python - SCRAPY:每次我的蜘蛛爬行时，它都会抓取同一页面(第一页)

Question

我已经编写了一段代码，使用Python中的Scrapy来抓取页面。下面我粘贴了 main.py 代码。但是，每当我运行我的蜘蛛时，它仅从第一页抓取(DEBUG:从<200 https://www.tuscc.si/produkti/instant-juhe>抓取)，这也是请求中的Referer标题(检查时)。

我尝试添加“Request Payload”字段数据的来源，该数据粘贴在此处:{"action":"loadList","skip":64,"filter":{"1005":[], "1006":[],"1007":[],"1009":[],"1013":[]}}，当我尝试用它打开页面时(在此监视中修改:

https://www.tuscc.si/produkti/instant-juhe#32;'action':'loadList';'skip':'32';'sort':'none'

)，浏览器将其打开。但 scrapy shell 却没有。我还尝试添加请求 URL 中的数字:https://www.tuscc.si/cache/script/tuscc.js?1563872492384 ，其中查询字符串参数为1563872492384；但它仍然不会从请求的页面上抓取。

另外，我尝试了很多变体并添加了很多东西，所有这些都是我在网上阅读的只是为了看看是否会有进展，但没有......

代码是:

from scrapy.spiders import CrawlSpider
from tus_pomos.items import TusPomosItem
from tus_pomos.scrapy_splash import SplashRequest


class TusPomosSpider(CrawlSpider):
    name = 'TUSP'
    allowed_domains = ['www.tuscc.si']
    start_urls = ["https://www.tuscc.si/produkti/instant-juhe#0;1563872492384;",
                  "https://www.tuscc.si/produkti/instant-juhe#64;1563872492384;", ]
    download_delay = 5.0

    def start_requests(self):
        # payload = [
        #     {"action": "loadList",
        #      "skip": 0,
        #      "filter": {
        #          "1005": [],
        #          "1006": [],
        #          "1007": [],
        #          "1009": [],
        #          "1013": []}
        #      }]
        for url in self.start_urls:
            r = SplashRequest(url, self.parse, magic_response=False, dont_filter=True, endpoint='render.json', meta={
                'original_url': url,
                'dont_redirect': True},
                              args={
                                  'wait': 2,
                                  'html': 1
                              })
            r.meta['dont_redirect'] = True
            yield r

    def parse(self, response):
        items = TusPomosItem()
        pro = response.css(".thumb-box")
        for p in pro:
            pro_link = p.css("a::attr(href)").extract_first()
            pro_name = p.css(".description::text").extract_first()
            items['pro_link'] = pro_link
            items['pro_name'] = pro_name
            yield items

总之，我请求抓取分页中的所有页面，例如此页面(我也尝试使用命令 scrapy shell url):

https://www.tuscc.si/produkti/instant-juhe#64;1563872492384;

但响应始终是第一页，并且重复抓取它:

https://www.tuscc.si/produkti/instant-juhe

如果您能帮助我，我将不胜感激。谢谢

<小时/>

PARSE_DETAILS 生成器函数

def parse_detail(self, response):
    items = TusPomosItem()
    pro = response.css(".thumb-box")
    for p in pro:
        pro_link = p.css("a::attr(href)").extract_first()
        pro_name = p.css(".description::text").extract_first()
        items['pro_link'] = pro_link
        items['pro_name'] = pro_name
        my_details = {
            'pro_link': pro_link,
            'pro_name': pro_name
        }
        with open('pro_file.json', 'w') as json_file:
            json.dump(my_details, json_file)

        yield items
        # yield scrapy.FormRequest(
        #     url='https://www.tuscc.si/produkti/instant-juhe',
        #     callback=self.parse_detail,
        #     method='POST',
        #     headers=self.headers
        #     )

在这里，我不确定是否应该按原样分配“items”变量，还是从response.body中获取它？另外，产量应该是这样，还是应该用请求来改变它(它被给定的答案代码部分复制)？

我是新来的，所以感谢您的理解!

Answer 1

从发出的底层请求中获取数据可能更有效，而不是使用 Splash 来呈现页面。下面的代码遍历所有包含文章的页面。在parse_detail下，您可以编写逻辑将响应中的数据加载到json中，您可以在其中找到产品的“pro_link”和“pro_name”。

import scrapy
import json
from scrapy.spiders import Spider
from ..items import TusPomosItem


class TusPomosSpider(Spider):
    name = 'TUSP'
    allowed_domains = ['tuscc.si']
    start_urls = ["https://www.tuscc.si/produkti/instant-juhe"]
    download_delay = 5.0

    headers = {
        'Origin': 'https://www.tuscc.si',
        'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate, br',
        'Accept-Language': 'en-GB,en;q=0.9,nl-BE;q=0.8,nl;q=0.7,ro-RO;q=0.6,ro;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.4',
        'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_5) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/75.0.3770.142 Safari/537.36',
        'Content-Type': 'application/json; charset=UTF-8',
        'Accept': 'application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01',
        'X-Requested-With': 'XMLHttpRequest',
        'Connection': 'keep-alive',
        'Referer': 'https://www.tuscc.si/produkti/instant-juhe',
    }

    def parse(self, response):
        number_of_pages = int(response.xpath(
            '//*[@class="paginationHolder"]//@data-size').extract_first())
        number_per_page = int(response.xpath(
            '//*[@name="pageSize"]/*[@selected="selected"]/text()').extract_first())

        for page_number in range(0, number_of_pages):
            skip = number_per_page * page_number
            data = {"action": "loadList",
                    "filter": {"1005": [], "1006": [], "1007": [], "1009": [],
                               "1013": []},
                    "skip": str(skip),
                    "sort": "none"
                    }
            yield scrapy.Request(
                url='https://www.tuscc.si/produkti/instant-juhe',
                callback=self.parse_detail,
                method='POST',
                body=json.dumps(data),
                headers=self.headers
                )

    def parse_detail(self, response):
        detail_page = json.loads(response.text)
        for product in detail_page['docs']:
            item = TusPomosItem()
            item['pro_link'] = product['url']
            item['pro_name'] = product['title']
            yield item