mysql 说 root@localhost 是用空密码创建的!但是什么都没有发生。我错过了什么？

Question

这开始于 root 密码重置练习 - 但遇到了各种错误:目前卡在 3306 端口上的冲突中。如果您想跳过前面的步骤，请参阅问题的最后几段(随着我的进步，我一直在更新问题和标题)。谢谢你。

我有一台安装了 mysql 的 mac - 但我不记得密码，因此我一直在尝试使用以下方法重置它: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/resetting-permissions.html (section:B.5.3.2.2 Resetting the Root Password: Unix and Unix-Like Systems) 。

运行此命令时:mysqld --init-file=/home/me/mysql-init &
我收到此错误:

`[1] 70374
Deepaks-MacBook-Air:data root# 2018-05-06T08:35:29.269289Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2018-05-06T08:35:29.271535Z 0 [Note] --secure-file-priv is set to NULL. Operations related to importing and exporting data are disabled
2018-05-06T08:35:29.272815Z 0 [Note] mysqld (mysqld 5.7.21) starting as process 70374 ...
2018-05-06T08:35:29.290319Z 0 [Warning] Setting lower_case_table_names=2 because file system for /usr/local/var/mysql/ is case insensitive
2018-05-06T08:35:29.290429Z 0 [ERROR] Fatal error: Please read "Security" section of the manual to find out how to run mysqld as root!

2018-05-06T08:35:29.290472Z 0 [ERROR] Aborting

2018-05-06T08:35:29.290494Z 0 [Note] Binlog end
2018-05-06T08:35:29.293896Z 0 [Note] mysqld: Shutdown complete

[1]+  Done(1)`

因此我正在尝试这个命令: sudo /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start --init-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql-init
但现在我收到此错误: ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/usr/local/mysql/data/Deepaks-MacBook-Air.local.pid).
以下是日志文件的内容:

2018-05-06T08:03:52.799002Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2018-05-06T08:03:52.801385Z 0 [Note] --secure-file-priv is set to NULL. Operations related to importing and exporting data are disabled
2018-05-06T08:03:52.801495Z 0 [Note] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld (mysqld 5.7.21) starting as process 69954 ...
2018-05-06T08:03:52.810622Z 0 [Warning] Setting lower_case_table_names=2 because file system for /usr/local/mysql/data/ is case insensitive
2018-05-06T08:03:52.832273Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
2018-05-06T08:03:52.832306Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Uses event mutexes
2018-05-06T08:03:52.832313Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: GCC builtin __atomic_thread_fence() is used for memory barrier
2018-05-06T08:03:52.832319Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3
2018-05-06T08:03:52.832780Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Number of pools: 1
2018-05-06T08:03:52.833783Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions
2018-05-06T08:03:52.838027Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, total size = 128M, instances = 1, chunk size = 128M
2018-05-06T08:03:52.856588Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
2018-05-06T08:03:52.876537Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Highest supported file format is Barracuda.
2018-05-06T08:03:52.899436Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Creating shared tablespace for temporary tables
2018-05-06T08:03:52.900043Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Setting file './ibtmp1' size to 12 MB. Physically writing the file full; Please wait ...
2018-05-06T08:03:52.944160Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: File './ibtmp1' size is now 12 MB.
2018-05-06T08:03:52.946174Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: 96 redo rollback segment(s) found. 96 redo rollback segment(s) are active.
2018-05-06T08:03:52.946218Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: 32 non-redo rollback segment(s) are active.
2018-05-06T08:03:52.946641Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start
2018-05-06T08:03:53.001405Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: 5.7.21 started; log sequence number 2551377
2018-05-06T08:03:53.001712Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Loading buffer pool(s) from /usr/local/mysql-5.7.21-macos10.13-x86_64/data/ib_buffer_pool
2018-05-06T08:03:53.001962Z 0 [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled.
2018-05-06T08:03:53.019470Z 0 [Warning] Failed to set up SSL because of the following SSL library error: SSL context is not usable without certificate and private key
2018-05-06T08:03:53.020660Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Buffer pool(s) load completed at 180506 13:33:53
2018-05-06T08:03:53.026724Z 0 [Note] Server hostname (bind-address): '*'; port: 3306
2018-05-06T08:03:53.026844Z 0 [Note] IPv6 is available.
2018-05-06T08:03:53.026872Z 0 [Note]   - '::' resolves to '::';
2018-05-06T08:03:53.026926Z 0 [Note] Server socket created on IP: '::'.
2018-05-06T08:03:53.087999Z 0 [Note] Event Scheduler: Loaded 0 events
2018-05-06T08:03:53.088163Z 0 [Note] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld: ready for connections.
Version: '5.7.21'  socket: '/tmp/mysql.sock'  port: 3306  MySQL Community Server (GPL)
2018-05-06T08:12:46.664218Z 2 [Note] Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)
2018-05-06T09:35:55.013341Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: page_cleaner: 1000ms intended loop took 2948657ms. The settings might not be optimal. (flushed=0 and evicted=0, during the time.)

