java 盒子面具不工作

Question

这里的想法是创建一个盒子网格。黑色网格下面是另一个由多种颜色的盒子组成的网格。当您单击一个框时，它的 mask 会消失，显示下面的彩色框。然后，如果颜色与万岁相匹配，则单击第二个框，如果不匹配，则游戏继续。这是代码。

import java.applet.Applet;
import java.awt.Button;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class GuessingGame extends Applet{
  /**
   * 
   */
  private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
  private final int START_X = 20;
  private final int START_Y = 40;
  private final int ROWS = 4;
  private final int COLS = 4;
  private final int BOX_WIDTH = 20;
  private final int BOX_HEIGHT = 20;
  //this is used to keep track of boxes that have been matched.
  private boolean matchedBoxes[][];
  //this is used to keep track of two boxes that have been clicked.
  private MaskableBox chosenBoxes[];
  private MaskableBox boxes[][];
  private Color boxColors[][];
  private Button resetButton;


  public void init() {
    boxes = new MaskableBox[ROWS][COLS];
    boxColors = new Color[ROWS][COLS];
    resetButton = new Button("Reset Colors");
     resetButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
       public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
           randomizeColors();
           buildBoxes();
           repaint();
       }
     });
     add(resetButton);
     //separate building colors so we can add a button later
     //to re-randomize them.
    randomizeColors();
    buildBoxes();
  }

  public void paint(Graphics g) {
    for (int row =0; row < boxes.length; row ++) {
      for (int col = 0; col < boxes[row].length; col++) {
        if(boxes[row][col].isClicked()) {
          //boxes[row][col].setMaskColor(Color.black);
          //boxes[row][col].setMask(!boxes[row][col].isMask());
          //boxes[row][col].setClicked(false);
        //}
          if (!matchedBoxes[row][col]) {
            gameLogic(boxes[row][col]);
            //boxes[row][col].draw(g);
          }
        }
      }
     }
  //loop through the boxes and draw them.
    for (int row = 0; row < boxes.length; row++) {
      for (int col = 0; col < boxes[row].length; col++) {
        boxes[row][col].draw(g);

      }
    }
  }


  public void gameLogic(MaskableBox box) {
    if ((chosenBoxes[0] != null)&&(chosenBoxes[1] != null)) {
      if(chosenBoxes[0].getBackColor() == chosenBoxes[1].getBackColor()) {  
        for (int i=0; 0 < chosenBoxes.length; i++ ) {
          for(int row = 0; row < boxes.length; row++) {         
            for(int col = 0; col < boxes[row].length; col++) {          
              if( boxes[row][col] == chosenBoxes[i] ) {
                System.out.println("boxes [row][col] == chosenBoxes[] at index: " + i  );             
                matchedBoxes[row][col] = true;
                break;
              }
            }
          }
        }
      }else {  
        chosenBoxes[0].setMask(true);
        chosenBoxes[1].setMask(true);
      } 
        chosenBoxes = new MaskableBox[2];

    }else {
      if (chosenBoxes[0] == null) { 
          chosenBoxes[0] = box;
          chosenBoxes[0].setMask(false);
          return;
      }else{     
        if (chosenBoxes[1] == null) {
          chosenBoxes[1] = box;
          chosenBoxes[1].setMask(false);       
        }   
      }
    }
  }


  private void removeMouseListeners() {
    for(int row = 0; row < boxes.length; row ++) {
        for(int col = 0; col < boxes[row].length; col++) {
            removeMouseListener(boxes[row][col]);
        }
    }
  }

  private void buildBoxes() {
    // need to clear any chosen boxes when building new array.
    chosenBoxes = new MaskableBox[2];
    // create a new matchedBoxes array
    matchedBoxes = new boolean [ROWS][COLS];
    removeMouseListeners();
    for(int row = 0; row < boxes.length; row++) {
      for(int col = 0; col < boxes[row].length; col++) {
        boxes[row][col] = 
          new MaskableBox(START_X + col * BOX_WIDTH,
                            START_Y + row * BOX_HEIGHT,
                            BOX_WIDTH,
                            BOX_HEIGHT,
                            Color.gray,
                            boxColors[row][col],
                            true,
                            true,
                            this);
        addMouseListener(boxes[row][col]);
      }
    }
  }





  private void randomizeColors() {
    int[] chosenColors = {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0};
    Color[] availableColors = {Color.red, Color.blue, Color.green,
        Color.yellow, Color.cyan, Color.magenta, Color.pink, Color.orange };
    for(int row = 0; row < boxes.length; row++) {
      for (int col = 0; col < boxes[row].length; col++) {
        for (;;) {
          int rnd = (int) (Math.random() * 8);
          if (chosenColors[rnd]< 2) {
            chosenColors[rnd]++;
            boxColors[row][col] = availableColors[rnd];
            break;
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

