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python - 下拉菜单在 Kivy (Python) 中部分可见

转载 作者:行者123 更新时间:2023-12-01 04:39:13 28 4
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我正在尝试在 Kivy(Python 的 GUI)中创建一个通用菜单栏,但我在使用下拉菜单时遇到了问题。它们只部分出现,我不知道为什么(参见子菜单 1):

enter image description here

如果您想检查的话,这是我的代码:

#!/usr/bin/env python3

from kivy.app import App
#from kivy.uix.widget import Widget
from kivy.uix.boxlayout import BoxLayout
from kivy.uix.button import Button
from kivy.uix.label import Label
from kivy.uix.behaviors import ButtonBehavior
from kivy.uix.dropdown import DropDown
from kivy.properties import ListProperty, ObjectProperty
#from kivy.uix.actionbar import ActionBar, ActionView, ActionGroup, ActionButton

class MenuItem(ButtonBehavior, Label):
'''Background color, in the format (r, g, b, a).'''
background_color_normal = ListProperty([0.2, 0.2, 0.2, 1])
background_color_down = ListProperty([0.3, 0.3, 0.3, 1])
background_color = ListProperty()
separator_color = ListProperty([0.8, 0.8, 0.8, 1])
pass

class MenuSubmenu(MenuItem):
# The list of submenu items in dropdown menu
submenu = ObjectProperty(None)

def add_widget(self, submenu, **kwargs):
if isinstance(submenu, MenuDropDown):
self.submenu = submenu
super().add_widget(submenu, **kwargs)

def on_release(self, **kwargs):
super().on_release(**kwargs)
self.submenu.open(self)

class MenuDropDown(DropDown):
pass

class MenuButton(MenuItem):
pass

class MenuBar(BoxLayout):

'''Background color, in the format (r, g, b, a).'''
background_color = ListProperty([0.2, 0.2, 0.2, 1])
separator_color = ListProperty([0.8, 0.8, 0.8, 1])

def __init__(self, **kwargs):
self.itemsList = []
super().__init__(**kwargs)

def add_widget(self, item, index=0):
if not isinstance(item, MenuItem):
raise TypeError("MenuBar accepts only MenuItem widgets")
super().add_widget(item, index)
if index == 0:
index = len(self.itemsList)
self.itemsList.insert(index, item)

class MenuApp(App):

def button(self, nb):
print("Button", nb, "triggered")

if __name__ == '__main__':
MenuApp().run()

这里是 kv 文件:

#:kivy 1.0.9

<MenuItem>:
background_color: self.background_color_down if self.state=='down' else self.background_color_normal
color: (1,1,1,1)
canvas.before:
Color:
rgba: self.background_color
Rectangle:
pos: self.pos
size: self.size
canvas.after:
Color:
rgba: self.separator_color
Line:
rectangle: self.x,self.y,self.width,self.height

<MenuBar>:
size_hint_y: None
height: 40
canvas.before:
Color:
rgba: self.background_color
Rectangle:
pos: self.pos
size: self.size
canvas.after:
Color:
rgba: self.separator_color
Line:
points: self.x, self.y, self.x + self.width, self.y

BoxLayout:
orientation: "vertical"

MenuBar:
MenuSubmenu:
text: "Submenu 1"
MenuDropDown:
Button:
text: "Button 11"
on_release: app.button(11)
Button:
text: "Button 12"
on_release: app.button(12)
Button:
text: "Button 13"
on_release: app.button(13)
MenuButton:
text: "Button 2"
on_release: app.button(2)
MenuButton:
text: "Button 3"
on_release: app.button(3)

Button:
text: "Nothing"
background_color: 0.4, 0.4, 0.4, 1
background_normal: ""

如果您知道发生了什么,或者您可以将我重定向到更合适的地方来寻找答案,那就太好了。

最佳答案

正如 @inclement 警告的那样,我没有正确使用下拉菜单。您不应直接在 kv 文件中添加下拉小部件。

因此,我查看了 kivy 中的 actionbar 是如何工作的(解释 here 和源代码 here ),并因此更新了我的菜单栏。

这是我的Python代码:

#!/usr/bin/env python3

from kivy.app import App
from kivy.lang import Builder
from kivy.uix.widget import Widget
from kivy.uix.boxlayout import BoxLayout
from kivy.uix.button import Button
from kivy.uix.label import Label
from kivy.uix.behaviors import ButtonBehavior
from kivy.uix.dropdown import DropDown
from kivy.uix.spinner import Spinner
from kivy.properties import ListProperty, ObjectProperty,\
StringProperty, BooleanProperty, NumericProperty
#from kivy.uix.actionbar import ActionBar, ActionView, ActionGroup, ActionButton

