python - 无法在 wxPython 中将自定义 Sizer 作为父级添加到其子级小部件

Question

我目前正在尝试使用 wxPython 制作 GUI。布局是 GUI 右侧的一个面板，带有 3 个 StaticBoxSizer。其中一个比其他的复杂得多，能够通过单击按钮向其中添加更多元素，因此我决定分解 GUI 文件并为其创建一个自定义类，以尝试使代码更丰富清楚。

该类的当前初始化程序如下所示:

class MonitorBox(wx.StaticBoxSizer):
    def __init__(self, monitors, pins, devices, *args, **kw):
        super().__init__(*args, **kw)
        self.monitors = monitors
        self.pin_choices = pins
        self.dev_choices = devices
        self.InitUI()

    def InitUI(self):
        monList = wx.FlexGridSizer(cols=4, vgap=5, hgap=5)
        add_monitor = wx.Button(self, wx.ID_ANY, "Add Monitor")
        add_monitor.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.on_add_button)

        # create list headings
        nametxt = wx.StaticText(self, wx.ID_ANY, "Name:")
        devtxt = wx.StaticText(self, wx.ID_ANY, "Device:")
        pintxt = wx.StaticText(self, wx.ID_ANY, "Pin:")
        blnktxt = wx.StaticText(self, wx.ID_ANY, "")

        # Add Headings to sizer
        monList.AddMany([nametxt, devtxt, pintxt, blnktxt])
        self.monitor_rows = {}  # dictionary to store references to all the widgets

        # Create a row for each item in the mons dictionary
        for monitor, dev in self.mons.items():
            del_mon_button = wx.Button(self, wx.ID_ANY, '-', name=monitor, style=wx.BU_EXACTFIT)
            del_mon_button.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.on_del_monitor)
            mon_name = wx.TextCtrl(self, wx.ID_ANY, monitor,
                                   style=wx.TE_PROCESS_ENTER,
                                   name=monitor)
            dev_name = wx.ComboBox(self, wx.ID_ANY, choices=self.dev_choices,
                                   style=wx.CB_READONLY, value=dev[0],
                                   name=monitor)
            pin_name = wx.ComboBox(self, wx.ID_ANY, choices=self.pin_choices[dev[0]],
                                   style=wx.CB_READONLY, value=dev[1],
                                   name=monitor)

            dev_name.Bind(wx.EVT_COMBOBOX, self.on_dev_choice)
            pin_name.Bind(wx.EVT_COMBOBOX, self.on_pin_choice)
            self.monitor_rows[monitor] = [mon_name, dev_name, pin_name, del_mon_button]
            monList.AddMany(self.monitor_rows[monitor])
        # TODO: make sure all the combo boxes are the same size
        self.monList = monList
        self.Add(monList, 1, wx.ALL, 5)
        self.Add(add_monitor, 0, wx.ALL, 5)

但是，当我尝试运行 GUI 时，出现错误:

add_monitor = wx.Button(self, wx.ID_ANY, "Add Monitor")
TypeError: Button(): arguments did not match any overloaded call:
  overload 1: too many arguments
  overload 2: argument 1 has unexpected type 'MonitorBox'

我相信这是因为我试图使用我的自定义类作为其中所有小部件的父类，但我很困惑为什么会发生这种情况？

我对创建 GUI 非常陌生(这是我的第一个项目)，但我目前正在检查和修复对 parent 等的所有引用。因此，我很难知道要搜索的正确术语看看其他人是否也遇到过这个问题。

我的原始代码只是从 GUI 的主 wx.Frame 调用的 InitUI(self) 函数，并将 monBox 创建为 StaticBoxSizer，这也直接添加了所有子窗口小部件。正如一开始提到的，我想将其拆分的原因是因为该面板创建了许多事件处理程序和附加对话框，我想将它们保留在单独的文件中以帮助保持代码的可读性。

原始代码(未拆分为单独的类)生成如图所示的“监视器”面板:

Answer 1

问题是您从 wx.StaticBoxSizer 和 wx.Button 派生出 MonitorBox 类。只能是窗口的子窗口(wx.Frame、wx.Panel 等)，而不是 sizer (wx.StaticBoxSizer)。

如果您想分离代码，那么您的 MonitorBox 类应该来自 wx.Panel。请参阅下面的代码(及其注释)以了解执行此操作的方法。

import wx

class MonitorBox(wx.Panel):
    """
    This is the class with all the widgets in your MonitorBox class.
    You need to arrange the widget in a sizer here. 
    """
    def __init__(self, parent):
        super().__init__(parent=parent)

        #### Parent panel
        # No need to define a parent panel because the class itself is already a
        # panel. So self refers to a panel.

        #### Widgets
        # Here self is a panel not a sizer like in your question. So no problem
        # adding the button.
        self.add_monitor = wx.Button(self, wx.ID_ANY, "Add Monitor")
        #### Sizers
        self.sizer = wx.BoxSizer()
        #### Add widgets to sizer
        self.sizer.Add(self.add_monitor, flag=wx.CENTER)
        #### Add sizer to panel
        self.SetSizer(self.sizer)
        self.Fit()

class Main(wx.Frame):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__(None, title='Panel 3 comes from a different class',
                         size=(500, 500))
        #### Parent panel
        self.panel = wx.Panel(self)

        #### Some widgets
        ## The Static Box widget
        self.monitorsBox = wx.StaticBox(self.panel, label="Monitors")

        self.panelB = wx.Panel(self.panel, size=(200, 100))
        self.panelB.SetBackgroundColour((0, 0, 255))
        self.panelR = wx.Panel(self.panel, size=(200, 100))
        self.panelR.SetBackgroundColour((255, 0, 0))
        ## Add panel 3 as a child of the wx.StaticBox!!!
        self.panel3 = MonitorBox(self.monitorsBox)

        #### Sizers
        ## Main sizer
        self.sizer = wx.FlexGridSizer(3, 1, 5, 5)
        ## Sizers for the static box
        # The static box sizer
        self.monitorsBoxSizer = wx.StaticBoxSizer(self.monitorsBox, wx.VERTICAL)
        # Sizer for the content of the static box
        self.monitorsBoxSizerContent = wx.BoxSizer()

        #### Add widgets to sizers
        ## Static box content
        self.monitorsBoxSizerContent.Add(self.panel3, flag=wx.EXPAND)
        self.monitorsBoxSizer.Add(self.monitorsBoxSizerContent)
        ## Add everything to the main sizer
        self.sizer.Add(self.panelB, flag=wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL, border=10)
        self.sizer.Add(self.panelR, flag=wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL, border=10)
        self.sizer.Add(self.monitorsBoxSizer, flag=wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL, border=10)

        #### Add sizer to self.panel
        self.panel.SetSizer(self.sizer)
        self.panel.Fit()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = wx.App()                            
    frame = Main()
    frame.Show()  
    app.MainLoop()

在原始代码中，主类很可能是从 wx.Frame 派生的，对吧？如果没有，请忽略其余部分。这就是它起作用的原因。因为您将按钮设置为框架的子级而不是大小调整器。