python - 将字符串中的单个单词与字典键匹配

Question

您好，我正在尝试输入一个字符串，然后将该字符串拆分为单个单词。字符串中以及“contents”的字典键中的唯一词从字典“files”中检索相应的值。

如何拆分输入字符串以根据字典“概念”键检查单个单词，并在可能的情况下返回字符串中的单词，而不是字典键？

我试图将字符串拆分成一个列表，然后将列表值直接传递到字典中，但我很快就迷路了(那些是在顶部注释掉的变量。感谢任何帮助。谢谢

def concept(word):

# convert var(word) to list
#my_string_list=[str(i) for i in word]

# join list(my_string_list) back to string
#mystring = ''.join(my_string_list)

# use this to list python files
files    = {1:"file0001.txt",
            2:"file0002.txt",
            3:"file0003.txt",
            4:"file0004.txt",
            5:"file0005.txt",
            6:"file0006.txt",
            7:"file0007.txt",    
            8:"file0008.txt",
            9:"file0009.txt"}

# change keys to searchable simple keyword phrases. 
concepts = {'GAMES':[1,2,4,3,3],
            'BLACKJACK':[5,3,5,3,5],
            'MACHINE':[4,9,9,9,4],
            'DATABASE':[5,3,3,3,5],
            'LEARNING':[4,9,4,9,4]}

# convert to uppercase, search var(mystring) in dict 'concepts', if not found return not found"
if word.upper() not in concepts:
    print("{}: Not Found in Database" .format(word)) not in concepts
    return

# for matching keys in dict 'concept' list values in dict 'files'
for pattern in concepts[word.upper()]:
    print(files[pattern])


# return input box at end of query        
while True:
    concept(input("Enter Concept Idea: "))
    print("\n")

Answer 1

假设输入是由空格分隔的单词列表，您可以这样做:

def concept(phrase):

    words = phrase.split()

    # use this to list python files
    files = {1: "file0001.txt",
             2: "file0002.txt",
             3: "file0003.txt",
             4: "file0004.txt",
             5: "file0005.txt",
             6: "file0006.txt",
             7: "file0007.txt",
             8: "file0008.txt",
             9: "file0009.txt"}

    # change keys to searchable simple keyword phrases.
    concepts = {'GAMES': [1, 2, 4, 3, 3],
                'BLACKJACK': [5, 3, 5, 3, 5],
                'MACHINE': [4, 9, 9, 9, 4],
                'DATABASE': [5, 3, 3, 3, 5],
                'LEARNING': [4, 9, 4, 9, 4]}

    for word in words:
        # convert to uppercase, search var(mystring) in dict 'concepts', if not found return not found"
        if word.upper() not in concepts:
            print("{}: Not Found in Database".format(word))
        else:
            # for matching keys in dict 'concept' list values in dict 'files'
            for pattern in concepts[word.upper()]:
                print(files[pattern])

concept("games blackjack foo")

输出

file0001.txt
file0002.txt
file0004.txt
file0003.txt
file0003.txt
file0005.txt
file0003.txt
file0005.txt
file0003.txt
file0005.txt
foo: Not Found in Database

words = phrase.split() 行在空格处拆分字符串短语。要检查一个单词是否在字典中，您需要一次检查一个单词，因此循环 for word in words 遍历 phrase 中的单词。

进一步

1. How can I check if a key exists in a dictionary?
2. Split a string by a delimiter in python