wcf - NetTCP 和二进制传输

Question

我有一个带有 HTTP 绑定(bind)的 WCF 服务，它返回 500k 大小的数据集。使用 WCF 默认日志记录时，我可以看到消息和随每条消息传输的数据

  <system.serviceModel>
    <!-- add trace logging -->
    <diagnostics wmiProviderEnabled="true">
      <messageLogging
           logEntireMessage="true"
           logMalformedMessages="true"
           logMessagesAtServiceLevel="true"
           logMessagesAtTransportLevel="true"
           maxMessagesToLog="3000"
       />
    </diagnostics>

    ....

  <system.diagnostics>
    <sources>
      <source name="System.ServiceModel.MessageLogging">
        <listeners>
          <add type="System.Diagnostics.DefaultTraceListener" name="Default">
            <filter type="" />
          </add>
          <add initializeData="c:\nettcpTestLOCALToTEST.xml" type="System.Diagnostics.XmlWriterTraceListener"
            name="messages">
            <filter type="" />
          </add>
        </listeners>
      </source>
    </sources>
  </system.diagnostics>

要点是，我正在寻找一种减少服务器和客户端之间流量的方法，有人告诉我 NetTCP 正在传输数据二进制文件？对吗？

我已经使用 NetTCPBinding 设置了一个测试场景，当我在客户端读取 WCF 时，响应消息包括整个数据集架构和 XML 格式的数据。它只是序列化以便可以写入日志，还是此消息是二进制传输的？

使用 NetTCP 绑定(bind)传输的数据量是否小于使用 HTTPBinding 传输的数据量？是文本还是二进制？

提前致谢

Answer 1

是的，消息将以二进制形式传输，但序列化程序(我假设是 Datacontractserializer)将以 XML 格式序列化数据:

Use the DataContractSerializer class to serialize and deserialize instances of a type into an XML stream or document

DataContractSerializer来自文档:

The NetTcpBinding generates a run-time communication stack by default, which uses transport security, TCP for message delivery, and a binary message encoding. This binding is an appropriate system-provided choice for communicating over an Intranet.

NetTcpBinding MSDN

如果您选择实现 ISerializable，您也可以使用 WCF，但您必须实现 DataContractResolver 来解析类型:如果客户端“知道”类型(例如，您将它们放入 dll 并将它们添加到客户端- app) 你可以使用下面的示例代码这应该以更紧凑的形式产生序列化。

type internal SharedTypeResolver() =
    inherit System.Runtime.Serialization.DataContractResolver()

    let dict = new Xml.XmlDictionary()

    override this.TryResolveType(t : Type, declaredT : Type, knownTypeResolver : System.Runtime.Serialization.DataContractResolver, typeName : Xml.XmlDictionaryString byref, typeNamespace : Xml.XmlDictionaryString byref) =
        typeNamespace = dict.Add(t.Assembly.FullName)
        typeName = dict.Add(t.FullName)
        true

    override this.ResolveName(typeName : string, typeNamespace : string, declaredType : Type, knownTypeResolver : System.Runtime.Serialization.DataContractResolver) =
        let res = knownTypeResolver.ResolveName(typeName, typeNamespace, declaredType, null)
        if res = null then Type.GetType(typeName + ", " + typeNamespace) else res

PS: 在 C# 中发现相同的:

    public class SharedTypeResolver : DataContractResolver
    {
        #region Overrides of DataContractResolver

        /// 
        /// Override this method to map a data contract type to an xsi:type name and namespace during serialization.
        /// 
        /// 
        /// true if mapping succeeded; otherwise, false.
        /// 
        /// The type to map.The type declared in the data contract.The known type resolver.The xsi:type name.The xsi:type namespace.
        public override bool TryResolveType(Type type, Type declaredType, DataContractResolver knownTypeResolver, out XmlDictionaryString typeName, out XmlDictionaryString typeNamespace)
        {
            if (!knownTypeResolver.TryResolveType(type, declaredType, null, out typeName, out typeNamespace))
            {
                var dict = new XmlDictionary(); // nice trick to get the right type for typeName
                if (type != null)
                {
                    typeNamespace = dict.Add(type.Assembly.FullName);
                    typeName = dict.Add(type.FullName);
                }
                else
                {
                    typeNamespace = dict.Add("noAss");
                    typeName = dict.Add("noType");
                }
            }
            return true;
        }

        /// 
        /// Override this method to map the specified xsi:type name and namespace to a data contract type during deserialization.
        /// 
        /// 
        /// The type the xsi:type name and namespace is mapped to. 
        /// 
        /// The xsi:type name to map.The xsi:type namespace to map.The type declared in the data contract.The known type resolver.
        public override Type ResolveName(string typeName, string typeNamespace, Type declaredType, DataContractResolver knownTypeResolver)
        {
            return knownTypeResolver.ResolveName(typeName, typeNamespace, declaredType, null) ??
                   Type.GetType(typeName + ", " + typeNamespace);
        }

(请注意:stackoverflow 不喜欢 F# 中的赋值运算符“<-”，我不知道如何规避 - 因此我使用了“=”)哦，好吧 - 我想我必须说一下如何将这些解析器添加到您的主机:

        private static void AddResolver(OperationDescription operationDescription)
        {
            if (operationDescription == null)
                throw new ArgumentNullException();

            var serializationBehavior = operationDescription.Behaviors.Find();
            if (serializationBehavior == null)
            {
                serializationBehavior = new DataContractSerializerOperationBehavior(operationDescription);
                operationDescription.Behaviors.Add(serializationBehavior);
            }
            serializationBehavior.DataContractResolver = new SharedTypeResolver();
        }

将其用于:

            var contrDescription = _host.Description.Endpoints[0].Contract;
            var description= contrDescription.Operations.Find("MyServiceMethod");
            AddResolver(description);

用您的服务方法的名称替换“MyServiceMethod”(按方法调用或迭代所有方法)