ocaml - opam upgrade 想降级一堆包

Question

我刚刚尝试了“opam 升级”并得到了(最终总结):

1 to install | 59 to reinstall | 3 to upgrade | 34 to downgrade | 0 to remove
Do you want to continue ? [Y/n]

降级 34 个包让我很紧张。为什么要这样做？

它想要降级的一些软件包示例:

• 将 llvm.3.2 降级到 3.1
• 将 ocamlfind.1.4.0 降级到 1.3.3 [bitstring、camltc、ezjsonm、fat-filesystem、google-drive-ocamlfuse、merlin、mirage-block-xen、mirage-console-xen、mirari、utop 需要]
• 将 SPOC.130624 降级为 121217
• 将 bitstring.2.0.4 降级为 2.0.3

• 将 camlzip.1.05 降级到 1.04 [google-drive-ocamlfuse 需要]

• 将 ezjsonm.0.2.0 降级为 0.1.0

• 将 gapi-ocaml.0.2.1 降级为 0.2 [google-drive-ocamlfuse 要求]
• 将 merlin.1.5 降级到 1.3
• 将 utop.1.10 降级到 1.9

当然，这让我有点紧张，所以我回答“n”。无论如何要解决这个问题？

opam 版本是 1.1.0。

编辑:我想我也可以发布整个结果:

$ opam upgrade
*The brute-force exploration algorithm timed-out [108 states, 5s].
You might need to add explicit version constraints to your request to get a better answer.*

