python - 如何在 Django 中添加对评论的回复？

Question

我正在用 Django 制作我自己的博客，并且我已经制作了一个评论系统。注释:

class Comment(models.Model):
    post = models.ForeignKey(Post, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='comments')
    author = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    text = models.TextField()
    created_date = models.DateField(auto_now_add=True)
    parent = models.ForeignKey('self', null=True, related_name='replies')

    def __str__(self):
        return self.text

这是我使用评论的 .html

  {% for comment in post.comments.all %}
 <ul>
  {{ comment.text }}
  {% for reply in comment.replies.all %}
      <li>
          {{ reply.text }}
      </li>
  {% endfor %}
 <ul>
 {% endfor %}

显然它正在工作，但是当我尝试在 Django 的管理站点中发表评论时，它迫使我为每个评论添加一个“父级”(这不是强制性的，因为并非每个评论都是回复)我也没有知道如何在 HTML 文件中添加回复“按钮”。请帮助告诉我我可以做哪些更改来制作带有回复的简单评论框。非常感谢

Answer 1

我遇到了同样的问题并解决了如下问题:

1.
对于上面提到的管理站点，只需设置 blank=True对于父字段。我的评论模型:

class Comment(models.Model):
    post = models.ForeignKey(Post, related_name='comments')
    name = models.CharField(max_length=80)
    email = models.EmailField(max_length=200, blank=True)
    body = models.TextField()
    created = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
    updated = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True)
    # manually deactivate inappropriate comments from admin site
    active = models.BooleanField(default=True)
    parent = models.ForeignKey('self', null=True, blank=True, related_name='replies')

    class Meta:
        # sort comments in chronological order by default
        ordering = ('created',)

    def __str__(self):
        return 'Comment by {}'.format(self.name)

记得跑 makemigrations和 migrate

2.让我们从 View 开始。我正在使用 post_detail查看以显示帖子及其评论。我们添加一个 QuerySet 来检索此帖子的所有父级事件评论。在此之后，我们使用表单的 is_valid() 验证提交的数据。 .如果表单有效，我们检查提交的数据是否来自重播按钮表单中的隐藏输入。下一步如果 parent_id退出我们创建父对象( parent_obj )用于重播评论和 replay_comment对象，然后我们分配 parent_obj至 replay_comment .
如 parent_obj等于 None我们只是通过创建 new_comment 来进行正常的评论对象并将其保存到数据库中。

def post_detail(request, post):
    # get post object
    post = get_object_or_404(Post, slug=post)
    # list of active parent comments
    comments = post.comments.filter(active=True, parent__isnull=True)
    if request.method == 'POST':
        # comment has been added
        comment_form = CommentForm(data=request.POST)
        if comment_form.is_valid():
            parent_obj = None
            # get parent comment id from hidden input
            try:
                # id integer e.g. 15
                parent_id = int(request.POST.get('parent_id'))
            except:
                parent_id = None
            # if parent_id has been submitted get parent_obj id
            if parent_id:
                parent_obj = Comment.objects.get(id=parent_id)
                # if parent object exist
                if parent_obj:
                    # create replay comment object
                    replay_comment = comment_form.save(commit=False)
                    # assign parent_obj to replay comment
                    replay_comment.parent = parent_obj
            # normal comment
            # create comment object but do not save to database
            new_comment = comment_form.save(commit=False)
            # assign ship to the comment
            new_comment.post = post
            # save
            new_comment.save()
            return HttpResponseRedirect(post.get_absolute_url())
    else:
        comment_form = CommentForm()
    return render(request,
                  'core/detail.html',
                  {'post': post,
                   'comments': comments,
                   'comment_form': comment_form})

简单的评论表:

class CommentForm(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = Comment
        fields = ('name', 'email', 'body')

* 更多关于 ModelForm

最后是模板。我们需要创建两个表单。一种用于评论，另一种用于重播。这里有简单的模板:

<!-- Comments Form --> 
<h2>Add a new comment</h2>
<form action="." method="post">
    {{ comment_form.as_p }}
    {% csrf_token %}
    <button type="submit">Add comment</button>
</form>

<!-- Comment with nested comments -->
{% for comment in comments %}
    <div class="comment" style="background-color: powderblue">
        <p class="info">{{ comment.name }} | {{ comment.created }}</p>
            {{ comment.body|linebreaks }}

        {% for replay in comment.replies.all %}
            <p class="info">{{ replay.name }} | {{ replay.created }}</p>
            <li>{{ replay.body }}</li>
        {% endfor %}

        <h5>Replay</h5>
        <form action="." method="post">
            {{ comment_form.as_p }}
            {% csrf_token %}
            <!-- Hidden input for parent comment.id -->
            <input type="hidden" name="parent_id" value="{{ comment.id }}">
            <input class="btn btn-primary" type="submit" value="Replay">
        </form>
    </div>
{% empty %}
<h4>There are no comments yet.</h4>
{% endfor %}

只需添加一些漂亮的 css 和 jquery 即可淡入回复评论，仅此而已。