python - 使用Python读取文件中包含多个单词的字符串

Question

我在将包含多个单词的整个字符串存储到 Python 的列表中时遇到问题。给定一个包含学生信息(例如名字、姓氏、专业和年份)的文件，如下所示:

Terrence Jones    Computer Science    Freshman
Amy Johnson       Biology             Freshman
Craig Anderson    Criminal Justice    Sophomore

等等..

我的目标是创建一个将这些属性存储到列表中的程序。名字和姓氏是有效的，但是当我进入专业时，有些专业比其他专业长，我遇到了一个问题。这是我尝试使用的代码:

def main():
    survey = open("survey.txt", "r")
    lines = survey.readlines()

    firstNames = [] # list that stores first names of students that filled out survey
    lastNames = [] # list that stores last names of students that filled out survey
    major = [] # list that stores the major of students that filled out survey
    year = [] # list that stores the classification year of students that filled out survey

    for count in lines:
        # stores the information from file into the attributes for students
        firstNames.append(count.split(' ')[0])
        lastNames.append(count.split(' ')[1])
        major.append(count.split()[2])
        year.append(count.split()[3])

这是我打印专业列表时的输出:

['Computer', 'Biology', 'Criminal', ...]

我期待一个会显示的输出

['Computer Science', 'Biology', 'Criminal Justice', ...]

这也会影响年份列表，因为如果它有多个单词，它会从专业停止处开始。有谁知道这个问题的解决方法或者我做错了什么？

Answer 1

不要指望空格的数量。反而;根据列宽对线进行切片:

0.................18..................38
Terrence Jones    Computer Science    Freshman

例如:

for line in lines:
    full_name = line[:18].strip()
    firstNames.append(full_name.split(" ")[0])
    lastNames.append(full_name.split(" ")[1])
    major.append(line[18:38].strip())
    year.append(line[38:].strip())