sql - 如何在SQL中使用 "With"子句创建表

Question

我正在尝试使用 WITH 子句创建持久表，但是出现错误。

对于上下文，我目前找到的答案是

CREATE TABLE my_table
AS 
WITH my_tables_data AS ( 
   SELECT another_table.data1 AS some_value 
   FROM another_table
) 
SELECT * 
FROM some_data; 

但是，我收到一个错误

Msg 319, Level 15, State 1, Line 5 Incorrect syntax near the keyword 'with'. If this statement is a common table expression, an xmlnamespaces clause or a change tracking context clause, the previous statement must be terminated with a semicolon.

我的代码是

CREATE TABLE SalesOrdersPerYear  
WITH t1 AS (
    -- Define the CTE expression name and column list.  
    WITH Sales_CTE (SalesPersonID, BaseSalary)  
    AS  
    -- Define the CTE query.  
    (  
        SELECT SALES_PERSON.SALES_PERSON_ID, SALES_PERSON.BASE_SALARY  
        FROM SALES_PERSON  
        WHERE SALES_PERSON_ID IS NOT NULL  
    )  
    -- Define the outer query referencing the CTE name.  
    SELECT SalesPersonID, BaseSalary AS TotalSales  
    FROM Sales_CTE   
    ORDER BY SalesPersonID, BaseSalary;  
)

任何人都可以就此提供一些指导吗？

提前谢谢了!

Answer 1

这不是 sql server 的有效语法。您可以使用 CREATE TABLE 创建表并指定列名和类型，或者您可以执行 SELECT INTO包括数据的声明。

方法 1:创建表，然后填充:

CREATE TABLE SalesOrdersPerYear 
( SalesPersonID int, BaseSalary float)
;

WITH Sales_CTE (SalesPersonID, BaseSalary)  
AS  
(  
    SELECT SALES_PERSON.SALES_PERSON_ID, SALES_PERSON.BASE_SALARY  
    FROM SALES_PERSON  
    WHERE SALES_PERSON_ID IS NOT NULL 
)  
insert into SalesOrdersPerYear  
SELECT SalesPersonID, BaseSalary AS TotalSales  
FROM Sales_CTE   
ORDER BY SalesPersonID, BaseSalary;  

方法 2 - 一步完成

WITH Sales_CTE (SalesPersonID, BaseSalary)  
AS  
(  
    SELECT SALES_PERSON.SALES_PERSON_ID, SALES_PERSON.BASE_SALARY  
    FROM SALES_PERSON  
    WHERE SALES_PERSON_ID IS NOT NULL 
)  
select  SalesPersonID, BaseSalary AS TotalSales  
into SalesOrdersPerYear
FROM Sales_CTE   
ORDER BY SalesPersonID, BaseSalary;  

当您需要指定有关表的更多信息(主键、索引、外键等)时，请使用方法 1。

对于更临时的事情，请使用方法 2。 (您通常会在此处使用临时表，例如 #SalesOrdersPerYear)。

无论哪种方式，数据现在都存储在您的表中，您可以再次使用它。

使用临时表:

-- Check for existence and drop first to avoid errors if it already exists.
if OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#SalesOrdersPerYear') is not null
    drop table #SalesOrdersPerYear

WITH Sales_CTE (SalesPersonID, BaseSalary)  
AS  
(  
    SELECT SALES_PERSON.SALES_PERSON_ID, SALES_PERSON.BASE_SALARY  
    FROM SALES_PERSON  
    WHERE SALES_PERSON_ID IS NOT NULL 
)  
select  SalesPersonID, BaseSalary AS TotalSales  
into #SalesOrdersPerYear
FROM Sales_CTE   
ORDER BY SalesPersonID, BaseSalary;  

你也可以将它定义为一个表变量，它有点像两种方法之间的交叉:

declare @SalesOrdersPerYear table
( SalesPersonID int, BaseSalary float)
;

WITH Sales_CTE (SalesPersonID, BaseSalary)  
AS  
(  
    SELECT SALES_PERSON.SALES_PERSON_ID, SALES_PERSON.BASE_SALARY  
    FROM SALES_PERSON  
    WHERE SALES_PERSON_ID IS NOT NULL 
)  
insert into @SalesOrdersPerYear  
SELECT SalesPersonID, BaseSalary AS TotalSales  
FROM Sales_CTE   
ORDER BY SalesPersonID, BaseSalary;  

此选项仅在此批次中持续存在，不需要删除 - 就像任何其他变量一样。