python - 如何使用另一个函数终止函数中的 while 循环。 (井字棋游戏)

Question

我正在用 Python 编写一个 Tic Tac Toe 程序。我已经制作了打印棋盘、接受用户输入并实际玩游戏的功能(棋盘会随着每次输入而变化)。但是，我似乎无法在主 exec() 函数中运行我的 output(gboard) 函数来终止 while True: 循环。代码如下:

def board(gboard):
    print("\n"*10)
    print(gboard[7]+'|'+gboard[8]+'|'+gboard[9])
    print(gboard[4]+'|'+gboard[5]+'|'+gboard[6])
    print(gboard[1]+'|'+gboard[2]+'|'+gboard[3])


def outcome(gboard):
    global ini
    if(gboard[1] == 'X') and (gboard[2] == 'X') and gboard[3] == 'X':
        print('Winner is X!')
        ini = 0
        return ini



def exec():
    move_counter = 0
    ini = 1
    winner = 'X'
    outcomes = ['X','O']

    print("Welcome to Tic Tac Toe!")
    print("Here's how the game works:\nEach number on the keypad represents a place on the table.")
    print("For example the number 1 stands for the box in column 1 row 3, while number 6 stands for column 3 row 2.")
    print("You will tell the computer where you wish to play using this system!")
    print("\n"*2+"Here is a visual representation of the board and the key numbers: ")
    print('7|8|9')
    print('4|5|6')
    print('1|2|3')
    print('If you wish to play X in the middle, you tell the computer to place X in position 5. Here is how a blank board will evolve:')
    print(' | | ')
    print(' |X| ')
    print(' | | ')
    print("So. Let's play!")

    player2 = None
    player1 = input('Player 1, would you like to be X or O(represents the letter)?: ')
    player1 = player1.upper()
    if(player1 == 'X'):
        player2 = 'O'
    else:
        player2 = 'X'
    print(f"Ok. Player 1 is {player1} and so that means that Player 2 is {player2}")


    gboard = ['#',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ']
    while True:
        move = int(input('Player 1, where would you like to play?: '))
        gboard[move] = player1
        move_counter += 1
        board(gboard)
        outcome(gboard)
        if(ini == 0) or move_counter == 9:
            break

        move2 = int(input('Player 2, where would you like to play?: '))
        gboard[move2] = player2
        move_counter += 1
        board(gboard)
        outcome(gboard)

        if(ini == 0) or move_counter == 9:
            break





    print('DONE!')
exec()

在该代码中，如果底行全是 X，我只输入了一个获胜条件 - 这就是我用来测试程序的条件。当我运行该程序并输入带有 X 的底行时，它会打印“Winner is X!”但不会打破 while 循环。然而，当 move_counter 达到 9 时，它会中断 while 循环。下面是执行过程:

  Welcome to Tic Tac Toe!
Here's how the game works:
Each number on the keypad represents a place on the table.
For example the number 1 stands for the box in column 1 row 3, while number 6 stands for column 3 row 2.
You will tell the computer where you wish to play using this system!


Here is a visual representation of the board and the key numbers:
7|8|9
4|5|6
1|2|3
If you wish to play X in the middle, you tell the computer to place X in position 5. Here is how a blank board will evolve:
 | |
 |X|
 | |
So. Let's play!
Player 1, would you like to be X or O(represents the letter)?: X
Ok. Player 1 is X and so that means that Player 2 is O
Player 1, where would you like to play?: 1
 | |
 | |
X| |
Player 2, where would you like to play?: 4
 | |
O| |
X| |
Player 1, where would you like to play?: 2
 | |
O| |
X|X|
Player 2, where would you like to play?: 5
 | |
O|O|
X|X|
Player 1, where would you like to play?: 3
 | |
O|O|
X|X|X
Winner is X!
Player 2, where would you like to play?:

我不希望程序在获胜者确定后询问玩家 2 他们想在哪里玩。为什么我的结果函数没有跳出 while 循环？

Answer 1

您的 exec 函数中的 ini 变量似乎与 outcome 中的 ini 变量不同函数(一种是局部变量，一种是全局变量)。您可以通过将 exec 函数中的 ini 声明为全局变量来解决此问题，如下所示:

def exec():
    move_counter = 0
    global ini <------- here
    ini = 1
    winner = 'X'
    outcomes = ['X','O']

祝你好运!