出了什么问题，如何解决这个问题？

PS:我一直在指这两个 SO，并且正在尝试所有答案中的几乎所有解决方案 - 重置权限以删除 /usr/local/var/mysql 中的所有文件。它仍然是同样的问题，我怀疑它与 mysqld 没有正常运行有关 - 是否有一种特殊的方法可以以 root 身份运行它。我目前正在尝试通过 sudo -i 在终端中以 root 模式运行。有人可以帮我调试这个吗？谢谢

mysql版本:

> mysql --version
mysql  Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.21, for osx10.12 (x86_64) using  EditLine wrapper

更新:我阅读了安全文档——显然你不应该以 root 模式运行它。所以我使用 exit 注销。

现在，我遇到以下情况:

Deepaks-MacBook-Air:mysql deepak$ mysqld --init-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql-init &
[2] 72004
Deepaks-MacBook-Air:mysql deepak$ mysqld: Can't change dir to '/usr/local/var/mysql/' (Errcode: 2 - No such file or directory)
2018-05-06T10:59:48.877152Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2018-05-06T10:59:48.880902Z 0 [Note] --secure-file-priv is set to NULL. Operations related to importing and exporting data are disabled
2018-05-06T10:59:48.881775Z 0 [Note] mysqld (mysqld 5.7.21) starting as process 72004 ...
2018-05-06T10:59:48.897332Z 0 [Warning] Can't create test file /usr/local/var/mysql/Deepaks-MacBook-Air.lower-test
2018-05-06T10:59:48.897395Z 0 [Warning] Can't create test file /usr/local/var/mysql/Deepaks-MacBook-Air.lower-test
2018-05-06T10:59:48.897593Z 0 [ERROR] failed to set datadir to /usr/local/var/mysql/
2018-05-06T10:59:48.897607Z 0 [ERROR] Aborting

2018-05-06T10:59:48.897624Z 0 [Note] Binlog end
2018-05-06T10:59:48.899188Z 0 [Note] mysqld: Shutdown complete

我怀疑这是由于删除了我的/usr/local/var/mysql 目录，正如其他答案之一所建议的那样。我已经使用 rm -rf 删除了它。我在 mkdir mysql 中创建了一个新目录 var 并运行 mysqld --init-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql-init & ，它最初给了我一个 pid 但随后日志问我 3306 端口是否已被占用:

2018-05-06T11:04:14.215705Z 0 [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled.
mysqld: Table 'mysql.plugin' doesn't exist
2018-05-06T11:04:14.218651Z 0 [ERROR] Can't open the mysql.plugin table. Please run mysql_upgrade to create it.
2018-05-06T11:04:14.225038Z 0 [Note] Salting uuid generator variables, current_pid: 72031, server_start_time: 1525604653, bytes_sent: 0, 
2018-05-06T11:04:14.225601Z 0 [Note] Generated uuid: '36553708-511d-11e8-ba65-c83fe4b8ed7b', server_start_time: 1828179975261387404, bytes_sent: 140216128435712
2018-05-06T11:04:14.225667Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 36553708-511d-11e8-ba65-c83fe4b8ed7b.
2018-05-06T11:04:14.241961Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2018-05-06T11:04:14.391057Z 0 [Note] Auto generated SSL certificates are placed in data directory.
2018-05-06T11:04:14.391874Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2018-05-06T11:04:14.490103Z 0 [Note] Auto generated RSA key files are placed in data directory.
2018-05-06T11:04:14.499147Z 0 [Note] Server hostname (bind-address): '127.0.0.1'; port: 3306
2018-05-06T11:04:14.499239Z 0 [Note]   - '127.0.0.1' resolves to '127.0.0.1';
2018-05-06T11:04:14.499424Z 0 [Note] Server socket created on IP: '127.0.0.1'.
2018-05-06T11:04:14.499495Z 0 [ERROR] Can't start server: Bind on TCP/IP port: Address already in use
2018-05-06T11:04:14.499503Z 0 [ERROR] Do you already have another mysqld server running on port: 3306 ?
2018-05-06T11:04:14.499536Z 0 [ERROR] Aborting

