oracle - 通过 TNS 连接到 Oracle 不工作

Question

我有一个 Spring Boot 应用程序，当它以经典方式连接到 Oracle 实例时，它可以顺利运行:

jdbc:oracle:thin:@<server name>:<port num>/<service name>

但是，当我通过存储在本地驱动器“C:\ORACLE\Client11g\network\admin”中的 tnsnames.ora 转向通过 tns 的连接时，有些东西不起作用，我得到这个异常:

Caused by: org.hibernate.service.spi.ServiceException: Unable to create requested service [org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.env.spi.JdbcEnvironment]
    at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.createService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:267)
    at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.initializeService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:231)
    at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.getService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:210)
    at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.JdbcServicesImpl.configure(JdbcServicesImpl.java:51)
    at org.hibernate.boot.registry.internal.StandardServiceRegistryImpl.configureService(StandardServiceRegistryImpl.java:94)
    at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.initializeService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:240)
    at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.getService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:210)
    at org.hibernate.boot.model.process.spi.MetadataBuildingProcess.handleTypes(MetadataBuildingProcess.java:352)
    at org.hibernate.boot.model.process.spi.MetadataBuildingProcess.complete(MetadataBuildingProcess.java:111)
    at org.hibernate.jpa.boot.internal.EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.metadata(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.java:858)
    at org.hibernate.jpa.boot.internal.EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.build(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.java:885)
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.SpringHibernateJpaPersistenceProvider.createContainerEntityManagerFactory(SpringHibernateJpaPersistenceProvider.java:60)
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.createNativeEntityManagerFactory(LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:353)
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.buildNativeEntityManagerFactory(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:373)
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:362)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1642)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1579)
    ... 36 more
Caused by: org.hibernate.HibernateException: Access to DialectResolutionInfo cannot be null when 'hibernate.dialect' not set
    at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.dialect.internal.DialectFactoryImpl.determineDialect(DialectFactoryImpl.java:100)
    at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.dialect.internal.DialectFactoryImpl.buildDialect(DialectFactoryImpl.java:54)
    at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.env.internal.JdbcEnvironmentInitiator.initiateService(JdbcEnvironmentInitiator.java:137)
    at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.env.internal.JdbcEnvironmentInitiator.initiateService(JdbcEnvironmentInitiator.java:35)
    at org.hibernate.boot.registry.internal.StandardServiceRegistryImpl.initiateService(StandardServiceRegistryImpl.java:88)
    at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.createService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:257)
    ... 52 more

