android - NoClassDefFoundError 实现 IdlingResource

Question

我需要告诉 Espresso 等到我的 Activity 空闲。我正在使用界面IdlingResource为达到这个。这是我用于测试的代码:

    public class MyActivity extends Activity implements IdlingResource {

        private boolean isIdle;
        ResourceCallback resourceCallback;

        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            setContentView(R.layout.activity_my);

            final Button myButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.myButton);
            final ProgressBar progressBar = (ProgressBar) findViewById(R.id.progressBar);

            new Handler().postDelayed(new Runnable() {
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    myButton.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
                    progressBar.setVisibility(View.GONE);
                    isIdle = true;
                }
            }, 3000);
        }

        public void ButtonClicked(View view) {
            Toast.makeText(MyActivity.this, "OK", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }

        @Override
        public String getName() {
            return getClass().getName();
        }

        @Override
        public boolean isIdleNow() {

            if(isIdle){
                resourceCallback.onTransitionToIdle();
                return true;
            }

            return false;
        }

        @Override
        public void registerIdleTransitionCallback(ResourceCallback resourceCallback) {
            this.resourceCallback = resourceCallback;
        }
    }

Espresso 自动等待 AsyncTask 完成，所以如果我使用 AnsycTask，我什至不需要实现这个接口(interface)。问题是我正在使用一个库与网络通信，它似乎没有使用 AnsyncTasks 或 Espresso 不知道这一点。

我的问题是上面的代码工作正常 仅在我的设备上 (摩托罗拉 XT1058 或 Moto X)如果我在模拟器(Genymotion)或任何其他设备上运行相同的测试，我最终会遇到以下异常:

junit.framework.AssertionFailedError: Exception in constructor: testA (java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: rapnaveia.com.br.myapplication.MyActivity
at rapnaveia.com.br.myapplication.ApplicationTest.<init>(ApplicationTest.java:16)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.constructNative(Native Method)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:417)
at junit.runner.BaseTestRunner.getTest(BaseTestRunner.java:118)
at android.test.AndroidTestRunner.getTest(AndroidTestRunner.java:149)
at android.test.AndroidTestRunner.setTestClassName(AndroidTestRunner.java:57)
at android.test.suitebuilder.TestSuiteBuilder.addTestClassByName(TestSuiteBuilder.java:80)
at android.test.InstrumentationTestRunner.parseTestClass(InstrumentationTestRunner.java:443)
at android.test.InstrumentationTestRunner.parseTestClasses(InstrumentationTestRunner.java:424)
at android.test.InstrumentationTestRunner.onCreate(InstrumentationTestRunner.java:370)
at com.google.android.apps.common.testing.testrunner.GoogleInstrumentationTestRunner.onCreate(GoogleInstrumentationTestRunner.java:114)
at android.app.ActivityThread.handleBindApplication(ActivityThread.java:4435)
at android.app.ActivityThread.access$1300(ActivityThread.java:141)
at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1316)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99)
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:137)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5103)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:737)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:553)
at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)
)
at android.test.AndroidTestRunner.runTest(AndroidTestRunner.java:191)
at android.test.AndroidTestRunner.runTest(AndroidTestRunner.java:176)
at android.test.InstrumentationTestRunner.onStart(InstrumentationTestRunner.java:554)
at com.google.android.apps.common.testing.testrunner.GoogleInstrumentationTestRunner.onStart(GoogleInstrumentationTestRunner.java:167)
at android.app.Instrumentation$InstrumentationThread.run(Instrumentation.java:1701)

这里是我的测试类的代码:

public class ApplicationTest extends ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2<MyActivity> {

    public ApplicationTest() {
        super(MyActivity.class);
    }

    public void testA(){
        Espresso.registerIdlingResources(getActivity());
        Espresso.onView(withId(R.id.myButton)).perform(click());
    }
}

构建.gradle

apply plugin: 'com.android.application'

android {
    compileSdkVersion 20
    buildToolsVersion "20.0.0"

    defaultConfig {
        applicationId "rapnaveia.com.br.myapplication"
        minSdkVersion 15
        targetSdkVersion 20
        versionCode 1
        versionName "1.0"

        testApplicationId 'br.com.rapnaveia'
        testInstrumentationRunner 'com.google.android.apps.common.testing.testrunner.GoogleInstrumentationTestRunner'
    }
    buildTypes {
        release {
            runProguard false
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
        }
    }
}

dependencies {
    compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
    androidTestCompile files('libs/espresso-1.1-bundled.jar')
}

Answer 1

问题出在 gradle 配置中。您的项目正在尝试编译 espresso jar 两次。

dependencies {
    compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
    androidTestCompile files('libs/espresso-1.1-bundled.jar')
}

使用此配置，espresso jar 由您的主项目和您的测试项目编译。因此，当您尝试执行测试时，主项目无法正确构建，从而导致错误(而且我认为您可以在设备中运行测试很奇怪)。

要运行测试，您所要做的就是从测试目标的依赖项中删除编译指令。

dependencies {
    compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
}

android 测试项目将使用在主项目中编译的 espresso jar，因为主项目已“编译”到测试项目中。