我的 /usr/local/ 中实际上有两个文件夹 - mysql 和 mysql-5.7.21-macos10.13-x86_64 。整个过程到目前为止，我一直在'mysql folder and haven't really touched mysql-5.7.21-macos10.13-x86_64`中运行。它们内部似乎具有相同的目录结构。

此外，当我执行 ps aux | grep mysql 时，我会得到三个进程:

Deepaks-MacBook-Air:local deepak$ ps aux | grep mysql
deepak           72071 100.0  0.0  2443044   1992 s002  S+    4:44PM   0:00.01 grep mysql
_mysql           71985   0.0  0.2  2852472  13132   ??  Ss    4:25PM   0:00.66 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --user=_mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysqld.local.err --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysqld.local.pid --keyring-file-data=/usr/local/mysql/keyring/keyring --early-plugin-load=keyring_file=keyring_file.so
root             71967   0.0  0.1  2460804   7992 s002  T     4:23PM   0:00.03 sudo mysqld --init-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql-init

但是，当我继续杀死第二个或第三个时，它们只会在我再次执行 ps aux 时重新出现。

另外，我通常使用端口转发连接到远程 MySQL 主机。所以，每隔一段时间，我在本地脚本中运行 "ssh -fNT -L 3307:localhost:3306 -i ~/key/deepak_ubuntu_16feb.pem ubuntu@ec2-AWS-HOS-TNA-ME.compute-1.amazonaws.com"
这可能是冲突吗？

更新:
好吧，我忽略了另一个目录，只是简单地更改了端口，现在似乎避免了冲突，但现在有一个不同的问题:mysql.sock.lock 无法访问？

Deepaks-MacBook-Air:mysql deepak$ mysqld --init-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql-init --port=3308 &
[2] 72160
Deepaks-MacBook-Air:mysql deepak$ 2018-05-06T11:32:45.441642Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2018-05-06T11:32:45.443453Z 0 [Note] --secure-file-priv is set to NULL. Operations related to importing and exporting data are disabled
2018-05-06T11:32:45.444202Z 0 [Note] mysqld (mysqld 5.7.21) starting as process 72160 ...
2018-05-06T11:32:45.463651Z 0 [Warning] Setting lower_case_table_names=2 because file system for /usr/local/var/mysql/ is case insensitive
2018-05-06T11:32:45.478310Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
2018-05-06T11:32:45.478366Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Uses event mutexes
2018-05-06T11:32:45.478375Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: GCC builtin __atomic_thread_fence() is used for memory barrier
2018-05-06T11:32:45.478384Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3
2018-05-06T11:32:45.480830Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Number of pools: 1
2018-05-06T11:32:45.483263Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions
2018-05-06T11:32:45.487576Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, total size = 128M, instances = 1, chunk size = 128M
2018-05-06T11:32:45.507092Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
2018-05-06T11:32:45.538289Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Highest supported file format is Barracuda.
2018-05-06T11:32:45.565701Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Creating shared tablespace for temporary tables
2018-05-06T11:32:45.565987Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Setting file './ibtmp1' size to 12 MB. Physically writing the file full; Please wait ...
2018-05-06T11:32:45.622322Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: File './ibtmp1' size is now 12 MB.
2018-05-06T11:32:45.623627Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: 96 redo rollback segment(s) found. 96 redo rollback segment(s) are active.
2018-05-06T11:32:45.623652Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: 32 non-redo rollback segment(s) are active.
2018-05-06T11:32:45.623974Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start
2018-05-06T11:32:45.678385Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: 5.7.21 started; log sequence number 1209980
2018-05-06T11:32:45.678936Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Loading buffer pool(s) from /usr/local/var/mysql/ib_buffer_pool
2018-05-06T11:32:45.680200Z 0 [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled.
2018-05-06T11:32:45.680346Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Buffer pool(s) load completed at 180506 17:02:45
mysqld: Table 'mysql.plugin' doesn't exist
2018-05-06T11:32:45.680885Z 0 [ERROR] Can't open the mysql.plugin table. Please run mysql_upgrade to create it.
2018-05-06T11:32:45.684081Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2018-05-06T11:32:45.686185Z 0 [Note] Found ca.pem, server-cert.pem and server-key.pem in data directory. Trying to enable SSL support using them.
2018-05-06T11:32:45.686212Z 0 [Note] Skipping generation of SSL certificates as certificate files are present in data directory.
2018-05-06T11:32:45.691365Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2018-05-06T11:32:45.691562Z 0 [Note] Skipping generation of RSA key pair as key files are present in data directory.
2018-05-06T11:32:45.693912Z 0 [Note] Server hostname (bind-address): '127.0.0.1'; port: 3308
2018-05-06T11:32:45.694589Z 0 [Note]   - '127.0.0.1' resolves to '127.0.0.1';
2018-05-06T11:32:45.694853Z 0 [Note] Server socket created on IP: '127.0.0.1'.
2018-05-06T11:32:45.695047Z 0 [ERROR] Could not open unix socket lock file /tmp/mysql.sock.lock.
2018-05-06T11:32:45.695067Z 0 [ERROR] Unable to setup unix socket lock file.
2018-05-06T11:32:45.695092Z 0 [ERROR] Aborting

