python - if 字符串在行和下一行

Question

我有一个 xml 字符串(转换为列表)，我正在寻找特定的字符串。仅当该字符串在列表的下一行中具有相同的特定字符串时，我才想做一些事情。

xml(称为 diff):

 <result type="MLST" value="96">
      <result_data type="profile" value="43,47,49,49,41,15,3"/>
      <result_data type="QC_minimum_consensus_depth" value="7"/>
      <result_data type="QC_max_percentage_non_consensus_base" value="10.0"/>
      <result_data type="QC_percentage_coverage" value="100"/>
      <result_data type="QC_minimum_consensus_depth_for_all_loci" value="7,17,27,10,25,18,22" diff:update-attr="value:7,17,27,10,24,18,22"/>
      <result_data type="QC_complete_pileup" value="TRUE"/>
      <result_data type="QC_mean_consensus_depth" value="17.67"/>
      <result_data type="QC_max_percentage_non_consensus_base_for_all_loci" value="10.0, 6.25, 3.45, 9.09, 5.88, 5.26, 5.41"/>
      <result_data type="QC_mean_consensus_depth_for_all_loci" value="17.67, 32.49, 34.09, 23.44, 35.57, 29.02, 39.08" diff:update-attr="value:17.67, 32.49, 34.09, 23.44, 34.24, 29.02, 39.08"/>
      <result_data type="QC_traffic_light" value="GREEN"/>
      <result_data diff:insert="" type="predicted_serotype" diff:add-attr="type;value" value="('Schwarzengrund (Achtman)', 168), ('Schwarzengrund (PHE)', 83), ('Blockley (Achtman)', 1), ('Uppsala (Achtman)', 1), ('Oslo (Achtman)', 1), ('Schwarzengru (Achtman)', 1), ('Iv Rough:Z4,Z32:- (Achtman)', 1)"/>
      <result_data type="predicted_serotype" value="('Schwarzengrund (PHE)', 13)" diff:delete=""/>
</result>
<gastro_prelim_st reason="not novel" success="false">
      <type st="96"/>
</gastro_prelim_st>

代码:

diff_list = diff.split("\n")    
    for n,line in enumerate(diff_list):
        if "predicted_serotype" in line:
            print(line)

我想要的是，如果你在一行中定义“predicted_serotype”，并且下一行也有“predicted_serotype”，然后打印。

感谢任何帮助。

Answer 1

我所做的，只是将您的 xml 内容复制到 txt 文件中，然后将其作为字符串读取

file = "path/tmp.txt"
# the content will be a variable containing string
with open(file, 'r') as file:
    content = file.read()

# diff_list is a list
diff_list = content.split("\n")    
for n,line in enumerate(diff_list):
    print(n)
    if "predicted_serotype" in line and "predicted_serotype" in diff_list[n+1]:
        print(line)

基本上 diff_list 是一个列表，因此您可以执行各种索引操作。

正如评论中提到的其他人一样，请确保n+1

没有超出范围

已更新 @bruno desthuilliers 建议:

for line, next_line in zip(diff_list, diff_list[1:]):
    if "predicted_serotype" in line and "predicted_serotype" in next_line:
        print(line)

这样可以避免索引错误