class MenuItem(Widget):
'''Background color, in the format (r, g, b, a).'''
background_color_normal = ListProperty([0.2, 0.2, 0.2, 1])
background_color_down = ListProperty([0.3, 0.3, 0.3, 1])
background_color = ListProperty([])
separator_color = ListProperty([0.8, 0.8, 0.8, 1])
text_color = ListProperty([1,1,1,1])
inside_group = BooleanProperty(False)
pass

class MenuSubmenu(MenuItem, Spinner):
triangle = ListProperty()

def __init__(self, **kwargs):
self.list_menu_item = []
super().__init__(**kwargs)
self.dropdown_cls = MenuDropDown

def add_widget(self, item):
self.list_menu_item.append(item)
self.show_submenu()

def show_submenu(self):
self.clear_widgets()
for item in self.list_menu_item:
item.inside_group = True
self._dropdown.add_widget(item)

def _build_dropdown(self, *largs):
if self._dropdown:
self._dropdown.unbind(on_dismiss=self._toggle_dropdown)
self._dropdown.dismiss()
self._dropdown = None
self._dropdown = self.dropdown_cls()
self._dropdown.bind(on_dismiss=self._toggle_dropdown)

def _update_dropdown(self, *largs):
pass

def _toggle_dropdown(self, *largs):
self.is_open = not self.is_open
ddn = self._dropdown
ddn.size_hint_x = None
if not ddn.container:
return
children = ddn.container.children
if children:
ddn.width = max(self.width, max(c.width for c in children))
else:
ddn.width = self.width
for item in children:
item.size_hint_y = None
item.height = max([self.height, 48])

def clear_widgets(self):
self._dropdown.clear_widgets()

class MenuDropDown(DropDown):
pass

class MenuButton(MenuItem,Button):
icon = StringProperty(None, allownone=True)
pass

class MenuEmptySpace(MenuItem):
pass

class MenuBar(BoxLayout):

'''Background color, in the format (r, g, b, a).'''
background_color = ListProperty([0.2, 0.2, 0.2, 1])
separator_color = ListProperty([0.8, 0.8, 0.8, 1])

def __init__(self, **kwargs):
self.itemsList = []
super().__init__(**kwargs)

def add_widget(self, item, index=0):
if not isinstance(item, MenuItem):
raise TypeError("MenuBar accepts only MenuItem widgets")
super().add_widget(item, index)
if index == 0:
index = len(self.itemsList)
self.itemsList.insert(index, item)

if __name__ == '__main__':

class MenuApp(App):
def button(self, nb):
print("Button", nb, "triggered")

MenuApp().run()

这是相应的文件menu.kv:

#:kivy 1.0.9

<MenuButton>:
size_hint_x: None if not root.inside_group else 1
width: self.texture_size[0] + 32
Image:
allow_stretch: True
opacity: 1 if root.icon else 0
source: root.icon
pos: root.x + 4, root.y + 4
size: root.width - 8, root.height - 8

<MenuSubmenu>:
size_hint_x: None
width: self.texture_size[0] + 32
triangle: (self.right-14, self.y+7, self.right-7, self.y+7, self.right-7, self.y+14)
canvas.after:
Color:
rgba: self.separator_color
Triangle:
points: self.triangle

<MenuButton,MenuSubmenu>:
background_normal: ""
background_down: ""
background_color: self.background_color_down if self.state=='down' else self.background_color_normal
color: self.text_color

<MenuEmptySpace>:
size_hint_x: 1

<MenuItem>:
background_color: self.background_color_normal
canvas.before:
Color:
rgba: self.background_color
Rectangle:
pos: self.pos
size: self.size
canvas.after:
Color:
rgba: self.separator_color
Line:
rectangle: self.x,self.y,self.width,self.height

<MenuBar>:
size_hint_y: None
height: 48
canvas.before:
Color:
rgba: self.background_color
Rectangle:
pos: self.pos
size: self.size
canvas.after:
Color:
rgba: self.separator_color
Line:
rectangle: self.x, self.y, self.width, self.height

BoxLayout:
orientation: "vertical"

MenuBar:
MenuButton:
icon: "/home/matthieu/internships/singapore/drawings/joytube_color_small.png"
width: 100
MenuButton:
text: "Button 1"
on_release: app.button(1)
MenuSubmenu:
text: "Submenu 2"
MenuButton:
text: "Button 21"
on_release: app.button(21)
MenuButton:
text: "Button 22"
on_release: app.button(22)
MenuButton:
text: "Button 23"
on_release: app.button(23)
MenuEmptySpace:
MenuSubmenu:
text: "Submenu 3"
MenuButton:
text: "Button 31"
on_release: app.button(31)

Button:
text: "Nothing"
background_color: 0.4, 0.4, 0.4, 1
background_normal: ""

MenuBar:
height: 30

希望它能帮助其他想要制作菜单栏的人。

关于python - 下拉菜单在 Kivy (Python) 中部分可见,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/31129588/

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