好的，所以我进入 /tmp/ 并尝试检查文件的权限 - 下面是结果:

Deepaks-MacBook-Air:tmp deepak$ stat mysql.sock.lock 
16777220 3413029 -rw------- 1 _mysql wheel 0 6 "May  6 16:25:35 2018" "May  6 16:25:35 2018" "May  6 16:25:35 2018" "May  6 16:25:35 2018" 4096 8 0 mysql.sock.lock
Deepaks-MacBook-Air:tmp deepak$ stat mysql.sock
16777220 3413030 srwxrwxrwx 1 _mysql wheel 0 0 "May  6 16:25:44 2018" "May  6 16:25:44 2018" "May  6 16:25:44 2018" "May  6 16:25:35 2018" 4096 0 0 mysql.sock

我正在尝试此 SO post https://stackoverflow.com/questions/34954455/mysql-daemon-lock-issue 中的解决方案，更改所有者的答案不起作用。我有点犹豫要不要解除锁定。

好的，这篇文章: https://support.rackspace.com/how-to/checking-linux-file-permissions-with-ls/ 非常简洁地解释了如何读取这些权限——显然在我的例子中 _mysql 用户和轮子分别是所有者和组。这是没有意义的，因为我从未在 wheel 上下文之外的任何内容中遇到 .whl，而且在今天之前我还没有遇到 _mysql。我之前尝试使用 su - _mysql 更改为该用户，但我猜不到密码 - 不确定 mysql 是否默认设置了这一点，在这种情况下我现在很困惑。

更新:
好的，我解决了我的 Chowning 问题:

Deepaks-MacBook-Air:tmp deepak$ sudo chown deepak mysql.sock
Deepaks-MacBook-Air:tmp deepak$ sudo chown deepak mysql.sock.lock
Deepaks-MacBook-Air:tmp deepak$ stat mysql.sock.lock
16777220 3413029 -rw------- 1 deepak wheel 0 6 "May  6 16:25:35 2018" "May  6 16:25:35 2018" "May  6 17:26:54 2018" "May  6 16:25:35 2018" 4096 8 0 mysql.sock.lock
Deepaks-MacBook-Air:tmp deepak$ stat mysql.sock
16777220 3413030 srwxrwxrwx 1 deepak wheel 0 0 "May  6 16:25:44 2018" "May  6 16:25:44 2018" "May  6 17:26:22 2018" "May  6 16:25:35 2018" 4096 0 0 mysql.sock

但是，这会导致另一个错误: Can't open and lock privilege tables: Table 'mysql.user' doesn't exist 。

