matplotlib - cygwin : TclError: no display name and no $DISPLAY environment variable 上的 ipython --pylab

Question

我最近按照此处的说明安装了 ipython:http://ardiyu07.blogspot.com/2012/04/ipython-012-installation-in-cygwin.html .

当我跑 'ipython --pylab'我收到以下错误消息。我在谷歌上搜索并找到了有关此错误的帖子，但在不同的上下文中。当我使用 --pylab 参数启动 ipython 时会发生我的情况。我知道这与 matplotlib gui 交互有关，但不确定到底是什么。我很感激指导。

$ ipython --pylab
Python 2.7.3 (default, Dec 18 2012, 13:50:09)
Type "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.

IPython 0.13.1 -- An enhanced Interactive Python.
?         -> Introduction and overview of IPython's features.
%quickref -> Quick reference.
help      -> Python's own help system.
object?   -> Details about 'object', use 'object??' for extra details.

Welcome to pylab, a matplotlib-based Python environment [backend: TkAgg].
For more information, type 'help(pylab)'.
[TerminalIPythonApp] GUI event loop or pylab initialization failed
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
TclError                                  Traceback (most recent call last)
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/IPython/core/interactiveshell.pyc in enable_pylab(self, gui, import_all)
   2780         # Now we must activate the gui pylab wants to use, and fix %run to take
   2781         # plot updates into account
-> 2782         self.enable_gui(gui)
   2783         self.magics_manager.registry['ExecutionMagics'].default_runner = \
   2784         mpl_runner(self.safe_execfile)

/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/IPython/lib/inputhook.pyc in enable_gui(gui, app)
    526         e = "Invalid GUI request %r, valid ones are:%s" % (gui, guis.keys())
    527         raise ValueError(e)
--> 528     return gui_hook(app)
    529

/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/IPython/lib/inputhook.pyc in enable_tk(self, app)
    322         if app is None:
    323             import Tkinter
--> 324             app = Tkinter.Tk()
    325             app.withdraw()
    326             self._apps[GUI_TK] = app

/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/Tkinter.pyc in __init__(self, screenName, baseName, className, useTk, sync, use)
   1683                 baseName = baseName + ext
   1684         interactive = 0
-> 1685         self.tk = _tkinter.create(screenName, baseName, className, interactive, wantobjects, useTk, sync, use)
   1686         if useTk:
   1687             self._loadtk()

TclError: no display name and no $DISPLAY environment variable

Answer 1

类型 startxwin进入 cygwin 终端(您将需要 cygwin setup.exe 中可用的 X11 库)然后您可以运行 ipython --pylab从新的终端窗口和类似 plot(range(10)) 的命令这将打开一个新窗口，但您还需要调用 plt.draw()为了使绘图与原生 pylab 不同，与原生 pylab 相比，cygwin 中绘图的窗口控制也很差。

在此过程中我不需要编辑任何安装文件，您可能需要“pip uninstall matplotlib”并重新安装，直到您通过 cygwin setup.exe 安装了所需的库(tkinter 和我相信 X11-devel 库是必需的) .

通过 ez_setup.py 获取 setuptools

wget http://peak.telecommunity.com/dist/ez_setup.py
python ez_setup.py
easy_install pip 
pip install numpy 
pip install ipython
pip install matplotlib