python - 调试: Crawled (404)

Question

我正在尝试提取有关 kaggle 提供的各种比赛的数据。

我尝试通过 shell 以及代码从网站获取数据，但失败了。我尝试将 HTTPERROR_ALLOWED_CODES = [404] 添加到setting.py 并设置 ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = False，但错误并没有消失。

enter code here

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    import scrapy
    class KaggleSpider(scrapy.Spider):

    name = 'kaggle'
    allowed_domains = ['www.kaggle.com/competitions']
    start_urls = ['https://www.kaggle.com/competitions/']

    def parse(self, response):
        #Extracting the content using css selectors
        titles = response.css('.sc-hpbwTc::text').extract()
        description = response.css('.sc-ekLiME::text').extract()
        rewards = response.css('.sc-jWgUIs::text').extract()
        print(titles)

        #Give the extracted content row wise
        for item in zip(titles,description,rewards):
            #create a dictionary to store the scraped info
            scraped_info = {
                'title' : item[0],
                'vote' : item[1],
                'created_at' : item[2],
            }

            #yield or give the scraped info to scrapy
            yield scraped_info

C:\Users\Vartika Singh\ourfirstscraper1>scrapy crawl kaggle
2019-05-20 00:16:07 [scrapy.utils.log] INFO: Scrapy 1.6.0 started (bot: ourfirstscraper1)
2019-05-20 00:16:07 [scrapy.utils.log] INFO: Versions: lxml 4.3.3.0, libxml2 2.9.5, cssselect 1.0.3, parsel 1.5.1, w3lib 1.20.0, Twisted 19.2.0, Python 3.6.5 (v3.6.5:f59c0932b4, Mar 28 2018, 17:00:18) [MSC v.1900 64 bit (AMD64)], pyOpenSSL 19.0.0 (OpenSSL 1.1.1b  26 Feb 2019), cryptography 2.6.1, Platform Windows-10-10.0.17763-SP0
2019-05-20 00:16:07 [scrapy.crawler] INFO: Overridden settings: {'BOT_NAME': 'ourfirstscraper1', 'NEWSPIDER_MODULE': 'ourfirstscraper1.spiders', 'SPIDER_MODULES': ['ourfirstscraper1.spiders']}
2019-05-20 00:16:07 [scrapy.extensions.telnet] INFO: Telnet Password: 397df34cf4a967c1
2019-05-20 00:16:07 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled extensions:
['scrapy.extensions.corestats.CoreStats',
 'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole',
 'scrapy.extensions.logstats.LogStats']
2019-05-20 00:16:07 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled downloader middlewares:
['scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpauth.HttpAuthMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.downloadtimeout.DownloadTimeoutMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.defaultheaders.DefaultHeadersMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.useragent.UserAgentMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.retry.RetryMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.redirect.MetaRefreshMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpcompression.HttpCompressionMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.redirect.RedirectMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.cookies.CookiesMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpproxy.HttpProxyMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.stats.DownloaderStats']
2019-05-20 00:16:07 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled spider middlewares:
['scrapy.spidermiddlewares.httperror.HttpErrorMiddleware',
 'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.offsite.OffsiteMiddleware',
 'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.referer.RefererMiddleware',
 'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.urllength.UrlLengthMiddleware',
 'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.depth.DepthMiddleware']
2019-05-20 00:16:07 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled item pipelines:
[]
2019-05-20 00:16:07 [scrapy.core.engine] INFO: Spider opened
2019-05-20 00:16:07 [scrapy.extensions.logstats] INFO: Crawled 0 pages (at 0 pages/min), scraped 0 items (at 0 items/min)
2019-05-20 00:16:07 [scrapy.extensions.telnet] INFO: Telnet console listening on 127.0.0.1:6023
2019-05-20 00:16:09 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (404) <GET https://www.kaggle.com/competitions/> (referer: None)
[]
2019-05-20 00:16:09 [scrapy.core.engine] INFO: Closing spider (finished)
2019-05-20 00:16:09 [scrapy.statscollectors] INFO: Dumping Scrapy stats:
{'downloader/request_bytes': 226,
 'downloader/request_count': 1,
 'downloader/request_method_count/GET': 1,
 'downloader/response_bytes': 285,
 'downloader/response_count': 1,
 'downloader/response_status_count/404': 1,
 'finish_reason': 'finished',
 'finish_time': datetime.datetime(2019, 5, 19, 18, 46, 9, 403376),
 'log_count/DEBUG': 1,
 'log_count/INFO': 9,
 'response_received_count': 1,
 'scheduler/dequeued': 1,
 'scheduler/dequeued/memory': 1,
 'scheduler/enqueued': 1,
 'scheduler/enqueued/memory': 1,
 'start_time': datetime.datetime(2019, 5, 19, 18, 46, 7, 962228)}
2019-05-20 00:16:09 [scrapy.core.engine] INFO: Spider closed (finished)

Answer 1

要解决 404 错误，设置用户代理即可。您可以在“settings.py”或蜘蛛本身中执行此操作:

custom_settings = { 
    'USER_AGENT': 'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux x86_64; rv:66.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/66.0; 
}

除此之外，您将无法使用您拥有的选择器来抓取比赛。这些元素是在页面加载后由一些 JavaScript 代码动态创建的。不过，您可以在<script>中找到您想要的数据。标签。要恢复它，您可以使用正则表达式 .re_first() 。例如。

def parse(self, response):
    data = json.loads((
        response
        .css(r"script:contains('Kaggle.State.push({\"')")
        .re_first(r'Kaggle.State.push\((.+?)\);')
    ))

    for group in data['fullCompetitionGroups']:
        if group['totalCompetitions'] > 0:
            for competition in group['competitions']:
                yield {
                    'title': competition['competitionTitle'],
                    'description': competition['competitionDescription'],
                    'reward': competition['rewardDisplay'],
                }