java - 使用mockito测试服务

Question

我是 Spring 和 Mockito 测试的新手。我在 Stack Overflow 上找不到问题的答案。

我有以下类(class):

@Component
@Chronolog(logLevel = ChronologLevel.DEBUG)
public class CityService {

    private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(CityService.class);

    @Autowired
    private GeoClient geoClient;

    @Autowired
    private EOClient eoClient;

    /**
     *
     * @param rrCode
     * @return
     */
    public City getCityFromCode(String rrCode) {

        City city = new City();
        LinkedHashMap geoResponse = geoClient.getCityInfoByRRCode(rrCode);
        city.setRrCode(rrCode);
        LinkedHashMap result = (LinkedHashMap) geoResponse.get("City");
        if(result != null){
            city.setLabel((String) result.get("Name"));
        }else{
            city.setLabel("");
        }

        return city;
    }

    /**
     *
     * @param maxVia
     * @return
     */
    public List<OrigineDestination> getODFromMaxVia(String maxVia) {

        List<OrigineDestination> originesDestinations = new ArrayList<OrigineDestination>();
        OrigineDestination origineDestination;
        Trips odResponse = eoClient.getCityInfoByMAxVia(maxVia);

        for (Trip trip : odResponse.getTrip()) {
            origineDestination = new OrigineDestination();
            origineDestination.setOriginCity(trip.getOriginCity());
            origineDestination.setOriginStation(trip.getOriginStation());
            origineDestination.setDestinationCity(trip.getDestinationCity());
            origineDestination.setDestinationStation(trip.getDestinationStation());
            originesDestinations.add(origineDestination);
        }

        return originesDestinations;
    }

    /**
     *
     * @return
     */
    public Set<City> getOrigins() {
        List<OrigineDestination> retourOriginesDestination = getODFromMaxVia("1");
        Set<City> origins = new HashSet<>();
        Set<String> orrCodes = new HashSet<>();
        for (OrigineDestination origineDestination : retourOriginesDestination) {
            if (!orrCodes.contains(origineDestination.getOriginCity())) {
                orrCodes.add(origineDestination.getOriginCity());
                City city = new City();
                city.setRrCode(origineDestination.getOriginCity());
                city.setLabel(getCityFromCode(city.getRrCode()).getLabel());
                if(!city.getLabel().isEmpty()){
                    origins.add(city);
                }
            }
        }
        return origins;
    }

    /**
     *
     * @param origin
     * @return
     */
    public Set<City> getDestinations(String origin) {
        List<OrigineDestination> retourOriginesDestination = getODFromMaxVia("1");
        Set<City> matchedOrigins = new HashSet<>();
        Set<String> drrCodes = new HashSet<>();
        for (OrigineDestination origineDestination : retourOriginesDestination) {
            if (origin == null ||
                    (origin != null && origin.toUpperCase().equals(origineDestination.getOriginCity()))) {
                if (!drrCodes.contains(origineDestination.getDestinationCity())) {
                    drrCodes.add(origineDestination.getDestinationCity());
                    City city = new City();
                    city.setRrCode(origineDestination.getDestinationCity());
                    city.setLabel(getCityFromCode(city.getRrCode()).getLabel());
                    if(!city.getLabel().isEmpty()){
                        matchedOrigins.add(city);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        return matchedOrigins;
    }
}

我的测试类看起来像:

@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
public class CityServiceTest {

    @InjectMocks
    private CityService cityService;

    @Mock
    GeoClient geoClient;

    @Mock
    EOClient eoClient;

    @Test
    public void testGetOriginsCasOK() {
        cityService.getOrigins();
    }

    @Test
    public void testGetDestinationsCasOK() {
        cityService.getDestinations("FRPAR");
    }

    @Test
    public void testGetDestinationsCasKO() {
        cityService.getDestinations("FRET");
    }
}

我的问题是服务为空，我不想 mock 它。我尝试了几种注释，但没有找到该使用哪一种。

我做错了什么？

java.lang.NullPointerException
    at com.xxxx.matrixar.services.CityService.getODFromMaxVia(CityService.java:89)
    at com.xxxx.matrixar.services.CityService.getDestinations(CityService.java:129)
    at com.xxxx.matrixar.services.CityServiceTest.testGetDestinationsCasKO(CityServiceTest.java:40)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:44)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:271)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:70)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:50)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:238)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:63)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:236)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:53)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:229)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:309)
    at org.mockito.internal.runners.JUnit45AndHigherRunnerImpl.run(JUnit45AndHigherRunnerImpl.java:37)
    at org.mockito.runners.MockitoJUnitRunner.run(MockitoJUnitRunner.java:62)
    at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:160)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:67)

Answer 1

您需要指定模拟对象在实际调用时应返回的内容。

例如，在 CityService.getODFromMaxVia() 中，您调用 geoClient.getCityInfoByRRCode()，然后使用此调用返回的结果。

除非您指定其他内容，否则模拟将始终返回null:

when( geoClient.getCityInfoByRRCode( "FRPAR" ) ).thenReturn( ... );

这允许您绕过模拟对象中的复杂代码，并仅返回您在本例中期望的内容。

请记住:您在这里测试您的服务，而不是地理客户端。其他地方已经对地理客户端进行了测试，因此没有必要确保它在服务中使用时执行正确的操作。