regex - 使用正则表达式匹配模式并存储到数组中

Question

我有一个类似的帖子(见 other post)，但从那时起我想做的事情略有不同。我正在使用与该问题相同的正则表达式匹配 /79(week\d+[a-z])/i。

我有一个包含六行的文件，每行都有不同的路径。例如，包含字符串“cat”的 3 行和包含字符串“dog”的 3 行。

文件.txt

/mypath/sd-urt7-dfc-adfj345h-d0-79week48a-DFC-lk-my_cat.text  
/mypath/sd-urt7-afd-parent-79week46d-AFD-lk-my_cat.text  
/mypath/sd-urt7-ert-parent-79week50c-ERT-lk-my_cat.text 
/mypath/sd-urt7-dfc-adfj345h-d0-79week48a-DFC-lk-my_dog.text  
/mypath/sd-urt7-afd-parent-79week46d-AFD-lk-my_dog.text  
/mypath/sd-urt7-ert-parent-79week49b-ERT-lk-my_dog.text 

我想从每个路径中取出“weekxxX”部分并将其打印到文件中。这是我目前所拥有的:

use strict;
use warnings;
use feature qw(say);
use autodie;

    open (my $fh, '<', "file.txt") or die "Couldn't open `file.txt`\n";

    foreach my $line (<$fh>){ #goes through each line in the file

        chomp $line; #chomps new line character from each line

        if ($line =~ /cat/) { #if the path includes string "cat"
            #use the regex at top of post to get weekxxX of each
            #path containing cat and print all 3 weekxxX into 
            #another file called cat.  

            open (my $cat, '>', "cat.txt") or die;
            print $cat "";
            close $cat; 

        }
        elsif ($line =~ /dog/) { #otherwise if the path includes string "dog"3

            #use the regex at top of post to get weekxxX of each
            #path containing cat and print all 3 weekxxX into 
            #another file called dog.  

            open (my $dog, '>', "dog.txt") or die;
            print $dog "";
            close $dog;
        }
    }
    close $fh;

我认为这可以通过在所有三个路径上使用正则表达式来完成(取决于它是狗还是猫)，将所有三周以 weekxxX 格式推送到一个数组中，然后将该数组打印到文件中？我真的不确定如何实现这一点。

Answer 1

use warnings;
use strict;
use feature 'say';
use autodie qw(open);

my $file = shift // die "Usage: $0 filename\n";  #/

# Patterns that determine what file to write to    
my ($p1, $p2) = qw(cat dog);

# Open output files, one for each pattern
my %fh_out = map { open my $fh, '>', "$_.txt"; $_ => $fh } ($p1, $p2); 

open my $fh, '<', $file;

while (<$fh>) {
    if ( my ($week, $type) = /79(week\d+[a-z]).*?($p1|$p2)/i ) {
        say {$fh{$type}} $week;
    }
}