Deepaks-MacBook-Air:mysql deepak$ mysqld --init-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql-init --port=3308 &
[2] 72244
Deepaks-MacBook-Air:mysql deepak$ 2018-05-06T11:57:33.454182Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2018-05-06T11:57:33.456455Z 0 [Note] --secure-file-priv is set to NULL. Operations related to importing and exporting data are disabled
2018-05-06T11:57:33.457505Z 0 [Note] mysqld (mysqld 5.7.21) starting as process 72244 ...
2018-05-06T11:57:33.470925Z 0 [Warning] Setting lower_case_table_names=2 because file system for /usr/local/var/mysql/ is case insensitive
2018-05-06T11:57:33.482170Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
2018-05-06T11:57:33.482216Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Uses event mutexes
2018-05-06T11:57:33.482224Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: GCC builtin __atomic_thread_fence() is used for memory barrier
2018-05-06T11:57:33.482231Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3
2018-05-06T11:57:33.486263Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Number of pools: 1
2018-05-06T11:57:33.489217Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions
2018-05-06T11:57:33.494624Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, total size = 128M, instances = 1, chunk size = 128M
2018-05-06T11:57:33.513877Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
2018-05-06T11:57:33.546517Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Highest supported file format is Barracuda.
2018-05-06T11:57:33.575022Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Creating shared tablespace for temporary tables
2018-05-06T11:57:33.575404Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Setting file './ibtmp1' size to 12 MB. Physically writing the file full; Please wait ...
2018-05-06T11:57:33.620985Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: File './ibtmp1' size is now 12 MB.
2018-05-06T11:57:33.622662Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: 96 redo rollback segment(s) found. 96 redo rollback segment(s) are active.
2018-05-06T11:57:33.622693Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: 32 non-redo rollback segment(s) are active.
2018-05-06T11:57:33.623068Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start
2018-05-06T11:57:33.677963Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: 5.7.21 started; log sequence number 1209999
2018-05-06T11:57:33.679157Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Loading buffer pool(s) from /usr/local/var/mysql/ib_buffer_pool
2018-05-06T11:57:33.680426Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Buffer pool(s) load completed at 180506 17:27:33
2018-05-06T11:57:33.681987Z 0 [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled.
mysqld: Table 'mysql.plugin' doesn't exist
2018-05-06T11:57:33.684004Z 0 [ERROR] Can't open the mysql.plugin table. Please run mysql_upgrade to create it.
2018-05-06T11:57:33.688066Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2018-05-06T11:57:33.690386Z 0 [Note] Found ca.pem, server-cert.pem and server-key.pem in data directory. Trying to enable SSL support using them.
2018-05-06T11:57:33.690502Z 0 [Note] Skipping generation of SSL certificates as certificate files are present in data directory.
2018-05-06T11:57:33.694745Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2018-05-06T11:57:33.694856Z 0 [Note] Skipping generation of RSA key pair as key files are present in data directory.
2018-05-06T11:57:33.695461Z 0 [Note] Server hostname (bind-address): '127.0.0.1'; port: 3308
2018-05-06T11:57:33.696028Z 0 [Note]   - '127.0.0.1' resolves to '127.0.0.1';
2018-05-06T11:57:33.696184Z 0 [Note] Server socket created on IP: '127.0.0.1'.
2018-05-06T11:57:33.700436Z 0 [Warning] Failed to open optimizer cost constant tables

2018-05-06T11:57:33.704524Z 0 [ERROR] Fatal error: Can't open and lock privilege tables: Table 'mysql.user' doesn't exist

2018-05-06T11:57:33.704983Z 0 [ERROR] Aborting

好的，通过使用 chown 将所有者从 _mysql 更改为我的普通帐户解决了这个问题，但现在问题是:

Deepaks-MacBook-Air:mysql deepak$ mysqld --initialize-insecure --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --init-file=/usr/local/mysql/mysql-init --port=3308 &
[2] 72328
Deepaks-MacBook-Air:mysql deepak$ 2018-05-06T12:21:01.547203Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2018-05-06T12:21:01.550869Z 0 [ERROR] Can't find error-message file '/usr/local/mysql-5.7.21-macos10.13-x86_64/share/mysql/errmsg.sys'. Check error-message file location and 'lc-messages-dir' configuration directive.
2018-05-06T12:21:01.557694Z 0 [ERROR] --initialize specified but the data directory has files in it. Aborting.
2018-05-06T12:21:01.557751Z 0 [ERROR] Aborting

这是我解决这个问题的方法:共享文件夹没有 mysql 目录，而是在 english 目录中有 errmsg.sys，我只是将此文件复制到我在共享文件夹中创建的新目录中: mkdir mysql 。

这有效，但随后显示:

Can't create directory '/usr/local/mysql/data/' (Errcode: 13 - Permission denied)
2018-05-06T12:49:13.313038Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2018-05-06T12:49:13.316262Z 0 [Warning] Using pre 5.5 semantics to load error messages from /usr/local/mysql-5.7.21-macos10.13-x86_64/share/mysql/.
2018-05-06T12:49:13.316285Z 0 [Warning] If this is not intended, refer to the documentation for valid usage of --lc-messages-dir and --language parameters.
2018-05-06T12:49:13.322333Z 0 [ERROR] Aborting

使用 chown，我将 mysql 目录的所有者更改为我的常规用户帐户(奇怪的是 mysql-5.7.21-macos10.13-x86_64 目录不会将其所有者从 root 和 wheel 组更改为任何内容，即使我对它进行了 sudo'ed .

