r - R-找不到-llapack和找不到-lblas

Question

由于某些原因，我无法安装openair:

sudo su - -c "R -e \"devtools::install_github('davidcarslaw/openair')\""

结果:

Installing package into ‘/usr/local/lib/R/site-library’
(as ‘lib’ is unspecified)
* installing *source* package ‘openair’ ...
** using staged installation
** libs
g++ -std=gnu++11 -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG  -I"/usr/local/lib/R/site-library/Rcpp/include"   -fpic  -g -O2 -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-V0XiTa/r-base-3.6.1=. -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -c cluster.cpp -o cluster.o
gcc -std=gnu99 -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG  -I"/usr/local/lib/R/site-library/Rcpp/include"   -fpic  -g -O2 -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-V0XiTa/r-base-3.6.1=. -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -c init.c -o init.o
g++ -std=gnu++11 -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG  -I"/usr/local/lib/R/site-library/Rcpp/include"   -fpic  -g -O2 -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-V0XiTa/r-base-3.6.1=. -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -c rolling.cpp -o rolling.o
g++ -std=gnu++11 -shared -L/usr/lib/R/lib -Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -Wl,-z,relro -o openair.so cluster.o init.o rolling.o -llapack -lblas -lgfortran -lm -lquadmath -L/usr/lib/R/lib -lR
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -llapack
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lblas
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [/usr/share/R/share/make/shlib.mk:6: openair.so] Error 1
ERROR: compilation failed for package ‘openair’
* removing ‘/usr/local/lib/R/site-library/openair’
Error: Failed to install 'openair' from GitHub:
  (converted from warning) installation of package ‘/tmp/Rtmp36VYYZ/file18ef44881cd2/openair_2.6-5.tar.gz’ had non-zero exit status
Execution halted

我想念什么？

我在Ubuntu 19.04上。

Answer 1

许多R软件包需要特定的基础DLL(共享对象)进行编译，并且它们的软件包名称通常带有-dev后缀。在我的16.04 Ubuntu系统上，我看到:

$ apt list --installed | egrep 'lapack|blas'

WARNING: apt does not have a stable CLI interface. Use with caution in scripts.

libblas-common/xenial,now 3.6.0-2ubuntu2 amd64 [installed,automatic]
libblas-dev/xenial,now 3.6.0-2ubuntu2 amd64 [installed,automatic]
libblas3/xenial,now 3.6.0-2ubuntu2 amd64 [installed,automatic]
liblapack-dev/xenial,now 3.6.0-2ubuntu2 amd64 [installed,automatic]
liblapack3/xenial,now 3.6.0-2ubuntu2 amd64 [installed,automatic]

(我也经常作弊，看看:

$ ll /var/lib/dpkg/info/*lapack*.list
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 318 Apr 27  2017 /var/lib/dpkg/info/liblapack3.list
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 288 Apr 27  2017 /var/lib/dpkg/info/liblapack-dev.list

尽管查看方式不快速或不灵活，但它可以让我快速查看文件列表(这些文件)或安装前/安装后脚本(如果存在)。只是一个hack。)

如果没有两个 -dev软件包，则可以使用以下任一方法或同时安装:

apt-get install libblas-dev liblapack-dev