python - def form_valid 用于 Django Rest 框架

Question

我是 Django Rest Framework 的新手。我一直在使用常规 Django，我想要类似于 Django 的 CreateView 的模型。

简介: super 用户是唯一的用户。所有患者属于用户，胚胎属于患者。一名患者可以拥有多个胚胎。以下是我的模型

class Patients(models.Model):
    user = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    first_name = models.CharField(max_length=25)
    last_name = models.CharField(max_length=35)
    email = models.EmailField(unique=True)   


class Embryo(models.Model):
    patient = models.ForeignKey(Patients, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    code_name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    karyotype = models.CharField(max_length=100)      
    GENDER_CHOICES = (
        ("M", "Male"),
        ("F", "Female"),    
    )
    sex = models.CharField(max_length=1, choices=GENDER_CHOICES)

我正在尝试为我的模型创建 View 。以下是我目前所掌握的内容

class PatientsApiView(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    """Handles Creating, reading and updating Patients"""

    serializer_class = serializers.PatientsSerializer
    queryset = Patients.objects.all()
    authentication_classes = (TokenAuthentication,)
    filter_backends = (filters.SearchFilter,)
    search_fields = ("first_name", "last_name", "phone", "email",)    

    def form_valid(self, form, *args, **kwargs):
        self.object = form.save(commit=False)
        self.object.user = self.request.user
        self.object.save()
        return super().form_valid(form)

"""How can I get the above with Django Rest Framework. Can I do:  
     def __getattr__(self, user):
                 return self.request.user
"""

下面是 EmbroApiView 的 View 集

class EmbroApiView(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    """Handles Creating, reading and updating Patients"""

    serializer_class = serializers.EmbryoSerializer
    queryset = Embryo.objects.all()
    authentication_classes = (TokenAuthentication,)
    filter_backends = (filters.SearchFilter,)
    search_fields = ("code_name", "karyotype", "sex", "down_syndrome",)

    def form_valid(self, form, *args, **kwargs):
        self.object = form.save(commit=False)            
        pk = self.kwargs.get('pk')
        self.object.patient = get_object_or_404(Patient, pk=pk)
        self.object.save()
        return super().form_valid(form)

"""How can I get the above with Django Rest Framework. Can I do:  
     def __getattr__(self, patient):
           return get_object_or_404(Patients, pk=self.patient.pk) 
"""

根据@Daniel Roseman 解决方案。我这样做正确吗？

class PatientsApiView(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    """Handles Creating, reading and updating Patients"""

    serializer_class = serializers.PatientsSerializer
    queryset = Patients.objects.all()
    authentication_classes = (TokenAuthentication,)
    filter_backends = (filters.SearchFilter,)
    permission_classes = (IsAuthenticated,)
    search_fields = ("first_name", "last_name", "phone", "email",)

    def perform_create(self, serializer):
        serializer.save(user=self.request.user)


class EmbroApiView(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    """Handles Creating, reading and updating Patients"""

    serializer_class = serializers.EmbryoSerializer
    queryset = Embryo.objects.all()
    authentication_classes = (TokenAuthentication,)
    filter_backends = (filters.SearchFilter,)
    permission_classes = (IsAuthenticated,)
    search_fields = ("code_name", "karyotype", "sex", "down_syndrome",)

    def perform_create(self, serializer):
        serializer.save(patient_id=self.kwargs['pk'])

Answer 1

我不知道你为什么在评论中提到__getattr__，这与此无关。

创建和更新时执行额外操作的 Hook 称为 perform_create 和 perform_update。如the docs显示，你可以这样做:

def perform_create(self, serializer)
    serializer.save(user=self.request.user)

等等