python - Pyzmq 高水位线在 pub 套接字上不起作用

Question

根据 ZeroMQ 文档，一旦排队的消息数量达到高水位线，pub 套接字就会删除消息。

这在以下示例中似乎不起作用(是的，我确实在绑定(bind)/连接之前设置了 hwm):

import time
import pickle
from threading import Thread
import zmq

ctx = zmq.Context()

def pub_thread():
    pub = ctx.socket(zmq.PUB)
    pub.set_hwm(2)
    pub.bind('tcp://*:5555')

    i = 0
    while True:
        # Send message every 100ms
        time.sleep(0.1)
        pub.send_string("test", zmq.SNDMORE)
        pub.send_pyobj(i)
        i += 1

def sub_thread():
    sub = ctx.socket(zmq.SUB)
    sub.subscribe("test")
    sub.connect('tcp://localhost:5555')
    while True:
        # Receive messages only every second
        time.sleep(1)
        msg = sub.recv_multipart()
        print("Sub: %d" % pickle.loads(msg[1]))

t_pub = Thread(target=pub_thread)
t_sub = Thread(target=sub_thread)
t_pub.start()
t_sub.start()

while True:
    pass

我在 pub 上发送消息的速度比在子套接字上读取消息的速度快 10 倍，hwm 设置为 2。我预计大约每 10 条消息就会收到一次。相反，我看到以下输出:

Sub: 0
Sub: 1
Sub: 2
Sub: 3
Sub: 4
Sub: 5
Sub: 6
Sub: 7
Sub: 8
Sub: 9
Sub: 10
Sub: 11
Sub: 12
Sub: 13
Sub: 14
...

所以我看到所有消息都到达，因此它们被保存在某个队列中直到我读取它们。在连接之前在子套接字上添加 hwm=2 时也是如此。

我做错了什么或者我误解了hwm？

我使用pyzmq版本17.1.2

Answer 1

借用issue which I opened in Github的答案，我已将我的答案更新如下:

<小时/>

Messages are held in operating system's network buffers. I have found HWMs to be not that useful because of that. Here is modified code where subscriber misses messages:

import time
import pickle
import zmq
from threading import Thread
import os

ctx = zmq.Context()

def pub_thread():
    pub = ctx.socket(zmq.PUB)
    pub.setsockopt(zmq.SNDHWM, 2)
    pub.setsockopt(zmq.SNDBUF, 2*1024)  # See: http://api.zeromq.org/4-2:zmq-setsockopt
    pub.bind('tcp://*:5555')
    i = 0
    while True:
        time.sleep(0.001)
        pub.send_string(str(i), zmq.SNDMORE)
        pub.send(os.urandom(1024))
        i += 1

def sub_thread():
    sub = ctx.socket(zmq.SUB)
    sub.setsockopt(zmq.SUBSCRIBE, b'')
    sub.setsockopt(zmq.RCVHWM, 2)
    sub.setsockopt(zmq.RCVBUF, 2*1024)
    sub.connect('tcp://localhost:5555')
    while True:
        time.sleep(0.1)
        msg, _ = sub.recv_multipart()
        print("Received:", msg.decode())

t_pub = Thread(target=pub_thread)
t_pub.start()
sub_thread()

---

Output looks something like this:

Received: 0
Received: 1
Received: 2
Received: 3
Received: 4
Received: 5
Received: 6
Received: 47
Received: 48
Received: 64
Received: 65
Received: 84
Received: 85
Received: 159
Received: 160
Received: 270

---

Messages are missed because all queues/buffers are full and publisher starts to drop messages (see documentation for ZMQ_PUB: http://api.zeromq.org/4-2:zmq-socket).

<小时/>

[注意]:

• 您应该在监听者/订阅者和广告商/发布者中使用高水位线选项。
• 这些帖子也相关 ( Post1 - Post2 )
• sock.setsockopt(zmq.CONFLATE, 1) 是另一种仅获取订阅者端定义的最后一条消息的选项。