] getLetters() {
    return letters;
}

public String firstWord() {
    return getWord().charAt(0) + "....";
}

public String getWord() {
    int count = reader.LeesWoordenVanFile(words);
    int x = (int) (Math.random() * 100);
    int gokX = (x % count);
    return words[gokX].toUpperCase();
}

public int position(int row, int column) {
    return row * 5 + column;
}

public void nextColumn(boolean next) {
    if (next) {
        currentColumn++;
    } else {
        currentColumn--;
    }
}

public int getCurrentRow() {
    return currentRow;
}

public int getCurrentColumn() {
    return currentColumn;
}

public void setCurrentRow(int currentRow) {
    this.currentRow = currentRow;
}

public void setCurrentColumn(int currentColumn) {
    this.currentColumn = currentColumn;
}
}

GUI.java:

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class GUI extends JFrame {

private JPanel gamePanel;
private Game game;
private Board board = new Board();
private BoardUI boardUI = new BoardUI(game);

public GUI(String title) throws HeadlessException  {
    super(title);
    game = new Game();
    setupVieuw();
    showFrame();
    this.addKeyListener(boardUI);
}

public void setupVieuw() {
    getContentPane().removeAll();
    initComponents(board.firstWord());
    layoutComponents();
    this.validate();
}

public void layoutComponents() {
    getContentPane().add(gamePanel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
}

private void initComponents(String word) {
    gamePanel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
    gamePanel.add(new BoardUI(new BorderLayout(),game, word));
}

private void showFrame() {
    this.setBounds(50, 50, 800, 800);
    this.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(600, 600));
    this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    this.pack();
    this.setVisible(true);
    this.doLayout();
}
}

Answer 1

这确实令人困惑，因为您有一些冗余代码，并且在某些情况下会执行两次操作，但这是我发现的。

在 GUI.java 中，您将在此处实例化 BoardUI:

private Game game;
private Board board = new Board();
private BoardUI boardUI = new BoardUI(game);

请注意，

1. 您正在使用 null Game 对象初始化 BoardUI

2. 您正在调用此 BoardUI 构造函数:

   public BoardUI(Game game) {
       this.game = game;
   }
   

   并且不是这个构造函数 - 又名。实际上用 new Label() 对象填充您的 letters 数组:

   public BoardUI(LayoutManager layout, Game game, String word) {
       super(layout);
       this.b = new Board();
       this.game = game;
       initComponents(word);
   }
   

仍然在 GUI.java 中，您最终确实调用了不同的 initComponents()，但您使用新的 BoardUI 实例来调用它

private void initComponents(String word) {
    gamePanel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
    gamePanel.add(new BoardUI(new BorderLayout(),game, word));
}

返回后，您回到了 GUI 类构造函数的最后一行，并将关键监听器设置为尚未运行的 BoardUI initComponents():

this.addKeyListener(boardUI);

TL;DR:您正在向尚未运行 initComponents() 的 BoardUI 对象添加一个关键监听器