10:37:32,201 ERROR [org.jboss.msc.service.fail] (ServerService Thread Pool -- 381) MSC000001: Failed to start service jboss.undertow.deployment.default-server.default-host./my_service: org.jboss.msc.service.StartException in service jboss.undertow.deployment.default-server.default-host./my_service: java.lang.RuntimeException: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'entityManagerFactory' defined in class path resource [app/persistence/OracleConfiguration.class]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is org.hibernate.service.spi.ServiceException: Unable to create requested service [org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.env.spi.JdbcEnvironment]
    at org.wildfly.extension.undertow.deployment.UndertowDeploymentService$1.run(UndertowDeploymentService.java:85)
    at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:511)
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
    at org.jboss.threads.JBossThread.run(JBossThread.java:320)
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'entityManagerFactory' defined in class path resource [app/persistence/OracleConfiguration.class]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is org.hibernate.service.spi.ServiceException: Unable to create requested service [org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.env.spi.JdbcEnvironment]
    at io.undertow.servlet.core.DeploymentManagerImpl.deploy(DeploymentManagerImpl.java:236)
    at org.wildfly.extension.undertow.deployment.UndertowDeploymentService.startContext(UndertowDeploymentService.java:100)
    at org.wildfly.extension.undertow.deployment.UndertowDeploymentService$1.run(UndertowDeploymentService.java:82)
    ... 6 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'entityManagerFactory' defined in class path resource [app/persistence/OracleConfiguration.class]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is org.hibernate.service.spi.ServiceException: Unable to create requested service [org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.env.spi.JdbcEnvironment]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1583)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:553)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:482)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:306)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:230)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:302)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:197)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.getBean(AbstractApplicationContext.java:1081)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:856)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:542)
    at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.refresh(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:122)
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:761)
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:371)
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:315)
    at org.springframework.boot.web.support.SpringBootServletInitializer.run(SpringBootServletInitializer.java:151)
    at org.springframework.boot.web.support.SpringBootServletInitializer.createRootApplicationContext(SpringBootServletInitializer.java:131)
    at org.springframework.boot.web.support.SpringBootServletInitializer.onStartup(SpringBootServletInitializer.java:86)
    at org.springframework.web.SpringServletContainerInitializer.onStartup(SpringServletContainerInitializer.java:169)
    at io.undertow.servlet.core.DeploymentManagerImpl$1.call(DeploymentManagerImpl.java:186)
    at io.undertow.servlet.core.DeploymentManagerImpl$1.call(DeploymentManagerImpl.java:171)
    at io.undertow.servlet.core.ServletRequestContextThreadSetupAction$1.call(ServletRequestContextThreadSetupAction.java:42)
    at io.undertow.servlet.core.ContextClassLoaderSetupAction$1.call(ContextClassLoaderSetupAction.java:43)
    at io.undertow.servlet.api.LegacyThreadSetupActionWrapper$1.call(LegacyThreadSetupActionWrapper.java:44)
    at io.undertow.servlet.api.LegacyThreadSetupActionWrapper$1.call(LegacyThreadSetupActionWrapper.java:44)
    at io.undertow.servlet.api.LegacyThreadSetupActionWrapper$1.call(LegacyThreadSetupActionWrapper.java:44)
    at io.undertow.servlet.api.LegacyThreadSetupActionWrapper$1.call(LegacyThreadSetupActionWrapper.java:44)
    at io.undertow.servlet.api.LegacyThreadSetupActionWrapper$1.call(LegacyThreadSetupActionWrapper.java:44)
    at io.undertow.servlet.api.LegacyThreadSetupActionWrapper$1.call(LegacyThreadSetupActionWrapper.java:44)
    at io.undertow.servlet.core.DeploymentManagerImpl.deploy(DeploymentManagerImpl.java:234)
    ... 8 more

下面是我的application.properties + application-oracleprod.properties文件。请记住，如前所述，当我使用 SID 连接时，此方法有效。

应用程序属性:

spring.profiles.active=oracleprod

spring.jpa.database-platform=org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle10gDialect
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=validate
hibernate.show_sql=true
hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update
hibernate.generate_statistics=true

application-oracleprod.properties(这里的魔法应该是由于这个属性“oracle.net.tns_admin”而发生的，它设置了“tnsnames.ora”文件夹加上显然存在于“tnsnames.ora”中的链接“@MY_SERVICE”。 ora"文件，但我真的看不出 Oracle 在幕后做了什么):

spring.datasource.driver-class-name=oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver

#/tnsnames.ora
oracle.net.tns_admin=C:/ORACLE/Client11g/network/admin

oracle.username=my_user
oracle.password=xyz
oracle.url=jdbc:oracle:thin:@MY_SERVICE

配置类简洁明了:

@Configuration
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix="oracle" )
public class OracleConfiguration {

    @NotNull
    private String username;

    @NotNull
    private String password;

    @NotNull
    private String url;

    /*@Value("${oracle.net.tns_admin}")
    private String tns;*/

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public void setUrl(String url) {
        this.url = url;
    }

    /*public void setTns(String tns) {
        this.tns = tns;
    }*/

    @Bean
    DataSource dataSource() throws SQLException {
        OracleDataSource dataSource = new OracleDataSource(); // we use oracle data source API but it could be mysql
        dataSource.setURL(this.url);
        dataSource.setUser(this.username);
        dataSource.setPassword(this.password);
        dataSource.setImplicitCachingEnabled(true);
        dataSource.setFastConnectionFailoverEnabled(true);
        return dataSource;
    }

