python - django.core.exceptions.FieldError : Local field 'email' in class 'User' clashes with field of similar name from base class 'AbstractUser'

Question

我在我的reg_group应用的models.py中创建了一个AbstractUser类

from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser
from django.db import models
from django.utils.html import escape, mark_safe


class User(AbstractUser):
    is_client = models.BooleanField(default=False)
    is_agency = models.BooleanField(default=False)
    is_vendor = models.BooleanField(default=False)
    email = models.EmailField(max_length=255, default=None, blank=True, null=True)


class User_Info(models.Model):
    user = models.OneToOneField(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE, primary_key=True)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.user.name

我还有另一个应用程序通知，其models.py如下:

from django.db import models
from swampdragon.models import SelfPublishModel
from .serializers import NotificationSerializer


class Notification(SelfPublishModel, models.Model):
    serializer_class = NotificationSerializer
    message = models.TextField()

当我运行python manage.py runserver时，我收到错误

django.core.exceptions.FieldError: Local field 'email' in class 'User' clashes with field of similar name from base class 'AbstractUser'

但是notification数据库中没有email字段。

数据库的原始代码是这样的:

CREATE TABLE "notifications_notification" (
    "id"    integer NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
    "level" varchar(20) NOT NULL,
    "actor_object_id"   varchar(255) NOT NULL,
    "verb"  varchar(255) NOT NULL,
    "description"   text,
    "target_object_id"  varchar(255),
    "action_object_object_id"   varchar(255),
    "timestamp" datetime NOT NULL,
    "public"    bool NOT NULL,
    "action_object_content_type_id" integer,
    "actor_content_type_id" integer NOT NULL,
    "recipient_id"  integer NOT NULL,
    "target_content_type_id"    integer,
    "deleted"   bool NOT NULL,
    "emailed"   bool NOT NULL,
    "data"  text,
    "unread"    bool NOT NULL,
    FOREIGN KEY("recipient_id") REFERENCES "reg_group_user"("id") DEFERRABLE INITIALLY DEFERRED,
    FOREIGN KEY("target_content_type_id") REFERENCES "django_content_type"("id") DEFERRABLE INITIALLY DEFERRED,
    FOREIGN KEY("actor_content_type_id") REFERENCES "django_content_type"("id") DEFERRABLE INITIALLY DEFERRED,
    FOREIGN KEY("action_object_content_type_id") REFERENCES "django_content_type"("id") DEFERRABLE INITIALLY DEFERRED
);

这当然是自动生成的。

我不明白为什么在没有这样的公共(public)字段时会出现字段冲突错误？

Answer 1

您的 User 模型中不需要有 Email 字段，因为它已经存在于 AbstractUser 中。所以只需更改此:

class User(AbstractUser):
    is_client = models.BooleanField(default=False)
    is_agency = models.BooleanField(default=False)
    is_vendor = models.BooleanField(default=False)
    email = models.EmailField(max_length=255, default=None, blank=True, null=True)

对此:

class User(AbstractUser):
    is_client = models.BooleanField(default=False)
    is_agency = models.BooleanField(default=False)
    is_vendor = models.BooleanField(default=False)

您可以继续使用 Email 字段，因为它包含在 AbstractUser 中。

有关其他信息，请参阅 Django Docs