这是包含 maskablebox 的第二批代码

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Container;
import java.awt.Graphics;

public class MaskableBox extends ClickableBox {
  private boolean mask;
  private Color maskColor;
  Container parent;

  public MaskableBox(int x, int y, int width, int height, Color borderColor,
      Color backColor, boolean drawBorder, boolean mask, Container parent ) {
    super(x, y, width, height, borderColor, backColor, drawBorder, parent);
    this.parent = parent;
    this.mask = mask;
  }

  public void draw(Graphics g) {
    if(mask=false) {
      super.draw(g);
//      setOldColor(g.getColor());
//      g.setColor(maskColor);
//      g.fillRect(getX(),getY(),getWidth(), getHeight());
//      if(isDrawBorder()) {
//        g.setColor(getBorderColor());
//        g.drawRect(getX(),getY(),getWidth(),getHeight());
//      }
//      g.setColor(getOldColor());
    }else {
      if(mask=true) {
        //super.draw(g);
        setOldColor(g.getColor());
        g.setColor(maskColor);
        g.fillRect(getX(),getY(),getWidth(), getHeight());
        if(isDrawBorder()) {
          g.setColor(getBorderColor());
          g.drawRect(getX(),getY(),getWidth(),getHeight());
        }
        g.setColor(getOldColor());
      }
    }
  }


  public boolean isMask() {
    return mask;
  }

  public void setMask(boolean mask) {
    this.mask = mask;
  }

  public Color getMaskColor() {
    return maskColor;
  }

  public void setMaskColor(Color maskColor) {
    this.maskColor = maskColor;
  }
}

我现在收到这些错误消息。

Exception in thread "AWT-EventQueue-1" java.lang.NullPointerException
    at GuessingGame.gameLogic(GuessingGame.java:74)
    at GuessingGame.paint(GuessingGame.java:55)
    at java.awt.Container.update(Container.java:1801)
    at sun.awt.RepaintArea.updateComponent(RepaintArea.java:239)
    at sun.awt.RepaintArea.paint(RepaintArea.java:216)
    at sun.awt.windows.WComponentPeer.handleEvent(WComponentPeer.java:306)
    at java.awt.Component.dispatchEventImpl(Component.java:4706)
    at java.awt.Container.dispatchEventImpl(Container.java:2099)
    at java.awt.Component.dispatchEvent(Component.java:4460)
    at java.awt.EventQueue.dispatchEvent(EventQueue.java:599)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpOneEventForFilters(EventDispatchThread.java:269)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEventsForFilter(EventDispatchThread.java:184)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEventsForHierarchy(EventDispatchThread.java:174)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEvents(EventDispatchThread.java:169)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEvents(EventDispatchThread.java:161)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.run(EventDispatchThread.java:122)

Answer 1

看，您在那里看到的错误消息被称为:“堆栈跟踪”

它包含有关错误原因的非常有用的信息:

Exception in thread "AWT-EventQueue-1" java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException: 2
 at GuessingGame.gameLogic(GuessingGame.java:77)     // This is where the error happened
 at GuessingGame.paint(GuessingGame.java:55)         // This is your code
 at java.awt.Container.update(Container.java:1801)            // not your code 
 at sun.awt.RepaintArea.updateComponent(RepaintArea.java:239) // not your code

如果你看到它说:GuessingGame.java:77，这意味着错误发生在文件GuessingGame.java的第77行。其他文件不在您的源代码( Container.java 和 Repaint.java )因此，它们不是问题发生的地方。

在 GuessingGame.java 的第 77 行，您尝试访问超出数组边界的索引(因此 ArrayIndexOutOfBoundException )此外，数字2 它是您尝试使用的索引。

有了这些信息，您可以查看源代码并看到第 77 行(至少从发布的代码来看)是:

 if( boxes[row][col] == chosenBoxes[i] ) {

因此，boxes 不是问题(它的大小为 4，它被声明为 boxes = new MaskableBox[ROWS][COLS]; 并且 ROWS 和 COLS 都是声明为 4 )。所以负责人必须是:chosenBoxes

它被初始化为:

chosenBoxes = new MaskableBox[2];

大小2，这意味着唯一有效的索引是0和1。当您尝试使用 index=2 时，会引发异常。

现在记住这些信息，您可以搜索可能导致它的代码。

正如其他答案指出的那样，原因是

for (int i=0; 0 <= chosenBoxes.length; ++i ) {

上面只有 3 行!它显示，“当零小于或等于 2...” 它将始终返回 true，因为 0 将始终 < 小于 2。

因此，您只需修复该部分并重新测试即可。

希望这个解释能够帮助您以后解决此类问题。学会阅读堆栈跟踪非常重要。

我什至可以想象 future 的缩写:RTFST ;)