unit-testing - 如何使用 microsoft.aspnetcore.testhost 测试 asp.net core 1.1 mvc 操作返回 Razor View

Question

使用 Microsoft.aspnetcore.testhost 我无法使 http get 到返回 Razor View 的 Controller 操作。我需要测试响应是否具有特定的安全 header ，以及我想对操作响应执行的其他测试。Razor 为它命中的每个命名空间抛出编译异常，而不仅仅是下面的系统示例:

oclq12bb.ugz(5,11): error CS0246: The type or namespace name 'System' could
not be found (are you missing a using directive or an assembly reference?)
oclq12bb.ugz(6,11): error CS0246: The type or namespace name 'System' could
not be found (are you missing a using directive or an assembly reference?)

复制:

• 使用 visual studio 2017 创建一个新的 asp.net core 1.1 网络项目并添加一个 .net 核心单元测试项目。
• 从启动中删除应用程序设置。
• 将 View /home/index.cshtml 复制到输出目录设置为“始终复制”。
• 创建并运行单元测试。抛出异常。

代码:

[TestClass]
public class UnitTest1
{
    private readonly HttpClient _client;

    public UnitTest1()
    {
        var server = new TestServer(
            new WebHostBuilder().UseStartup<Startup>());
        _client = server.CreateClient();
    }

    [TestMethod]
    public async Task Test1()
    {
        var response = await _client.GetAsync("/");
    }
}

我尝试将 Web 项目发布到一个文件夹，并始终使用 .UseContentRoot() 代替复制。相同的结果。

Answer 1

longday 的评论实际上对我有用。为了让这个问题得到解答并对其他人更有用，让我放上实际有效的代码。这是我项目中的代码，但它非常通用。

using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Razor;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.TestHost;
using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.PlatformAbstractions;
using Shevastream.Models;
using Shevastream.Services.Factories;
using Xunit;

namespace Shevastream.Tests.IntegrationTests
{
    public class PagesTests
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Server object which mimics a real running server
        /// </summary>
        private readonly TestServer _server;
        /// <summary>
        /// Client object which mimics a real client
        /// </summary>
        private readonly HttpClient _client;

        private readonly IDataContext _dataContext;

        /// <summary>
        /// Setup mock server and client
        /// </summary>
        public PagesTests()
        {
            var path = PlatformServices.Default.Application.ApplicationBasePath;
            var contentPath = Path.GetFullPath(Path.Combine(path, $@"../../../../src"));

            _server = new TestServer(
                new WebHostBuilder()
                    .UseContentRoot(contentPath)
                    .UseStartup<Startup>()
                    .ConfigureServices(services =>
                    {
                        services.AddSingleton<IHttpClientFactory, HttpClientFactory>();
                        services.Configure((RazorViewEngineOptions options) =>
                        {
                            var previous = options.CompilationCallback;
                            options.CompilationCallback = (context) =>
                            {
                                previous?.Invoke(context);

                                var assembly = typeof(Startup).GetTypeInfo().Assembly;
                                var assemblies = assembly.GetReferencedAssemblies().Select(x => MetadataReference.CreateFromFile(Assembly.Load(x).Location))
                                .ToList();
                                assemblies.Add(MetadataReference.CreateFromFile(Assembly.Load(new AssemblyName("mscorlib")).Location));
                                assemblies.Add(MetadataReference.CreateFromFile(Assembly.Load(new AssemblyName("System.Private.Corelib")).Location));
                                assemblies.Add(MetadataReference.CreateFromFile(Assembly.Load(new AssemblyName("Microsoft.AspNetCore.Razor")).Location));
                                assemblies.Add(MetadataReference.CreateFromFile(Assembly.Load(new AssemblyName("mscorlib")).Location)); 
                                assemblies.Add(MetadataReference.CreateFromFile(Assembly.Load(new AssemblyName("System.Private.Corelib")).Location)); 
                                assemblies.Add(MetadataReference.CreateFromFile(Assembly.Load(new AssemblyName("System.Linq")).Location)); 
                                assemblies.Add(MetadataReference.CreateFromFile(Assembly.Load(new AssemblyName("System.Threading.Tasks")).Location)); 
                                assemblies.Add(MetadataReference.CreateFromFile(Assembly.Load(new AssemblyName("System.Runtime")).Location)); assemblies.Add(MetadataReference.CreateFromFile(Assembly.Load(new AssemblyName("System.Dynamic.Runtime")).Location)); 
                                assemblies.Add(MetadataReference.CreateFromFile(Assembly.Load(new AssemblyName("Microsoft.AspNetCore.Razor.Runtime")).Location)); 
                                assemblies.Add(MetadataReference.CreateFromFile(Assembly.Load(new AssemblyName("Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc")).Location)); 
                                assemblies.Add(MetadataReference.CreateFromFile(Assembly.Load(new AssemblyName("Microsoft.AspNetCore.Razor")).Location)); 
                                assemblies.Add(MetadataReference.CreateFromFile(Assembly.Load(new AssemblyName("Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Razor")).Location));
                                assemblies.Add(MetadataReference.CreateFromFile(Assembly.Load(new AssemblyName("Microsoft.AspNetCore.Html.Abstractions")).Location)); 
                                assemblies.Add(MetadataReference.CreateFromFile(Assembly.Load(new AssemblyName("System.Text.Encodings.Web")).Location));

                                context.Compilation = context.Compilation.AddReferences(assemblies);
                            };
                        });
                    })
            );

            _client = _server.CreateClient();

            var serviceProvider = Extensions.RegisterServices().BuildServiceProvider();
            _dataContext = serviceProvider.GetRequiredService<IDataContext>();
        }

        [Theory]
        [InlineData("/home")]
        [InlineData("/home/profile")]
        [InlineData("/store/product")]
        [InlineData("/home/contact")]
        [InlineData("/store/cart")]
        [InlineData("/home/faq")]
        [InlineData("/account/login")]
        public async Task TestSimplePages(string url)
        {
            // Act
            var ok = await _client.GetAsync(url);

            // Assert
            Assert.Equal(HttpStatusCode.OK, ok.StatusCode);
        }
    }
}