java - 如何修复这个 NullPointerException？

Question

package blurbProject;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class BlurbMaker
{
Random generator = new Random(); //"Random" number generator for the Whatzits

public BlurbMaker()//constructor
{
    generator = null;
}//close constructor

public BlurbMaker(Random iniGenerator)//initialize constructor
{
    generator = iniGenerator;
}//close initialization

private String getWhoozitYs(){
    StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
    boolean stop = generator.nextBoolean(); //NullPointerException here
    if(stop == true)
    {
        sb.append("y");
        getWhoozitYs();
    }
    return sb.toString();
}

private String getWhozit()
{
    StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
    sb.append("x");
    sb.append(getWhoozitYs()); //NullPointerException here
    return sb.toString();
}

private String getWhatzit()
{
    StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
    sb.append("q");
    boolean stop = generator.nextBoolean();
    if(stop == true)
    {
        sb.append("z");
    }
    else
    {
        sb.append("d");
    }
    sb.append(getWhozit()); //NullPointerException here
    return sb.toString();
}

private String getMultipleWhatzits()
{
    StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
    sb.append(getWhatzit());
    boolean stop = generator.nextBoolean();
    if(stop == true)
    {
        sb.append(getWhatzit());
    }
    else
    {
        sb.append("");
    }
    return sb.toString();
}

public String generateBlurb()
{
    StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
    sb.append(getWhozit());
    sb.append(getMultipleWhatzits());

    return sb.toString();
}

public static void main(String[] args)
{
    BlurbMaker blurbmaker = new BlurbMaker();

    Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
    System.out.print("How many blurbs would you like? ");

    int blurbNumber = scanner.nextInt();

    if(blurbNumber > 0)
        for(int i = 0; i < blurbNumber; i++){
            System.out.println("Blurb: " + blurbmaker.generateBlurb());
                            //NullPointerException on line above
        }
    else
        System.out.println("My work here is done.");

    scanner.close();
}//close main

}//close class

我正在为一个编程类(class)开发一个项目，在尝试运行该程序后，我在此处的代码中列出的四行上遇到了 NullPointerExceptions。我知道 NullPointerException 来自尝试访问 null 的内容，但我不确定如何修复它。

Answer 1

删除无参构造函数中的这一行。

generator = null;

您正在“重置”先前初始化的 Random 实例，并导致在第一次尝试使用该实例的方法调用时抛出 NPE:

初始化随机生成器的替代方法可能是:

private final Random generator; // no init

public BlurbMaker() {
   generator = new Random();
}

public BlurbMaker(Random iniGenerator) {
   generator = iniGenerator;
}

仅在需要时才会创建 Random 实例。