perl - 如何从给定列表中查找包含子字符串的字符串

Question

我有一个字符串，可能包含也可能不包含某些特定的词。如果它包含我想用不同颜色打印字符串的作品之一(取决于单词)所以我想有一个包含单词列表的数组(例如，一个用于红色单词，一个用于黄色，一个用于绿色，如下例所示:

push(@red_word, [ "error","ERROR","Assertion","assertion","Error","ASSERTION","Errors" ]);
push(@yellow_word, [ "WARNING","Warning","warning","PAUSED","Paused","paused","Warnings" ]);
push(@green_word, [ "ACTIVE","Active","active" ]);

$l 是我要检查的字符串，我试过这样的

foreach my $l (@$lines) {
    if ($l =~ @red_word) {
            print '<FONT COLOR="FF0000">'.$l.'</FONT><br>';
    }
    else {
        if ($l =~ @yellow_word) {
            print '<FONT COLOR="FFFF00">'.$l.'</FONT><br>';
        }
        else {      
            if ($l =~ @green_word) {
                print '<FONT COLOR="008000">'.$l.'</FONT><br>';
            }
            else {
                print '<FONT COLOR="000000">'.$l.'</FONT><br>';
            }
        }
    }
}

但结果不稳定，有些行以红色打印，与列表 red_word 没有任何关系。

我做错了什么？

Answer 1

这不是你认为它在做的事:

push(@red_word, [ "error","ERROR","Assertion","assertion","Error","ASSERTION","Errors" ]);
push(@yellow_word, [ "WARNING","Warning","warning","PAUSED","Paused","paused","Warnings" ]);
push(@green_word, [ "ACTIVE","Active","active" ]);

您正在创建一个包含嵌套数组的二维数据结构。

$VAR1 = [
          [
            'error',
            'ERROR',
            'Assertion',
            'assertion',
            'Error',
            'ASSERTION',
            'Errors'
          ]
        ];

结果，那场比赛不会很顺利。我实际上不确定它会做什么，但它不会测试“如果这个词在列表中”。

尝试从数组构建正则表达式:

my @red_words = (
    "error", "ERROR",     "Assertion", "assertion",
    "Error", "ASSERTION", "Errors"
);
my $is_red = join( "|", map {quotemeta} @red_words );
$is_red = qr/($is_red)/;

print "Red" if $line =~ m/$is_red/;

也许是这样的:

#!/usr/bin/env perl

use strict;
use warnings;

my %colour_map = (
    'error'     => 'FF0000',
    'errors'    => 'FF0000',
    'assertion' => 'FF0000',
    'warning'   => 'FFFF00',
    'warnings'  => 'FFFF00',
    'paused'    => 'FFFF00',
    'active'    => '008000',
);

my $search = join( "|", map {quotemeta} keys %colour_map );
$search = qr/\b($search)\b/;

my @lines = (
    "line containing assertion",
    "a warning",
    "green for active",
    "A line containing ACTIVE"
);


foreach my $line (@lines) {
    if ( my ($word) = $line =~ m/$search/ ) {
        print "<FONT COLOR=\"$colour_map{lc($word)}\">$line</FONT><BR/>\n";
    }
    else {
        print "<FONT COLOUR=\"000000\">$line</FONT><BR/>\n";
    }
}

(不完全确定是否有办法转置匹配列表。我会再考虑一下)。