所以现在来自 mysqld --initialize-insecure --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --init-file=/usr/local/mysql/mysql-init --port=3308 & 的 /usr/local/mysql/ 命令显示以下输出:

Deepaks-MacBook-Air:local deepak$ mysqld --initialize-insecure --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --init-file=/usr/local/mysql/mysql-init --port=3308 &
[2] 72460
Deepaks-MacBook-Air:local deepak$ 2018-05-06T12:52:51.009693Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2018-05-06T12:52:51.013089Z 0 [Warning] Using pre 5.5 semantics to load error messages from /usr/local/mysql-5.7.21-macos10.13-x86_64/share/mysql/.
2018-05-06T12:52:51.013108Z 0 [Warning] If this is not intended, refer to the documentation for valid usage of --lc-messages-dir and --language parameters.
2018-05-06T12:52:51.020232Z 0 [Warning] Setting lower_case_table_names=2 because file system for /usr/local/mysql/data/ is case insensitive
2018-05-06T12:52:51.549560Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2018-05-06T12:52:51.614133Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2018-05-06T12:52:51.692927Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 630bcd34-512c-11e8-934a-45e8be00c2cf.
2018-05-06T12:52:51.711501Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2018-05-06T12:52:51.847929Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2018-05-06T12:52:51.903182Z 1 [Warning] root@localhost is created with an empty password ! Please consider switching off the --initialize-insecure option.

这看起来不错，但什么也没有发生。是这个吗？我现在可以开始使用我的 SequelPro 连接到 'localhost:3308' 吗？还是我需要解决其他一些问题，例如设置临时密码？在此之前，我是否需要进入另一个终端窗口来尝试 mysql -u root 并保持运行或什么？

另外，当我不使用 ps aux | grep mysql 时，它​​会像以前一样显示三个进程，但没有显示 72460 mysqld 现在刚刚向我展示的那个进程。这是我需要关心的事情吗？

这是我第一次这样做，我现在不敢做任何事情，以免破坏过去几个小时解决此问题的努力。

我该如何解决？谢谢!

更新:最终问题:

好的，我正在处理最后一组问题，将在一个单独的问题中提出。

1)
Deepaks-MacBook-Air:App deepak$ mysql -u root
ERROR 2002 (HY000): 无法通过 socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' 连接到本地 MySQL 服务器 (2)

和

2)

Deepaks-MacBook-Air:App deepak$ mysqladmin -u root
mysqladmin  Ver 8.42 Distrib 5.7.21, for osx10.12 on x86_64
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Administration program for the mysqld daemon.
Usage: mysqladmin [OPTIONS] command command....

3)在我的系统偏好设置> MySQL，它说“ MySQL server instance is STOPPED”。

Answer 1

首先，以 root 身份运行的问题是 mysqld 不想拥有 root 权限。不过，以 root 身份运行它并没有错，因为默认情况下数据目录不应对您自己的用户可写。只需告诉它删除权限并以“mysql”用户身份运行，这是 mysqld 在 macOS 上运行的默认用户，可能是拥有数据目录的用户(注意“_mysqld”和“mysql”指的是同一用户macOS 由于历史原因)。您可以通过添加 -u mysql 来做到这一点。到mysqld的命令行。

这两个目录实际上应该只有一个目录(具有包含版本号的长名称)和一个符号链接(symbolic link)(/usr/local/mysql 指向该目录)。这就是 MySQL 安装程序的设置方式，符号链接(symbolic link)始终指向已安装的最新版本的 MySQL。

您看到的另一个正在运行的 mysqld 是从 launchd 启动的。这也是 MySQL 安装程序设置的内容。您可以使用 MySQL 首选项 Pane (默认情况下应安装)将其关闭。否则，macOS 将继续重新启动它，因为它将关闭解释为随机故障。首选项 Pane 应位于系统首选项中底行末尾的某个位置。

端口转发的事情应该不是问题。它只会在 ssh 连接启动时处于事件状态，它甚至不会转发相同的本地端口。