r - 如何分隔字符值以在矩阵中除以正则表达式

Question

数据示例:

X <- as.matrix(c("2019.01.01 (TUE) A STADIUM       [spectator : 4000]", "2019.01.01 (TUE) C STADIUM       [spectator : 3600]", "2018.01.02 (WED) B STADIUM       [spectator : 2800]", "2019.01.02 (WED) D STADIUM       [spectator : 3500]"))
X
     [,1]                                                  
[1,] 2019.01.01 (TUE) A STADIUM       [spectator : 4000]
[2,] 2019.01.01 (TUE) C STADIUM       [spectator : 3600]
[3,] 2018.01.02 (WED) B STADIUM       [spectator : 2800]
[4,] 2019.01.02 (WED) D STADIUM       [spectator : 3500]

我想分隔此数据框的第 3 列或第 4 列。像这样:

         Day Day2    STADIUM   Spectator                                    
1 2019.01.01 TUE   A STADIUM    4000
2 2019.01.01 TUE   C STADIUM    3600
3 2018.01.02 WED   B STADIUM    2800
4 2019.01.02 WED   D STADIUM    3500

我尝试过的:str_split 返回列表。所以我使用了 str_split_fixed。它需要 n 值。我分配了n = 4。但它把标点符号分开了。

str_split_fixed(X, n = 4, '[[:punct:]]')
     [,1]   [,2] [,3]  [,4]                                     
[1,] "2019" "01" "01 " "TUE) A STADIUM       [spectator : 4000]"
[2,] "2019" "01" "01 " "TUE) C STADIUM       [spectator : 3600]"
[3,] "2018" "01" "02 " "WED) B STADIUM       [spectator : 2800]"
[4,] "2019" "01" "02 " "WED) D STADIUM       [spectator : 3500]"

Answer 1

我们可以通过定义要提取的捕获组来使用 tidyr::extract

tidyr::extract(data.frame(X), X, into = c("Day", "Day2", "Stadium", "Spectator"), 
           regex = "(.*)\\((.*)\\).*([A-Z]+ STADIUM).*spectator : (\\d+)")

#         Day  Day2   Stadium Spectator
#1 2019.01.01   TUE A STADIUM      4000
#2 2019.01.01   TUE C STADIUM      3600
#3 2018.01.02   WED B STADIUM      2800
#4 2019.01.02   WED D STADIUM      3500

我们在这里定义了 4 个捕获组。

1) 从文本的开头开始，直到遇到左圆括号。

2) 左圆括号和右圆括号之间的文本。

3) [A-Z] 中的一个或多个字符后跟单词 "STADIUM"

4)单词“spectator”后的数字。