    @Bean
    public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManagerFactory() {

        LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean em = new LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean();
        try {
            em.setDataSource(dataSource());
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        em.setPackagesToScan(new String[] { "app.persistence.entity" }); // put the name of entity classes package 

        JpaVendorAdapter vendorAdapter = new HibernateJpaVendorAdapter();
        em.setJpaVendorAdapter(vendorAdapter);

        //em.setJpaProperties(additionalProperties()); // this properties are set by "application-oracle.properties" file

        return em;
    }

    @Bean
    public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager(EntityManagerFactory emf) {

        JpaTransactionManager transactionManager = new JpaTransactionManager();
        transactionManager.setEntityManagerFactory(emf);
        return transactionManager;
    }

总而言之，我遵循了 Oracle 文档中建议的方法并结合了 Spring Boot 配置文件/类，但没有成功。

我也尝试过不同的路径格式:

C:/ORACLE/Client11g/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
C:\ORACLE\Client11g\network\admin
C:\\ORACLE\\Client11g\\network\\admin

我认为我做得很好，因为有了 SID 连接，一切都很完美，但可能缺少一些隐藏的东西。

更新

事实证明 db url 不正确，至少对于 TNS 连接是这样。问题是我们有多个主机，而不仅仅是一个主机:

    MY_SERVICE =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (LOAD_BALANCE = off)
    (FAILOVER = on)
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (CONNECT_TIMEOUT = 5)
      (TRANSPORT_CONNECT_TIMEOUT = 3)
      (RETRY_COUNT = 3)
      (ADDRESS_LIST =
        (LOAD_BALANCE = on)
        (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = <ip_1> )(PORT = 1621))
        (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = <ip_2> )(PORT = 1621))
      )
      (CONNECT_DATA =
        (SERVICE_NAME = <my_service_name>)
      )
    )
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (CONNECT_TIMEOUT = 5)
      (TRANSPORT_CONNECT_TIMEOUT = 3)
      (RETRY_COUNT = 3)
      (ADDRESS_LIST =
        (LOAD_BALANCE = on)
        (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = <ip_3> )(PORT = 1621))
        (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = <ip_4> )(PORT = 1621))
      )
      (CONNECT_DATA =
        (SERVICE_NAME = <my_service_name> )
      )
    )
  )

我得到了:

 javax.persistence.PersistenceException: [PersistenceUnit: default] Unable to build Hibernate SessionFactory
    Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'entityManagerFactory' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/orm/jpa/HibernateJpaAutoConfiguration.class]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is javax.persistence.PersistenceException: [PersistenceUnit: default] Unable to build Hibernate SessionFactory
    Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'entityManagerFactory' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/orm/jpa/HibernateJpaAutoConfiguration.class]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is javax.persistence.PersistenceException: [PersistenceUnit: default] Unable to build Hibernate SessionFactory
    Caused by: javax.persistence.PersistenceException: [PersistenceUnit: default] Unable to build Hibernate SessionFactory
    Caused by: org.hibernate.exception.JDBCConnectionException: Unable to open JDBC Connection for DDL execution
    Caused by: java.sql.SQLRecoverableException: Errore di I/O: Unknown host specified 
    Caused by: oracle.net.ns.NetException: Unknown host specified "

同样，我有点困惑如何告诉 Spring 如何读取此 TNS 配置。

有什么想法吗？

Answer 1

出于某种原因，对我来说只有效:

spring.datasource.url=jdbc:oracle:thin:@(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=TODO)(PORT=1521)))(CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=TODO)))

代替spring.datasource.url=jdbc:oracle:thin:@MY_SERVICE。

此外，我正在调用用户 M. Deinum 在接受的答案中建议的方法 determineAndSetTnsHome():

public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(EvaApplication.class, args);
        determineAndSetTnsHome();
    }