The following actions will be performed:
 - install obuild.0.0.2 [required by mirari]
 - downgrade llvm.3.2 to 3.1
 - downgrade ocamlfind.1.4.0 to 1.3.3 [required by bitstring, camltc, ezjsonm, fat-filesystem,     google-drive-ocamlfuse, merlin, mirage-block-xen, mirage-console-xen, mirari, utop]
 - downgrade SPOC.130624 to 121217
 - downgrade bitstring.2.0.4 to 2.0.3
 - downgrade camlzip.1.05 to 1.04 [required by google-drive-ocamlfuse]
 - recompile camomile.0.8.5 [use ocamlfind]
 - recompile cmdliner.0.9.2 [use ocamlfind]
 - downgrade cryptokit.1.9 to 1.6 [required by google-drive-ocamlfuse]
 - recompile dypgen.20120619-1 [use ocamlfind]
 - recompile easy-format.1.0.1 [use ocamlfind]
 - recompile extlib-compat.1.6.1 [use ocamlfind]
 - downgrade fd-send-recv.1.0.1 to 1.0.0 [required by mirari]
 - downgrade herelib.109.35.02 to 109.35.00 [required by fat-filesystem, mirage-block-xen, mirage-console-xen]
 - recompile ipaddr.1.0.0 [use ocamlfind]
 - recompile lablgtk.2.16.0 [use ocamlfind]
 - recompile menhir.20130912 [use ocamlfind]
 - recompile mirage-types.1.0.0 [use ocamlfind]
 - recompile ocamlfuse.2.7.1-cvs [use ocamlfind]
 - downgrade ocurl.0.6.0 to 0.5.5 [required by google-drive-ocamlfuse]
 - recompile omake.0.9.8.6-0.rc1 [use ocamlfind]
 - recompile omd.0.9.0 [use ocamlfind]
 - recompile optcomp.1.5 [use ocamlfind]
 - downgrade ounit.2.0.0 to 1.1.2 [required by camltc, fat-filesystem, mirage-block-xen, mirage-console-xen]
 - recompile parmap.1.0-rc3 [use ocamlfind]
 - recompile pipebang.109.28.02 [use ocamlfind]
 - recompile re.1.2.1 [use ocamlfind]
 - recompile react.0.9.4 [use ocamlfind]
 - downgrade res.4.0.4 to 3.2.0 [required by fat-filesystem, mirage-block-xen, mirage-console-xen]
 - recompile sqlite3-ocaml.2.0.5 [use ocamlfind]
 - recompile ssl.0.4.6 [use ocamlfind]
 - downgrade type_conv.109.53.02 to 109.53.00 [required by fat-filesystem, mirage-block-xen, mirage-console-xen]
 - recompile ulex.1.1 [use ocamlfind]
 - recompile uutf.0.9.3 [use ocamlfind]
 - downgrade xmlm.1.2.0 to 1.1.1 [required by google-drive-ocamlfuse]
 - downgrade biniou.1.0.6 to 1.0.5 [required by google-drive-ocamlfuse, merlin]
 - recompile tuntap.0.7.0 [use ocamlfind]
 - recompile ocamldot.1.0 [use ocamlfind]
 - recompile ocamlgraph.1.8.3 [use ocamlfind]
 - recompile mirage-clock-unix.1.0.0 [use ocamlfind]
 - recompile mirage-clock-xen.1.0.0 [use ocamlfind]
 - downgrade camlimages.4.1.1 to 4.0.1
 - downgrade ocplib-endian.0.4 to 0.3 [required by fat-filesystem, mirage-block-xen, mirage-console-xen]
- downgrade uri.1.3.11 to 1.3.10
- recompile zed.1.2 [use ocamlfind]
- downgrade lwt.2.4.4 to 2.4.3 [required by camltc, fat-filesystem, mirage-block-xen, mirage-console-xen, utop]
- recompile ocamlnet.3.7.3 [use ocamlfind]
- recompile bin_prot.109.53.02 [use ocamlfind]
- recompile comparelib.109.27.02 [use ocamlfind]
- recompile dyntype.0.9.0 [use ocamlfind]
- downgrade fieldslib.109.20.02 to 109.20.00 [required by fat-filesystem, mirage-block-xen, mirage-console-xen]
 - recompile pa_ounit.109.53.02 [use ocamlfind]
 - downgrade sexplib.109.55.02 to 109.55.00 [required by fat-filesystem, mirage-block-xen, mirage-console-xen]
 - downgrade variantslib.109.15.02 to 109.15.00 [required by fat-filesystem, mirage-block-xen, mirage-console-xen]
 - recompile jsonm.0.9.1 [use ocamlfind]
- downgrade yojson.1.1.6 to 1.0.3 [required by google-drive-ocamlfuse, merlin]
 - downgrade mirari.0.9.7 to 0.9.3
 - recompile patoline.0.1 [use ocamlfind]
 - upgrade camltc.0.8.1 to 0.8.2
 - downgrade lambda-term.1.5 to 1.4 [required by utop]
 - recompile cow.0.9.1 [use ocamlfind]
 - recompile pa_bench.109.55.02 [use ocamlfind]
 - recompile custom_printf.109.27.02 [use ocamlfind]
 - recompile typerep.109.55.02 [use ocamlfind]
 - downgrade ezjsonm.0.2.0 to 0.1.0
 - downgrade gapi-ocaml.0.2.1 to 0.2 [required by google-drive-ocamlfuse]
 - downgrade merlin.1.5 to 1.3
 - downgrade utop.1.10 to 1.9
- recompile core_kernel.109.55.02 [use ocamlfind]
 - downgrade google-drive-ocamlfuse.0.5.2 to 0.4.4
 - recompile pa_test.109.53.02 [use ocamlfind]
 - recompile core.109.55.02 [use ocamlfind]
- recompile async_core.109.55.02 [use ocamlfind]
- recompile async_unix.109.55.02 [use ocamlfind]
 - recompile async_extra.109.55.02 [use ocamlfind]
- recompile async.109.53.02 [use ocamlfind]
 - recompile cstruct.1.0.1 [use ocamlfind]
 - recompile gen_server.2.0.1 [use ocamlfind]
 - upgrade cohttp.0.9.14 to 0.9.16
 - recompile io-page-unix.0.9.9 [use ocamlfind]
 - recompile io-page-xen.0.9.9 [use ocamlfind]
 - recompile mirage-fs-unix.1.0.0 [use ocamlfind]
 - downgrade shared-memory-ring.1.0.0 to 0.4.3 [required by mirage-block-xen, mirage-console-xen]
 - recompile xenstore.1.2.5 [use ocamlfind]
 - recompile cowabloga.0.0.3 [use ocamlfind]
 - recompile mirage-http-unix.1.0.0 [use ocamlfind]
 - downgrade mirage-block-unix.1.2.0 to 1.1.0 [required by fat-filesystem]
 - recompile mirage-net-unix.1.0.0 [use ocamlfind]
 - upgrade mirage.1.0.3 to 1.0.4
 - recompile mirage-unix.1.0.0 [use ocamlfind]
 - recompile mirage-xen.1.0.0 [use ocamlfind]
 - downgrade fat-filesystem.0.10.0 to 0.6.2
 - recompile mirage-console-unix.1.0.0 [use ocamlfind]
 - recompile mirage-tcpip-unix.0.9.5 [use ocamlfind]
 - downgrade mirage-block-xen.1.0.0 to 0.4.0
 - downgrade mirage-console-xen.1.0.1 to 1.0.0
  - recompile mirage-www.1.0.0 [use ocamlfind]
1 to install | 59 to reinstall | 3 to upgrade | 34 to downgrade | 0 to remove
Do you want to continue ? [Y/n] 

Answer 1

长话短说:OPAM 有一种表达能力很强的依赖关系语言，几个求解器都可以理解。默认情况下，OPAM 中包含的小而简单的求解器有点像 hack，当被推得太猛时会出现这种可怕的行为。此时，您应该安装一个外部求解器，例如 aspcud，它会做得更好。

上个月罗伯托·迪·科斯莫(Roberto Di Cosmo)发给caml-list的长邮件中有更多详细信息:

External dependency solvers for opam