java - 如何使用HttpURLconnection进行身份验证

Question

我正在尝试使用以下代码将网站读取为html（即 ..... ，但是我需要提供身份验证凭据，我尝试使用java提供.net.Authenticator，但它似乎仍然无法正常工作，（如果我输入www.google.com，由于不需要身份验证，因此它可以工作）（我希望在我的android应用程序中实现此代码）

package com.test.connection;

import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.Authenticator;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.PasswordAuthentication;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;

public class Authenticate {

String username="myuser";
String password="mypass";
URL url=null;
String webHtmlData=null;

public static void main(String[] args) {
    Authenticate au=new Authenticate();
    au.setConnectionToWS("https://mysite/New/");      //if i enter www.google.com it works

}

public void setConnectionToWS(String inpUrl){

    Authenticator myAuth = new Authenticator() 
    {
        @Override
        protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication()
        {
            return new PasswordAuthentication(username, password.toCharArray());
        }
    };

    Authenticator.setDefault(myAuth);

    try {
        url = new URL(inpUrl);
    } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    HttpURLConnection urlConnection = null;
    try {
        urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
        urlConnection.connect();//on debugging the code fails on this line.
    } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    try {
        InputStream in = null;
        try {
            in = new BufferedInputStream(urlConnection.getInputStream());

        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    finally { 
        webHtmlData=readStream(urlConnection);
        System.out.println(webHtmlData);
        System.out.println("Done!!!");

    }
}

//read data as a browser
private String readStream(HttpURLConnection urlConnection) {

    StringBuffer response = null;

    try {
        BufferedReader is = 
                new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(urlConnection.getInputStream()));
        String inputLine;
        response = new StringBuffer();
        while ((inputLine = is.readLine()) != null) {
            response.append(inputLine);
        }
        is.close();
    }
    catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    return response.toString();
}

}

我尝试调试，并且代码在urlConnection.connect（）行显示以下错误

javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path building failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.Alerts.getSSLException(Unknown Source)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.fatal(Unknown Source)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.Handshaker.fatalSE(Unknown Source)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.Handshaker.fatalSE(Unknown Source)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.ClientHandshaker.serverCertificate(Unknown Source)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.ClientHandshaker.processMessage(Unknown Source)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.Handshaker.processLoop(Unknown Source)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.Handshaker.process_record(Unknown Source)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.readRecord(Unknown Source)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.performInitialHandshake(Unknown Source)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(Unknown Source)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(Unknown Source)
at sun.net.www.protocol.https.HttpsClient.afterConnect(Unknown Source)
at sun.net.www.protocol.https.AbstractDelegateHttpsURLConnection.connect(Unknown Source)
at sun.net.www.protocol.https.HttpsURLConnectionImpl.connect(Unknown Source)
at com.test.connection.Authenticate.setConnectionToWS(Authenticate.java:48)
at com.test.connection.Authenticate.main(Authenticate.java:23)
Caused by: sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path building failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target
at sun.security.validator.PKIXValidator.doBuild(Unknown Source)
at sun.security.validator.PKIXValidator.engineValidate(Unknown Source)
at sun.security.validator.Validator.validate(Unknown Source)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.X509TrustManagerImpl.validate(Unknown Source)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.X509TrustManagerImpl.checkServerTrusted(Unknown Source)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.X509TrustManagerImpl.checkServerTrusted(Unknown Source)
... 13 more
Caused by: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target
at sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilder.engineBuild(Unknown Source)
at java.security.cert.CertPathBuilder.build(Unknown Source)
... 19 more

我没有正确提供凭据吗？？？

在将网址作为www.google.com传递时，我得到的输出为

<!doctype html><html itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/WebPage" lang="en-IN"><head><meta content="/images/google_favicon_128.png" itemprop="image"><title>Google</title><script>(function(){window.google={kEI:"0i1WU93UJMaxrgfQjIDYCw",getEI:function(a){for(var b;a&&(!a.getAttribute||!(b=a.getAttribute("eid")));)a=a.parentNode;return b||google.kEI},https:function(){return"https:"==window.location.protocol},kEXPI:"17259,4000116,4007661,4007830,4008067,4008133,4008142,4009033,4009352,4009565,4009641,4010806,4010858,4010899,4011228,4011258,4011679,4011959,4012373,4012504,4013374,4013414,4013591,4013723,4013787,4013941,4013967,4013979,4014016,4014431,4014515,4014544,4014636,4014671,4014813,4014991,4015119,4015155,4015197,4015234,4015260,4015342,4015444,4015519,4015550,4015635,4015638,4015639,4015772,4015899,4016004,4016007,4016127,4016293,4016309,4016323,4016361,4016367,4016373,4016425,4016452,4016466,4016479,4016487,4016623,4016639,4016703,4016730,4016767,4016824,4016851,4016855,4016902,4016933,4016952,4016969,4016978,4017041,4017177,4017201,8300015,8300017,8500165,8500223,8500240,8500252,8500283,8500306,8500314,8500332,10200002,10200012,10200029,10200038,10200040,10200044,10200048,10200053,10200055,10200066,10200083,10200120,10200134,10200136,10200155,10200157,10200159,10200163,10200178,10200211,10200221,10200224,10200225,10200236",kCSI:{e:"17259,4000116,4007661,4007830,4008067,4008133,4008142,4009033,4009352,4009565,4009641,4010806,4010858,4010899,4011228,4011258,4011679,4011959,4012373,4012504,4013374,4013414,4013591,4013723,4013787,4013941,4013967,4013979,4014016,4014431,4014515,4014544,4014636,4014671,4014813,4014991,4015119,4015155,4015197,4015234,4015260,4015342,4015444,4015519,4015550,4015635,4015638,4015639,4015772,4015899,4016004,4016007,4016127,4016293,4016309,4016323,4016361,4016367,4016373,4016425,4016452,4016466,4016479,4016487,4016623,4016639,4016703,4016730,4016767,4016824,4016851,4016855,4016902,4016933,4016952,4016969,4016978,4017041,4017177,4017201,8300015,8300017,8500165,8500223,8500240,8500252,8500283,8500306,8500314,8500332,10200002,10200012,10200029,10200038,10200040,10200044,10200048,10200053,10200055,10200066,10200083,10200120,10200134,10200136,10200155,10200157,10200159,10200163,10200178,10200211,10200221,10200224,10200225,10200236",ei:"0i1WU93UJMaxrgfQjIDYCw"},authuser:0,ml:function(){},kHL:"en",time:function(){return(new Date).getTime()},log:function(a,b,c,h,k){var d=new Image,f=google.lc,e=google.li,g="";d.onerror=d.onload=d.onabort=function(){delete f[e]};f[e]=d;c||-1!=b.search("&ei=")||(g="&ei="+google.getEI(h));c=c||"/"+(k||"gen_204")+"?atyp=i&ct="+a+"&cad="+b+g+"&zx="+google.time();a=/^http:/i;a.test(c)&&google.https()?(google.ml(Error("GLMM"),!1,{src:c}),delete f[e]):(d.src=c,google.li=e+1)},lc:[],li:0,y:{},x:function(a,b){google.y[a.id]=[a,b];return!1},load:function(a,b,c){google.x({id:a+l++},function(){google.load(a,b,c)})}};var l=0;})();(function(){google.sn="webhp";google.timers={};google.startTick=function(a,b){var f=google.time();google.timers[a]={t:{start:f},bfr:!!b};};google.tick=function(a,b,f){google.timers[a]||google.startTick(a);google.timers[a].t[b]=f||google.time()};google.startTick("load",!0);try{}catch(d){}})();var _gjwl=location;function _gjuc(){var 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Done!!!

我需要通过传递需要身份验证的URL时获得相同的信息（在浏览器中输入我的URL时，会显示一个弹出窗口，用于输入用户名和密码，提交后我会定向到该页面）

Answer 1

如果您具有自签名证书，则应该将自签名证书导入java truststore或通过简单的方法添加以下代码来绕过证书验证。在生产中，最好使用受信任的证书。

在Authenticator.setDefault（myAuth）;之后添加以下代码线。

// Create a trust manager that does not validate certificate chains
    TrustManager[] trustAllCerts = new TrustManager[]{new X509TrustManager() {
        @Override
        public java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
            return null;
        }

        @Override
        public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] certs, String authType) {
        }

        @Override
        public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] certs, String authType) {
        }
    }
    };

    // Create all-trusting host name verifier
    HostnameVerifier allHostsValid = new HostnameVerifier() {
        @Override
        public boolean verify(String hostname, SSLSession session) {
            return true;
        }
    };

    try {
        // Install the all-trusting trust manager
        SSLContext sc = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL");
        sc.init(null, trustAllCerts, new java.security.SecureRandom());
        HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultSSLSocketFactory(sc.getSocketFactory());
        // Install the all-trusting host verifier
        HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultHostnameVerifier(allHostsValid);
    } catch (Exception ex) {
        ex.printStackTrace();
    }

最后改变这条线

urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();

到（使用HttpsUrlConnection）

urlConnection = (HttpsURLConnection) url.openConnection();